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Reider AM, Mayerhofer J, Martini P, Scheier P, Lushchikova OV. Mixed Cluster Ions of Magnesium and C 60. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:848-857. [PMID: 38272839 PMCID: PMC10860146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium clusters exhibit a pronounced nonmetal-to-metal transition, and the neutral dimer is exceptionally weakly bound. In the present study, we formed pristine Mgnz+ (n = 1-100, z = 1-3) clusters and mixed (C60)mMgnz+ clusters (m = 1-7, z = 1, 2) upon electron irradiation of neutral helium nanodroplets doped with magnesium or a combination of C60 and magnesium. The mass spectra obtained for pristine magnesium cluster ions exhibit anomalies, consistent with previous reports in the literature. The anomalies observed for C60Mgn+ strongly suggest that Mg atoms tend to wet the surface of the single fullerene positioning itself above the center of a pentagonal or hexagonal face, while, for (C60)mMgnz+, the preference for Mg to position itself within the dimples formed by fullerene cages becomes apparent. Besides doubly charged cluster ions, with the smallest member Mg22+, we also observed the formation of triply charged ions Mgn3+ with n > 24. The ion efficiency curves of singly and multiply charged ions exhibit pronounced differences compared to singly charged ions at higher electron energies. These findings indicate that sequential Penning ionization is essential in the formation of doubly and triply charged ions inside doped helium nanodroplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Reider
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jan Mayerhofer
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Martini
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Physics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olga V. Lushchikova
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Bergmeister S, Kollotzek S, Calvo F, Gruber E, Zappa F, Scheier P, Echt O. Adsorption of Helium and Hydrogen on Triphenylene and 1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154937. [PMID: 35956887 PMCID: PMC9370105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of helium or hydrogen on cationic triphenylene (TPL, C18H12), a planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecule, and of helium on cationic 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (TPB, C24H18), a propeller-shaped PAH, is studied by a combination of high-resolution mass spectrometry and classical and quantum computational methods. Mass spectra indicate that HenTPL+ complexes are particularly stable if n = 2 or 6, in good agreement with the quantum calculations that show that for these sizes, the helium atoms are strongly localized on either side of the central carbon ring for n = 2 and on either side of the three outer rings for n = 6. Theory suggests that He14TPL+ is also particularly stable, with the helium atoms strongly localized on either side of the central and outer rings plus the vacancies between the outer rings. For HenTPB+, the mass spectra hint at enhanced stability for n = 2, 4 and, possibly, 11. Here, the agreement with theory is less satisfactory, probably because TPB+ is a highly fluxional molecule. In the global energy minimum, the phenyl groups are rotated in the same direction, but when the zero-point harmonic correction is included, a structure with one phenyl group being rotated opposite to the other two becomes lower in energy. The energy barrier between the two isomers is very small, and TPB+ could be in a mixture of symmetric and antisymmetric states, or possibly even vibrationally delocalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bergmeister
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Siegfried Kollotzek
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Florent Calvo
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (O.E.)
| | - Elisabeth Gruber
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.B.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (F.Z.); (P.S.)
- Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (O.E.)
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3
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Gnidovec A, Čopar S. Long-range order in quadrupolar systems on spherical surfaces. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4874-4883. [PMID: 33890591 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00228g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between curvature, confinement and ordering on curved manifolds, with anisotropic interactions between building blocks, takes a central role in many fields of physics. In this paper, we investigate the effects of lattice symmetry and local positional order on orientational ordering in systems of long-range interacting point quadrupoles on a sphere in the zero temperature limit. Locally triangular spherical lattices show long-range ordered quadrupolar configurations only for specific symmetric lattices as strong geometric frustration prevents general global ordering. Conversely, the ground states on Caspar-Klug lattices are more diverse, with many different symmetries depending on the position of quadrupoles within the fundamental domain. We also show that by constraining the quadrupole tilts with respect to the surface normal, which models interactions with the substrate, and by considering general quadrupole tensors, we can manipulate the ground state configuration symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- AndraŽ Gnidovec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Simon Čopar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Martini P, Goulart M, Kranabetter L, Gitzl N, Rasul B, Scheier P, Echt O. Charged Clusters of C 60 and Au or Cu: Evidence for Stable Sizes and Specific Dissociation Channels. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4599-4608. [PMID: 31062979 PMCID: PMC6545602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We have doped helium nanodroplets with C60 and either gold or copper. Positively or negatively charged (C60) mM n± ions (M = Au or Cu) containing up to ≈10 fullerenes and ≈20 metal atoms are formed by electron ionization. The abundance distributions extracted from high-resolution mass spectra reveal several local anomalies. The sizes of the four most stable (C60) mAu n± ions identified in previous calculations for small values of m and n ( m ≤ 2 and n ≤ 2, or m = 1 and n = 3) agree with local maxima in the abundance distributions. Our data suggest the existence of several other relatively stable ions including (C60)2Au3± and (C60)3Au4-. Another feature, namely the absence of bare (C60)2±, confirms the prediction that (C60)2M± dissociates by loss of C60± rather than loss of M. The experimental data also reveal the preference for loss of (charged or neutral) C60 over loss of a metal atom from some larger species such as (C60)3M3+. In contrast to these similarities between Au and Cu, the abundance distributions of (C60)3Au n- and (C60)3Cu n- are markedly different. In this discussion, we emphasize the similarities and differences between anions and cations, and between gold and copper. Also noteworthy is the observation of dianions (C60) mAu n2- for m = 2, 4, and 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Martini
