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Rudjito RC, Jiménez-Quero A, Muñoz MDCC, Kuil T, Olsson L, Stringer MA, Krogh KBRM, Eklöf J, Vilaplana F. Arabinoxylan source and xylanase specificity influence the production of oligosaccharides with prebiotic potential. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121233. [PMID: 37659797 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Cereal arabinoxylans (AXs) are complex polysaccharides in terms of their pattern of arabinose and ferulic acid substitutions, which influence their properties in structural and nutritional applications. We have evaluated the influence of the molecular structure of three AXs from wheat and rye with distinct substitutions on the activity of β-xylanases from different glycosyl hydrolase families (GH 5_34, 8, 10 and 11). The arabinose and ferulic acid substitutions influence the accessibility of the xylanases, resulting in specific profiles of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS). The GH10 xylanase from Aspergillus aculeatus (AcXyn10A) and GH11 from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TlXyn11) showed the highest activity, producing larger amounts of small oligosaccharides in shorter time. The GH8 xylanase from Bacillus sp. (BXyn8) produced linear xylooligosaccharides and was most restricted by arabinose substitution, whereas GH5_34 from Gonapodya prolifera (GpXyn5_34) required arabinose substitution and produced longer (A)XOS substituted on the reducing end. The complementary substrate specificity of BXyn8 and GpXyn5_34 revealed how arabinoses were distributed along the xylan backbones. This study demonstrates that AX source and xylanase specificity influence the production of oligosaccharides with specific structures, which in turn impacts the growth of specific bacteria (Bacteroides ovatus and Bifidobacterium adolescentis) and the production of beneficial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reskandi C Rudjito
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Amparo Jiménez-Quero
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria Del Carmen Casado Muñoz
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Teun Kuil
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Jens Eklöf
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, 2880 Bagsværd, Denmark.
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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The feruloyl esterase from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus shows broad specificity for processing pre-biotic feruloylated xylooligosaccharides at high temperatures. Food Chem 2022; 405:134939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Schendel RR, Bunzel M. 2D-HSQC-NMR-Based Screening of Feruloylated Side-Chains of Cereal Grain Arabinoxylans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:951705. [PMID: 35874025 PMCID: PMC9301459 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.951705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans of commelinid monocots are characterized by high contents of ferulic acid that is incorporated into arabinose-bearing side-chains of varying complexity. Species-related differences in the feruloylated side-chain profiles of grain arabinoxylans are observed and lead to differences in arabinoxylan functionality. Here, a semi-quantitative assay based on 1H-13C-correlation NMR spectroscopy (HSQC experiment) was developed to profile feruloylated side-chains of cereal grain arabinoxylans. Following acidic liberation of the feruloylated side-chains from the xylan backbone and a clean-up step using C18 solid phase extraction, the feruloylated oligosaccharides FA (5-O-trans-feruloyl-L-arabinofuranose), FAX (β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-5-O-trans-feruloyl-l-arabinofuranose) and FAXG (α-l-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-5-O-trans-feruloyl-l-arabinofuranose) were analyzed by HSQC-NMR. Marker signals were identified for each compound, and experimental conditions such as solvent and internal standard as well as measurement and processing conditions were optimized for a semi-quantitative determination. The approach was validated with respect to accuracy, precision, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. The newly developed approach was applied to several cereal samples including oats, popcorn maize, wheat, and wild rice. Data were compared to an HPLC-DAD/MS approach published earlier by our group, demonstrating that the results of the HSQC approach were comparable to the more time-consuming and technically more challenging HPLC-DAD/MS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R. Schendel
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Lignocellulolytic and Thermophilic Bacterium Thermobacillus xylanilyticus XE. Microbiol Resour Announc 2022; 11:e0093421. [PMID: 35258325 PMCID: PMC9022518 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00934-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermobacillus xylanilyticus is a thermophilic and hemicellulolytic bacterium able to use several lignocelluloses as its main carbon source. This draft genome sequence gives insight into the genomic potential of this bacterium and provides new resources to understand the enzymatic mechanisms used by the bacterium during lignocellulose degradation and will allow the identification of robust lignocellulolytic enzymes.
