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Krishna DV, Sankar MR, Sarma PVGK, Samundeshwari EL. Copper nanoparticles loaded gelatin/ polyvinyl alcohol/ guar gum-based 3D printable multimaterial hydrogel for tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133866. [PMID: 39009268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are becoming increasingly significant in tissue engineering because of their numerous benefits, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their ability to provide a supportive structure for cell proliferation. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a new multimaterial hydrogel with 3D-printing capabilities composed of copper nanoparticle-reinforced gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and guar gum-based biomaterials intended for tissue engineering applications. Combining CuNPs aims to enhance the hydrogel's antibacterial properties, mechanical strength, and bioactivity, which are essential for successful tissue regeneration. Hydrogels are chemically cross-linked with glyoxal and analyzed through different assessments to examine the compressive behavior, surface morphology, sorbing capacity, biocompatibility, thermal stability, and degradation properties. The results demonstrated that including CuNPs significantly improved the hydrogel's compressive modulus (4.18 MPa) for the hydrogel with the CuNPs and provided better antibacterial activity against common pathogens with controlled degradation. All the hydrogels exhibited a lower coefficient of friction, which was below 0.1. In vitro cell culture studies using chondrocytes indicated that the CuNPs-loaded hydrogel supported cell proliferation and growth of chondrogenic genes such as collagen type II (COL2) and aggrecan (ACAN). The biocompatibility and enhanced mechanical properties of the multimaterial hydrogel make it a promising candidate for developing customized, patient-specific tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Krishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517619, India
| | - M R Sankar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517619, India.
| | - P V G K Sarma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India
| | - E L Samundeshwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517502, India
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2
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Hoffmann N, McFarlane HE. Xyloglucan side chains enable polysaccharide secretion to the plant cell wall. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00384-8. [PMID: 38971156 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are essential for growth. The cell wall hemicellulose xyloglucan (XyG) is produced in the Golgi apparatus before secretion. Loss of the Arabidopsis galactosyltransferase MURUS3 (MUR3) decreases XyG d-galactose side chains and causes intracellular aggregations and dwarfism. It is unknown how changing XyG synthesis can broadly impact organelle organization and growth. We show that intracellular aggregations are not unique to mur3 and are found in multiple mutant lines with reduced XyG D-galactose side chains. mur3 aggregations disrupt subcellular trafficking and induce formation of intracellular cell-wall-like fragments. Addition of d-galacturonic acid onto XyG can restore growth and prevent mur3 aggregations. These results indicate that the presence, but not the composition, of XyG side chains is essential, likely by ensuring XyG solubility. Our results suggest that XyG polysaccharides are synthesized in a highly substituted form for efficient secretion and then later modified by cell-wall-localized enzymes to fine-tune cell wall properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Hoffmann
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Heather E McFarlane
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
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3
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Guo R, Li X, Ma X, Sun X, Kou Y, Zhang J, Li D, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wu Y. Macromolecular and thermokinetic properties of a galactomannan from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds: A study of molecular aggregation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117890. [PMID: 33838792 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular aggregation of a galactomannan (NSAP-25) from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds was investigated, where three polydisperse systems were confirmed during particle size analysis, indicating existence of different aggregates composed of random coil chains revealed by circular dichroism. Morphologically, NSAP-25 aggregate of various sizes (200-1200 nm) was possibly multi-stranded and formed by ellipsoid-like particles (20-60 nm) composed of compact coil chain, exhibiting extended amorphous structure with chain-like branches intertwined. Hence, NSAP-25 aggregation was inevitable, which exerted an unignorable effect on augmenting flexibility (β↓, γ↓, α↓ and Lp/ML↓) and compactness (ρ↓, df↑ and C∞↓) of branched random coil chain based on macromolecular analysis, especially when concentration increased. Moreover, it could be relevant to thermokinetic behavior of random nucleation and subsequent growth (A2 model and negative ΔS*) as well as good thermal stability (IPDT, ITS, t0.05, Tm and Tp), thus conferring potential applications for NSAP-25 in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xujiao Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianda Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianbao Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuxing Kou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun'ai Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Deshun Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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4
