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Lin HT, Castaneda AFA, Krishna SG, Mumtaz K. MicroRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: Charting the path forward. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1470-1474. [PMID: 38617456 PMCID: PMC11008419 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i11.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized for their involvement in the regulation of gene expression and exhibit significant potential in both the prognostic assessment and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC, like other tumors, seldom occurs in isolation; instead, it evolves within a microenvironment featuring oncogenic and tumor-suppressive elements. When combined with suitable delivery vehicles, miRNA technology provides the capability to directly engage with these elements, thereby hindering tumor formation and progression. Ongoing research in this domain holds the promise of enabling a more efficacious and multi-modal treatment approach for HCC in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong T Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Antonio F Alvarez Castaneda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Somashekar G Krishna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Khalid Mumtaz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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2
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Vianello C, Monti E, Leoni I, Galvani G, Giovannini C, Piscaglia F, Stefanelli C, Gramantieri L, Fornari F. Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Potential Applications in Combined Therapeutic Strategies and Promising Candidates of Treatment Response. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:766. [PMID: 38398157 PMCID: PMC10886468 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing, and 40% of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. Over the past 5 years, the number of clinically available treatments has dramatically increased for HCC, making patient management particularly complex. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the overall survival of patients, showing a durable treatment benefit over time and a different response pattern with respect to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although there is improved survival in responder cases, a sizeable group of patients are primary progressors or are ineligible for immunotherapy. Indeed, patients with nonviral etiologies, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and alterations in specific driver genes might be less responsive to immunotherapy. Therefore, improving the comprehension of mechanisms of drug resistance and identifying biomarkers that are informative of the best treatment approach are required actions to improve patient survival. Abundant evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are pivotal players in cancer. Molecular mechanisms through which ncRNAs exert their effects in cancer progression and drug resistance have been widely investigated. Nevertheless, there are no studies summarizing the synergistic effect between ncRNA-based strategies and TKIs or ICIs in the preclinical setting. This review aims to provide up-to-date information regarding the possible use of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets in association with molecular-targeted agents and immunotherapies and as predictive tools for the selection of optimized treatment options in advanced HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Vianello
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research—CRBA, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (I.L.); (G.G.)
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Elisa Monti
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research—CRBA, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (I.L.); (G.G.)
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Leoni
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research—CRBA, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (I.L.); (G.G.)
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research—CRBA, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (I.L.); (G.G.)
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Catia Giovannini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (C.G.); (F.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (C.G.); (F.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research—CRBA, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (E.M.); (I.L.); (G.G.)
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
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3
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Zhao D, Meng Y, Dian Y, Zhou Q, Sun Y, Le J, Zeng F, Chen X, He Y, Deng G. Molecular landmarks of tumor disulfidptosis across cancer types to promote disulfidptosis-target therapy. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102966. [PMID: 38035663 PMCID: PMC10698012 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mystery about the mechanistic basis of disulfidptosis has recently been unraveled and shows promise as an effective treatment modality for triggering cancer cell death. However, the limited understanding of the role of disulfidptosis in tumor progression and drug sensitivity has hindered the development of disulfidptosis-targeted therapy and combinations with other therapeutic strategies. Here, we established a disulfidptosis signature model to estimate tumor disulfidptosis status in approximately 10,000 tumor samples across 33 cancer types and revealed its prognostic value. Then, we characterized disulfidptosis-associated molecular features and identified various types of molecular alterations that correlate with both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive responses to anti-tumor drugs. We further showed the vast heterogeneity in disulfidptosis status among 760 cancer cell lines across 25 cancer types. We experimentally validated that disulfidptosis score-high cell lines are more susceptible to glucose starvation-induced disulfidptosis compared to their counterparts with low scores. Finally, we investigated the impact of disulfidptosis status on drug response and revealed that disulfidptosis induction may enhance sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs, but in some cases, it could also lead to drug resistance in cultured cells. Overall, our multi-omics analysis firstly elucidates a comprehensive profile of disulfidptosis-related molecular alterations, prognosis, and potential therapeutic therapies at a pan-cancer level. These findings may uncover opportunities to utilize multiple drug sensitivities induced by disulfidptosis, thereby offering practical implications for clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deze Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yating Dian
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiayuan Le
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Yi He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Li J, Lv M, Huang Q, Hu R, Zhong X, Sun X, Feng W, Han Z, Ma M, Zhang W, Zhou X. FAT4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with prognosis and immune cell infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15735. [PMID: 37735184 PMCID: PMC10514079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) genes reflect the host immune status and could be suitable for evaluating the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which a reliable biomarker is unavailable and the host immune responses to cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate prognostically relevant genes in HCC PBMCs and assessed whether their expression represents tumor immune infiltration. Gene expression in PBMCs from patients with advanced or terminal HCC who had survived or died was examined. Correlations among FAT atypical cadherin 4 (FAT4) expression, cancer immune characteristics, and infiltrated immune cell gene marker sets were analyzed. FAT4 expression was lower in the PBMCs of patients with advanced or terminal HCC who had died than that in patients who survived. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that FAT4 downregulation was associated with a relatively poor prognosis while overexpression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration, several immune cell markers, and immune checkpoint expression. Hsa-miR-93-5p represented the most probable upstream microRNA of FAT4. Thus, upregulated FAT4 in PBMCs and HCC tissues might indicate a favorable prognosis and increased immune cell infiltration, while miRNA-93-5p could be a modulator of FAT4 expression. Collectively, these findings suggest novel immunotherapy targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Minling Lv
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Taipa, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Sun
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxing Feng
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyi Han
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - MengQing Ma
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Liver Disease, The Fourth Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, People's Republic of China.