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Ríos-Ríos KL, Dejonghe W, Vanbroekhoven K, Rakotoarivonina H, Rémond C. Enzymatic Production of Xylo-oligosaccharides from Destarched Wheat Bran and the Impact of Their Degree of Polymerization and Substituents on Their Utilization as a Carbon Source by Probiotic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13217-13226. [PMID: 34706532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic production of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOs) from destarched wheat bran with a GH11 xylanase was studied. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOs) produced were separated into different fractions according to their degree of polymerization (DP) and the nature of their substituents: arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOs) with a DP from 2 to 3 and DP from 2 to 6 and feruloylated arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (FAXOs) esterified by ferulic and p-coumaric acids with a DP from 3 to 6. Both AXOs (short and long DP) and FAXOs stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella copri similarly but not Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The utilization of AXOs and FAXOs as a carbon source resulted in the increase in turbidity, decrease in pH, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the culture broth. The highest amount of SCFAs was produced by F. prausnitzii using FAXOs. Results suggest that FAXOs and AXOs have the potential to be considered as prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L Ríos-Ríos
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Winnie Dejonghe
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Karolien Vanbroekhoven
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Harivony Rakotoarivonina
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Caroline Rémond
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097 Reims, France
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Hassan AS, Houston K, Lahnstein J, Shirley N, Schwerdt JG, Gidley MJ, Waugh R, Little A, Burton RA. A Genome Wide Association Study of arabinoxylan content in 2-row spring barley grain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182537. [PMID: 28771585 PMCID: PMC5542645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In barley endosperm arabinoxylan (AX) is the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide and in wheat it is the most abundant polysaccharide in the starchy endosperm walls of the grain. AX is one of the main contributors to grain dietary fibre content providing several health benefits including cholesterol and glucose lowering effects, and antioxidant activities. Due to its complex structural features, AX might also affect the downstream applications of barley grain in malting and brewing. Using a high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method we quantified AX amounts in mature grain in 128 spring 2-row barley accessions. Amounts ranged from ~ 5.2 μg/g to ~ 9 μg/g. We used this data for a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) that revealed three significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain AX levels which passed a false discovery threshold (FDR) and are located on two of the seven barley chromosomes. Regions underlying the QTLs were scanned for genes likely to be involved in AX biosynthesis or turnover, and strong candidates, including glycosyltransferases from the GT43 and GT61 families and glycoside hydrolases from the GH10 family, were identified. Phylogenetic trees of selected gene families were built based on protein translations and were used to examine the relationship of the barley candidate genes to those in other species. Our data reaffirms the roles of existing genes thought to contribute to AX content, and identifies novel QTL (and candidate genes associated with them) potentially influencing the AX content of barley grain. One potential outcome of this work is the deployment of highly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms markers in breeding programs to guide the modification of AX abundance in barley grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saleh Hassan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kelly Houston
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Jelle Lahnstein
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Neil Shirley
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julian G. Schwerdt
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J. Gidley
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robbie Waugh
- Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Alan Little
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Burton
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Schendel RR, Puchbauer AK, Bunzel M. Glycoside Hydrolase Family 51 α-l-Arabinofuranosidases fromClostridium thermocellumandCellvibrio japonicusReleaseO–5-Feruloylated Arabinose. Cereal Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-01-16-0011-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R. Schendel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Puchbauer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Schendel RR, Puchbauer AK, Britscho N, Bunzel M. Feruloylated Wheat Bran Arabinoxylans: Isolation and Characterization of Acetylated andO–2-Monosubstituted Structures. Cereal Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-12-15-0250-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R. Schendel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Puchbauer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Natalie Britscho