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Verhertbruggen Y, Bouder A, Vigouroux J, Alvarado C, Geairon A, Guillon F, Wilkinson MD, Stritt F, Pauly M, Lee MY, Mortimer JC, Scheller HV, Mitchell RAC, Voiniciuc C, Saulnier L, Chateigner-Boutin AL. The TaCslA12 gene expressed in the wheat grain endosperm synthesizes wheat-like mannan when expressed in yeast and Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110693. [PMID: 33288007 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mannan is a class of cell wall polysaccharides widespread in the plant kingdom. Mannan structure and properties vary according to species and organ. The cell walls of cereal grains have been extensively studied due to their role in cereal processing and to their beneficial effect on human health as dietary fiber. Recently, we showed that mannan in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grain endosperm has a linear structure of β-1,4-linked mannose residues. The aim of this work was to study the biosynthesis and function of wheat grain mannan. We showed that mannan is deposited in the endosperm early during grain development, and we identified candidate mannan biosynthetic genes expressed in the endosperm. The functional study in wheat was unsuccessful therefore our best candidate genes were expressed in heterologous systems. The endosperm-specificTaCslA12 gene expressed in Pichia pastoris and in an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant depleted in glucomannan led to the production of wheat-like linear mannan lacking glucose residues and with moderate acetylation. Therefore, this gene encodes a mannan synthase and is likely responsible for the synthesis of wheat endosperm mannan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark D Wilkinson
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JK, UK
| | - Fabian Stritt
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Pauly
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mi Yeon Lee
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jenny C Mortimer
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Henrik V Scheller
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Institute for Plant Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Independent Junior Research Group-Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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5
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Nešić A, Cabrera-Barjas G, Dimitrijević-Branković S, Davidović S, Radovanović N, Delattre C. Prospect of Polysaccharide-Based Materials as Advanced Food Packaging. Molecules 2019; 25:E135. [PMID: 31905753 PMCID: PMC6983128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of polysaccharide-based materials presents an eco-friendly technological solution, by reducing dependence on fossil resources while reducing a product's carbon footprint, when compared to conventional plastic packaging materials. This review discusses the potential of polysaccharides as a raw material to produce multifunctional materials for food packaging applications. The covered areas include the recent innovations and properties of the polysaccharide-based materials. Emphasis is given to hemicelluloses, marine polysaccharides, and bacterial exopolysaccharides and their potential application in the latest trends of food packaging materials, including edible coatings, intelligent films, and thermo-insulated aerogel packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nešić
- Vinca Institute for Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica-Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepcion, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4190000, Chile;
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepcion, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4190000, Chile;
| | | | - Sladjana Davidović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Neda Radovanović
- Inovation Centre of Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Cédric Delattre
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Institute Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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Lahtinen MH, Valoppi F, Juntti V, Heikkinen S, Kilpeläinen PO, Maina NH, Mikkonen KS. Lignin-Rich PHWE Hemicellulose Extracts Responsible for Extended Emulsion Stabilization. Front Chem 2019; 7:871. [PMID: 31921786 PMCID: PMC6927942 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood hemicelluloses have an excellent capacity to form and stabilize oil-in-water emulsions. Galactoglucomannans (GGM) from spruce and glucuronoxylans (GX) from birch provide multifunctional protection against physical breakdown and lipid oxidation in emulsions. Phenolic residues, coextracted with hemicelluloses using the pressurized hot water (PHWE) process, seem to further enhance emulsion stability. According to hypothesis, phenolic residues associated with hemicelluloses deliver and anchor hemicelluloses at the emulsion interface. This study is the first to characterize the structure of the phenolic residues in both GGM- and GX-rich wood extracts and their role in the stabilization of emulsions. PHWE GGM and GX were fractionated by centrifugation to obtain concentrated phenolic residues as one fraction (GGM-phe and GX-phe) and partially purified hemicelluloses as the other fraction (GGM-pur and GX-pur). To evaluate the role of each fraction in terms of physical and oxidative stabilization, rapeseed oil-in-water emulsions were prepared using GGM, GX, GGM-pur, and GX-pur as stabilizers. Changes in droplet-size distribution and peroxide values were measured during a 3-month accelerated storage test. The results for fresh emulsions indicated that the phenolic-rich fractions in hemicelluloses take part in the formation of emulsions. Furthermore, results from the accelerated storage test indicated that phenolic structures improve the long-term physical stability of emulsions. According to measured peroxide values, all hemicelluloses examined inhibited lipid oxidation in emulsions, GX being the most effective. This indicates that phenolic residues associated with hemicelluloses act as antioxidants in emulsions. According to chemical characterization using complementary methods, the phenolic fractions, GGM-phe and GX-phe, were composed mainly of lignin. Furthermore, the total carbohydrate content of the phenolic fractions was clearly lower compared to the starting hemicelluloses GGM and GX, and the purified fractions GGM-pur and GX-pur. Apparently, the phenolic structures were enriched in the GGM-phe and GX-phe fractions, which was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy as well as by other characterization methods. The frequency of the main bonding pattern in lignins, the β-O-4 structure, was clearly very high, suggesting that extracted lignin remains in native form. Furthermore, the lignin carbohydrate complex of γ-ester type was found, which could explain the excellent stabilizing properties of PHWE hemicelluloses in emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarit H Lahtinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fabio Valoppi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Venla Juntti