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcelo Goulart
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kranabetter
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norbert Gitzl
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bilal Rasul
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Sharma S, Biswal BK, Kumari D, Bindra P, Kumar S, Stobdan T, Shanmugam V. Ecofriendly Fruit Switches: Graphene Oxide-Based Wrapper for Programmed Fruit Preservative Delivery To Extend Shelf Life. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18478-18488. [PMID: 29722954 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
According to Food and Agriculture Organization 2015 report, post-harvest agricultural loss accounts for 20-50% annually; on the other hand, reports about preservatives toxicity are also increasing. Hence, preservative release with response to fruit requirement is desired. In this study, acid synthesized in the overripe fruits was envisaged to cleave acid labile hydrazone to release preservative salicylaldehyde from graphene oxide (GO). To maximize loading and to overcome the challenge of GO reduction by hydrazine, two-step activation with ethylenediamine and 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate respectively, are followed. The final composite shows efficient preservative release with the stimuli of the overripe fruit juice and improves the fruit shelf life. The composite shows less toxicity as compared to the free preservative along with the additional scope to reuse. The composite was vacuum-filtered through a 0.4 μm filter paper, to prepare a robust wrapper for the fruit storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
| | - Badal Kumar Biswal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
| | - Divya Kumari
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
| | - Pulkit Bindra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
| | - Tsering Stobdan
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research , Leh 901205 , India
| | - Vijayakumar Shanmugam
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali , Punjab 160062 , India
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6
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Ralser S, Kaiser A, Probst M, Postler J, Renzler M, Bohme DK, Scheier P. Experimental evidence for the influence of charge on the adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide on charged fullerenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:3048-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of CO2 is sensitive to charge on a capturing model carbonaceous surface, such as C60 fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ralser
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
| | - Alexander Kaiser
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
| | - Michael Probst
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
| | - Johannes Postler
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
| | - Michael Renzler
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
| | | | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck
- 6020 Innsbruck
- Austria
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7
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Harnisch M, Weinberger N, Denifl S, Scheier P, Echt O. Adsorption of helium on isolated C60and C70anions. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1018357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Kaiser A, Viñes F, Illas F, Ritter M, Hagelberg F, Probst M. Vacancy patterning and patterning vacancies: controlled self-assembly of fullerenes on metal surfaces. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:10850-10858. [PMID: 25113172 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02717e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A density functional theory study accounting for van der Waals interactions reveals the potential of metal surface vacancies as anchor points for the construction of user-defined 2D patterns of adsorbate molecules via a controlled self-assembly process. Vice versa, energetic criteria indicate the formation of regular adsorbate-induced vacancies after adsorbate self-assembly on clean surfaces. These processes are exemplified by adsorbing C₆₀ fullerene on Al(111), Au(111), and Be(0001) surfaces with and without single, triple, and septuple atom pits. An analysis of vacancy-adatom formation energetics precedes the study of the adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kaiser
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Postler J, Vizcaino V, Denifl S, Zappa F, Ralser S, Daxner M, Illenberger E, Scheier P. Electron attachment to CO2 embedded in superfluid He droplets. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6553-9. [PMID: 24818738 PMCID: PMC4141896 DOI: 10.1021/jp503179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Electron attachment to CO2 embedded in superfluid He
droplets leads to ionic complexes of the form (CO2)n– and (CO2)nO– and, at much lower intensities,
He containing ions of the form Hem(CO2)nO–. At low
energies (<5 eV), predominantly the non-decomposed complexes (CO2)n– are formed
via two resonance contributions, similar to electron attachment to
pristine CO2 clusters. The significantly different shapes
and relative resonance positions, however, indicate particular quenching
and mediation processes in CO2@He. A series of further
resonances in the energy range up to 67 eV can be assigned to electronic
excitation of He and capture of the inelastically scattered electron
generating (CO2)n– and two additional processes where an intermediately formed He*
leads to the nonstoichiometric anions (CO2)nO–.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Postler
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck , Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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