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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McKee LS, Sunner H, Anasontzis GE, Toriz G, Gatenholm P, Bulone V, Vilaplana F, Olsson L. A GH115 α-glucuronidase from Schizophyllum commune contributes to the synergistic enzymatic deconstruction of softwood glucuronoarabinoxylan. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:2. [PMID: 26734072 PMCID: PMC4700659 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from softwood represents a valuable resource for the production of biofuels and bio-based materials as alternatives to traditional pulp and paper products. Hemicelluloses constitute an extremely heterogeneous fraction of the plant cell wall, as their molecular structures involve multiple monosaccharide components, glycosidic linkages, and decoration patterns. The complete enzymatic hydrolysis of wood hemicelluloses into monosaccharides is therefore a complex biochemical process that requires the activities of multiple degradative enzymes with complementary activities tailored to the structural features of a particular substrate. Glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX) is a major hemicellulose component in softwood, and its structural complexity requires more enzyme specificities to achieve complete hydrolysis compared to glucuronoxylans from hardwood and arabinoxylans from grasses. RESULTS We report the characterisation of a recombinant α-glucuronidase (Agu115) from Schizophyllum commune capable of removing (4-O-methyl)-glucuronic acid ((Me)GlcA) residues from polymeric and oligomeric xylan. The enzyme is required for the complete deconstruction of spruce glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX) and acts synergistically with other xylan-degrading enzymes, specifically a xylanase (Xyn10C), an α-l-arabinofuranosidase (AbfA), and a β-xylosidase (XynB). Each enzyme in this mixture showed varying degrees of potentiation by the other activities, likely due to increased physical access to their respective target monosaccharides. The exo-acting Agu115 and AbfA were unable to remove all of their respective target side chain decorations from GAX, but their specific activity was significantly boosted by the addition of the endo-Xyn10C xylanase. We demonstrate that the proposed enzymatic cocktail (Agu115 with AbfA, Xyn10C and XynB) achieved almost complete conversion of GAX to arabinofuranose (Araf), xylopyranose (Xylp), and MeGlcA monosaccharides. Addition of Agu115 to the enzymatic cocktail contributes specifically to 25 % of the conversion. However, traces of residual oligosaccharides resistant to this combination of enzymes were still present after deconstruction, due to steric hindrances to enzyme access to the substrate. CONCLUSIONS Our GH115 α-glucuronidase is capable of finely tailoring the molecular structure of softwood GAX, and contributes to the almost complete saccharification of GAX in synergy with other exo- and endo-xylan-acting enzymes. This has great relevance for the cost-efficient production of biofuels from softwood lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S. McKee
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hampus Sunner
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - George E. Anasontzis
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Toriz
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- />Department of Wood, Cellulose and Paper Research, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Paul Gatenholm
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vincent Bulone
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- />ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Francisco Vilaplana
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- />Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bouraoui H, Desrousseaux ML, Ioannou E, Alvira P, Manaï M, Rémond C, Dumon C, Fernandez-Fuentes N, O’Donohue MJ. The GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidase from Paenibacillus sp. THS1 is multifunctional, hydrolyzing main-chain and side-chain glycosidic bonds in heteroxylans. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:140. [PMID: 27398094 PMCID: PMC4939007 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conceptually, multi-functional enzymes are attractive because in the case of complex polymer hydrolysis having two or more activities defined by a single enzyme offers the possibility of synergy and reduced enzyme cocktail complexity. Nevertheless, multi-functional enzymes are quite rare and are generally multi-domain assemblies with each activity being defined by a separate protein module. However, a recent report described a GH51 arabinofuranosidase from Alicyclobacillus sp. A4 that displays both α-l-arabinofuranosidase and β-d-xylanase activities, which are defined by a single active site. Following on from this, we describe in detail another multi-functional GH51 arabinofuranosidase and discuss the molecular basis of multifunctionality. RESULTS THSAbf is a GH51 α-l-arabinofuranosidase. Characterization revealed that THSAbf is active up to 75 °C, stable at 60 °C and active over a broad pH range (4-7). THSAbf preferentially releases para-nitrophenyl from the l-arabinofuranoside (k cat/K M = 1050 s(-1) mM(-1)) and to some extent from d-galactofuranoside and d-xyloside. THSAbf is active on 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans from birch and beechwood (10.8 and 14.4 U mg(-1), respectively) and on sugar beet branched and linear arabinans (1.1 ± 0.24 and 1.8 ± 0.1 U mg(-1)). Further investigation revealed that like the Alicyclobacillus sp. A4 α-l-arabinofuranosidase, THSAbf also displays endo-xylanase activity, cleaving β-1,4 bonds in heteroxylans. The optimum pH for THASAbf activity is substrate dependent, but ablation of the catalytic nucleophile caused a general loss of activity, indicating the involvement of a single active center. Combining the α-l-arabinofuranosidase with a GH11 endoxylanase did not procure synergy. The molecular modeling of THSAbf revealed a wide active site cleft and clues to explain multi-functionality. CONCLUSION The discovery of single active site, multifunctional enzymes such as THSAbf opens up exciting avenues for enzyme engineering and the development of new biomass-degrading cocktails that could considerably reduce enzyme production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Bouraoui