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ndegwa H Maina
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi S Mikkonen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Verhertbruggen Y, Falourd X, Sterner M, Guillon F, Girousse C, Foucat L, Le Gall S, Chateigner-Boutin AL, Saulnier L. Challenging the putative structure of mannan in wheat (Triticum aestivum) endosperm. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115063. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Valoppi F, Maina N, Allén M, Miglioli R, Kilpeläinen PO, Mikkonen KS. Spruce galactoglucomannan-stabilized emulsions as essential fatty acid delivery systems for functionalized drinkable yogurt and oat-based beverage. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03273-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Bhattarai M, Pitkänen L, Kitunen V, Korpinen R, Ilvesniemi H, Kilpeläinen PO, Lehtonen M, Mikkonen KS. Functionality of spruce galactoglucomannans in oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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10
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Mannans: An overview of properties and application in food products. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:79-95. [PMID: 30048723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to emphasize the occurrence and abundant presence of mannans in nature, their classification, structural differences and significance in food and feed industry. With rising demand from the consumers' end for novel natural foods, usage of galactomannan and glucomannan has also increased alternatively. Non toxicity of mannans permits their usage in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetics, and textile industries. In the food industry, mannans have various applications such as edible films/coating, gel formation, stiffeners, viscosity modifiers, stabilizers, texture improvers, water absorbants, as prebiotics in dairy products and bakery, seasonings, diet foods, coffee whiteners etc. Applications and functions of these commonly used commercially available mannans have therefore, been highlighted. Mannans improve the texture and appeal of food products and provide numerous health benefits like controlling obesity and body weight control, prebiotic benefits, constipation alleviaton, prevent occurrence of diarrhea, check inflammation due to gut related diseases, management of diverticular disease management, balance intestinal microbiota, immune system modulator, reduced risk of colorectal cancer etc. Mannan degrading enzymes are the key enzymes involved in degradation and are useful in various industrial processes such as fruit juice clarification, viscosity reduction of coffee extracts etc. besides facilitating the process steps and improving process quality.
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12
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Polysaccharide characterization by hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation with on-line multi-angle static light scattering and differential refractometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1380:146-55. [PMID: 25578045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Accurate characterization of the molar mass and size of polysaccharides is an ongoing challenge, oftentimes due to architectural diversity but also to the broad molar mass (M) range over which a single polysaccharide can exist and to the ultra-high M of many polysaccharides. Because of the latter, many of these biomacromolecules experience on-column, flow-induced degradation during analysis by size-exclusion and, even, hydrodynamic chromatography (SEC and HDC, respectively). The necessity for gentler fractionation methods has, to date, been addressed employing asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4). Here, we introduce the coupling of hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation (HF5) to multi-angle static light scattering (MALS) and differential refractometry (DRI) detection for the analysis of polysaccharides. In HF5, less stresses are placed on the macromolecules during separation than in SEC or HDC, and HF5 can offer a higher sensitivity, with less propensity for system overloading and analyte aggregation, than generally found in AF4. The coupling to MALS and DRI affords the determination of absolute, calibration-curve-independent molar mass averages and dispersities. Results from the present HF5/MALS/DRI experiments with dextrans, pullulans, and larch arabinogalactan were augmented with hydrodynamic radius (RH) measurements from off-line quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) and by RH distribution calculations and fractogram simulations obtained via a finite element analysis implementation of field-flow fractionation theory by commercially available software. As part of this study, we have investigated analyte recovery in HF5 and also possible reasons for discrepancies between calculated and simulated results vis-à-vis experimentally determined data.
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Mikkonen KS, Tenkanen M. Sustainable food-packaging materials based on future biorefinery products: Xylans and mannans. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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