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Wang M, Yu F, Li P. Noncoding RNAs as an emerging resistance mechanism to immunotherapies in cancer: basic evidence and therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268745. [PMID: 37767098 PMCID: PMC10520974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing knowledge in the field of oncoimmunology has led to extensive research into tumor immune landscape and a plethora of clinical immunotherapy trials in cancer patients. Immunotherapy has become a clinically beneficial alternative to traditional treatments by enhancing the power of the host immune system against cancer. However, it only works for a minority of cancers. Drug resistance continues to be a major obstacle to the success of immunotherapy in cancer. A fundamental understanding of the detailed mechanisms underlying immunotherapy resistance in cancer patients will provide new potential directions for further investigations of cancer treatment. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are tightly linked with cancer initiation and development due to their critical roles in gene expression and epigenetic modulation. The clear appreciation of the role of ncRNAs in tumor immunity has opened new frontiers in cancer research and therapy. Furthermore, ncRNAs are increasingly acknowledged as a key factor influencing immunotherapeutic treatment outcomes. Here, we review the available evidence on the roles of ncRNAs in immunotherapy resistance, with an emphasis on the associated mechanisms behind ncRNA-mediated immune resistance. The clinical implications of immune-related ncRNAs are also discussed, shedding light on the potential ncRNA-based therapies to overcome the resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Pan GQ, Jiao Y, Meng GX, Dong ZR, Li T. The relationship between the serum lipid profile and hepatocellular carcinoma in east Asian population: A mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17126. [PMID: 37484252 PMCID: PMC10361312 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although several studies have found that the serum lipid profile may be correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the causal relationships between the serum lipid profile and HCC have not been determined due to potential confounder. Here, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify the relationship between the serum lipid profile and HCC in the East Asian population. Method Our study made a MR analysis with the validation of two data sets. We obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) data related to the serum lipid profile from Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network (AGEN). Then, the data from a recent large GWAS of the East Asian ancestry in Japan (BioBank Japan, BBJ) were extracted. Summary-level statistical data for HCC were obtained from a large GWAS of the East Asian ancestry in Japan. Univariable MR analysis were performed to identify whether the genetic evidence of serum lipid profile was significantly associated with HCC risk. Multivariable MR analysis was conducted to estimate the independent effects of exposures on HCC. Results Univariable and multivariable MR analyses indicated that the serum lipid profile was not a risk factor for HCC incidence in either data set based on the East Asian population. Multivariable MR analysis revealed that the hazard ratios of the probability of HCC in AGEN were 1.134 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.903-1.424) for TG, 1.010 (95% CI: 0.824-1.237) for HDL-C, 0.974 (95% CI: 0.746-1.271) for TC, 0.918 (95% CI: 0.734-1.147) for LDL-C, while the results in BBJ were also non-significant: 1.111 (95% CI: 0.869-1.419) for TG, 0.957 (95% CI: 0.790-1.158) for HDL-C, 0.917 (95% CI: 0.643-1.308) for TC, 0.932 (95% CI: 0.699-1.243) for LDL-C. Conclusion Our MR study with the validation of two data sets found no strong evidence to support causal associations between the serum lipid profile and HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao-Ru Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
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