- />UBMB, Université de Tunis El Manar, BP 94, 1068 Rommana, Tunisia
- />Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Institution de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, Université de Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | | | - Eleni Ioannou
- />CNRS, INRA, INSA, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- />Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA Ceredigion UK
| | - Pablo Alvira
- />CNRS, INRA, INSA, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamed Manaï
- />UBMB, Université de Tunis El Manar, BP 94, 1068 Rommana, Tunisia
| | - Caroline Rémond
- />INRA, FARE, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 2, Esplanade Roland Garros, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Claire Dumon
- />CNRS, INRA, INSA, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes
- />Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA Ceredigion UK
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Production of structurally diverse wheat arabinoxylan hydrolyzates using combinations of xylanase and arabinofuranosidase. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:452-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Yang Y, Zhang L, Guo M, Sun J, Matsukawa S, Xie J, Wei D. Novel α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484 and its substrate-specificity analysis with the aid of computer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3725-33. [PMID: 25797391 DOI: 10.1021/jf5059683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the process of gene mining for novel α-L-arabinofuranosidases (AFs), the gene Celf_3321 from Cellulomonas fimi ATCC 484 encodes an AF, termed as AbfCelf, with potent activity, 19.4 U/mg under the optimum condition, pH 6.0 and 40 °C. AbfCelf can hydrolyze α-1,5-linked oligosaccharides, sugar beet arabinan, linear 1,5-α-arabinan, and wheat flour arabinoxylan, which is partly different from some previously well-characterized GH 51 AFs. The traditional substrate-specificity analysis for AFs is labor-consuming and money costing, because the substrates include over 30 kinds of various 4-nitrophenol (PNP)-glycosides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Hence, a preliminary structure and mechanism based method was applied for substrate-specificity analysis. The binding energy (ΔG, kcal/mol) obtained by docking suggested the reaction possibility and coincided with the experimental results. AbfA crystal 1QW9 was used to test the rationality of docking method in simulating the interaction between enzyme and substrate, as well the credibility of the substrate-specificity analysis method in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Zhang
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingrong Guo
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shingo Matsukawa
- §Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Jingli Xie
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- ‡Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- ‡Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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Schendel RR, Becker A, Tyl CE, Bunzel M. Isolation and characterization of feruloylated arabinoxylan oligosaccharides from the perennial cereal grain intermediate wheat grass (Thinopyrum intermedium). Carbohydr Res 2015; 407:16-25. [PMID: 25699975 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In comparison to the annual grain crops dominating current agricultural production, perennial grain species require fewer chemical and energy inputs and improve soil health and erosion control. The possibility for producing sustainable grain harvests from marginal land areas is motivating research initiatives to integrate perennial grains into commercial cropping and food processing systems. In this study, the feruloylated arabinoxylans from intermediate wheat grass (Thinopyrum intermedium, IWG), a promising perennial grain candidate in agronomic screening studies, were investigated. Insoluble fiber isolated from IWG whole grain flour was subjected to either mildly acidic (50 mM TFA, 100 °C, 2 h) or enzymatic (Driselase) hydrolysis. The liberated feruloylated arabinoxylan oligosaccharides were concentrated with Amberlite XAD-2, separated with gel chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, water), and purified with reversed-phase HPLC (C18, water-MeOH gradient). Thirteen feruloylated oligosaccharides were isolated (including eight structures described for the first time) and identified by LC-ESI-MS and NMR. Linkage-type analysis via methylation analysis, as well as the monosaccharide and phenolic acid profiles of the IWG insoluble fiber were also determined. IWG feruloylated arabinoxylans have a relatively simple structure with only short feruloylated side chains, a lower backbone substitution rate than annual rye and wheat varieties, and a moderate phenolic acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Schendel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Andreas Becker
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Catrin E Tyl
- University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, 1340 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Schendel RR, Meyer MR, Bunzel M. Quantitative Profiling of Feruloylated Arabinoxylan Side-Chains from Graminaceous Cell Walls. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1249. [PMID: 26834763 PMCID: PMC4712305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Graminaceous arabinoxylans are distinguished by decoration with feruloylated monosaccharidic and oligosaccharidic side-chains. Although it is hypothesized that structural complexity and abundance of these feruloylated arabinoxylan side-chains may contribute, among other factors, to resistance of plant cell walls to enzymatic degradation, quantitative profiling approaches for these structural units in plant cell wall materials have not been described yet. Here we report the development and application of a rapid and robust method enabling the quantitative comparison of feruloylated side-chain profiles in cell wall materials following mildly acidic hydrolysis, C18-solid phase extraction (SPE), reduction under aprotic conditions, and liquid chromatography with diode-array detection/mass spectrometry (LC-DAD/MS) separation and detection. The method was applied to the insoluble fiber/cell wall materials isolated from 12 whole grains: wild rice (Zizania aquatica L.), long-grain brown rice (Oryza sativa L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), kamut (Triticum turanicum Jakubz.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), spelt (Triticum spelta L.), intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium), maize (Zea mays L.), popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta), oat (Avena sativa L.) (dehulled), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (dehulled), and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Between 51 and 96% of the total esterified monomeric ferulates were represented in the quantified compounds captured in the feruloylated side-chain profiles, which confirms the significance of these structures to the global arabinoxylan structure in terms of quantity. The method provided new structural insights into cereal grain arabinoxylans, in particular, that the structural moiety α-l-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-5-O-trans-feruloyl-l-arabinofuranose (FAXG), which had previously only been described in maize, is ubiquitous to cereal grains.
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Borsenberger V, Dornez E, Desrousseaux ML, Massou S, Tenkanen M, Courtin CM, Dumon C, O'Donohue MJ, Fauré R. A 1H NMR study of the specificity of α-l-arabinofuranosidases on natural and unnatural substrates. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3106-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rakotoarivonina H, Hermant B, Aubry N, Rabenoelina F, Baillieul F, Rémond C. Dynamic study of how the bacterial breakdown of plant cell walls allows the reconstitution of efficient hemicellulasic cocktails. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 170:331-341. [PMID: 25151078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Designing more efficient mixtures of enzymes is necessary to produce molecules of interest from biomass lignocellulosic fractionation. The present study aims to investigate the strategies used by the thermophilic and hemicellulolytic bacterium Thermobacillus xylanilyticus to fractionate wheat bran and wheat straw during its growth. Results demonstrated ratios and levels of hemicellulases produced varied during growth on both biomasses. Xylanase activity was mainly produced during stationary stages of growth whereas esterase and arabinosidase activities were detected earlier. This enzymatic profile is correlated with the expression pattern of genes encoding four hemicellulases (two xylanases, one arabinosidase and one esterase) produced by T. xylanilyticus during growth. Based on identification of the bacterial strategy, the synergistic efficiency of the four hemicellulases during the hydrolysis of both substrates was evaluated. The four hemicellulases worked together with high degree of synergy and released high amounts of xylose, arabinose and phenolic acids from wheat bran and wheat straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rakotoarivonina
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France; INRA, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France.
| | - B Hermant
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France; INRA, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France
| | - N Aubry
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France; INRA, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France
| | - F Rabenoelina
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne, EA 4707, F-51687 Reims, France
| | - F Baillieul
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne, EA 4707, F-51687 Reims, France
| | - C Rémond
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France; INRA, UMR614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, F-51100 Reims, France
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β-xylosidases and α-L-arabinofuranosidases: accessory enzymes for arabinoxylan degradation. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:316-32. [PMID: 24239877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arabinoxylan (AX) is among the most abundant hemicelluloses on earth and one of the major components of feedstocks that are currently investigated as a source for advanced biofuels. As global research into these sustainable biofuels is increasing, scientific knowledge about the enzymatic breakdown of AX advanced significantly over the last decade. This review focuses on the exo-acting AX hydrolases, such as α-arabinofuranosidases and β-xylosidases. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse substrate specificities and corresponding structural features found in the different glycoside hydrolase families. A careful review of the available literature reveals a marked difference in activity between synthetically labeled and naturally occurring substrates, often leading to erroneous enzymatic annotations. Therefore, special attention is given to enzymes with experimental evidence on the hydrolysis of natural polymers.
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Rakotoarivonina H, Hermant B, Monthe N, Rémond C. The hemicellulolytic enzyme arsenal of Thermobacillus xylanilyticus depends on the composition of biomass used for growth. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:159. [PMID: 23241174 PMCID: PMC3541102 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thermobacillus xylanilyticus is a thermophilic and highly xylanolytic bacterium. It produces robust and stable enzymes, including glycoside hydrolases and esterases, which are of special interest for the development of integrated biorefineries. To investigate the strategies used by T. xylanilyticus to fractionate plant cell walls, two agricultural by-products, wheat bran and straw (which differ in their chemical composition and tissue organization), were used in this study and compared with glucose and xylans. The ability of T. xylanilyticus to grow on these substrates was studied. When the bacteria used lignocellulosic biomass, the production of enzymes was evaluated and correlated with the initial composition of the biomass, as well as with the evolution of any residues during growth. Results Our results showed that T. xylanilyticus is not only able to use glucose and xylans as primary carbon sources but can also use wheat bran and straw. The chemical compositions of both lignocellulosic substrates were modified by T. xylanilyticus after growth. The bacteria were able to consume 49% and 20% of the total carbohydrates in bran and straw, respectively, after 24 h of growth. The phenolic and acetyl ester contents of these substrates were also altered. Bacterial growth on both lignocellulosic biomasses induced hemicellulolytic enzyme production, and xylanase was the primary enzyme secreted. Debranching activities were differentially produced, as esterase activities were more important to bacterial cultures grown on wheat straw; arabinofuranosidase production was significantly higher in bacterial cultures grown on wheat bran. Conclusion This study provides insight into the ability of T. xylanilyticus to grow on abundant agricultural by-products, which are inexpensive carbon sources for enzyme production. The composition of the biomass upon which the bacteria grew influenced their growth, and differences in the biomass provided resulted in dissimilar enzyme production profiles. These results indicate the importance of using different biomass sources to encourage the production of specific enzymes.
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Chlubnova I, Legentil L, Dureau R, Pennec A, Almendros M, Daniellou R, Nugier-Chauvin C, Ferrières V. Specific and non-specific enzymes for furanosyl-containing conjugates: biosynthesis, metabolism, and chemo-enzymatic synthesis. Carbohydr Res 2012; 356:44-61. [PMID: 22554502 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There is no doubt now that the synthesis of compounds of varying complexity such as saccharides and derivatives thereof continuously grows with enzymatic methods. This review focuses on recent basic knowledge on enzymes specifically involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of furanosyl-containing polysaccharides and conjugates. Moreover, and when possible, biocatalyzed approaches, alternative to standard synthesis, will be detailed in order to strengthen the high potential of these biocatalysts to go further with the preparation of rare furanosides. Interesting results will be also proposed with chemo-enzymatic processes based on nonfuranosyl-specific enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Chlubnova
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général Leclerc, CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France
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21
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A thermostable feruloyl-esterase from the hemicellulolytic bacterium Thermobacillus xylanilyticus releases phenolic acids from non-pretreated plant cell walls. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 90:541-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Muzard M, Aubry N, Plantier-Royon R, O’Donohue M, Rémond C. Evaluation of the transglycosylation activities of a GH 39 β-d-xylosidase for the synthesis of xylose-based glycosides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Paës G, Skov LK, O’Donohue MJ, Rémond C, Kastrup JS, Gajhede M, Mirza O. The Structure of the Complex between a Branched Pentasaccharide and Thermobacillus xylanilyticus GH-51 Arabinofuranosidase Reveals Xylan-Binding Determinants and Induced Fit. Biochemistry 2008; 47:7441-51. [DOI: 10.1021/bi800424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Paës
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars K. Skov
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J. O’Donohue
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Rémond
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette S. Kastrup
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Gajhede
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Osman Mirza
- INRA—UMR FARE 614, 8, rue Gabriel Voisin, BP 316, 51688 Reims cedex 2, France, Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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