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Fuchs A, Hupfeld E, Sieber V. To gel or not to gel - Tuning the sulfation pattern of carrageenans to expand their field of application. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121930. [PMID: 38494212 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Carrageenans represent a major cell wall component of red macro algae and, as established gelling and thickening agents, they contribute significantly to a broad variety of commercial applications in the food and cosmetic industry. As a highly sulfated class of linear polysaccharides, their functional properties are strongly related to the sulfation pattern of their carrabiose repeating units. Therefore, the biocatalytic fine-tuning of these polymers by generating tailored sulfation architectures harnessing the hydrolytic activity of sulfatases could be a powerful tool to produce novel polymer structures with tuned properties to expand applications of carrageenans beyond their current use. To contribute to this vision, we sought to identify novel carrageenan sulfatases by studying several putative carrageenolytic clusters in marine heterotrophic bacteria. This approach revealed two novel formylglycine-dependent sulfatases from Cellulophaga algicola DSM 14237 and Cellulophaga baltica DSM 24729 with promiscuous hydrolytic activity towards the sulfated galactose in the industrially established ι- and κ-carrageenan, converting them into α- and β-carrageenan, respectively, and enabling the production of a variety of novel pure and hybrid carrageenans. The rheological analysis of these enzymatically generated structures revealed significantly altered physicochemical properties that may open the gate to a variety of novel carrageenan-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Fuchs
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Enrico Hupfeld
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technical University of Munich, TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany; SynBioFoundry@TUM, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315 Straubing, Germany; TUM Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße1, 85748 Garching, Germany; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, 68 Copper Road, St. Lucia 4072, Australia.
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Ferdiansyah R, Abdassah M, Zainuddin A, Rachmaniar R, Chaerunisaa AY. Effects of Alkaline Solvent Type and pH on Solid Physical Properties of Carrageenan from Eucheuma cottonii. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050397. [PMID: 37232989 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of alkali type and pH on the physical properties of carrageenan have been extensively studied. However, their effects on certain characteristics of solid-state properties of carrageenan have not been identified. This research aimed to investigate the effect of alkaline solvent type and pH on the solid physical properties of carrageenan isolated from Eucheuma cottonii. Carrageenan was extracted from the algae using NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH)2 at pHs of 9, 11, and 13. Based on the results of preliminary characterization, including yield, ash content, pH, sulphate content, viscosity, and gel strength, it was found that all samples followed Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) specifications. The swelling capacity of carrageenan based on the type of alkali was KOH > NaOH > Ca(OH)2. The FTIR spectra of all samples were in agreement with that of standard carrageenan. The molecular weight (MW) of carrageenan using KOH as the alkali followed the order pH 13 > pH 9 > pH 11, while using NaOH, the order was pH 9 > pH 13 > pH 11, and while using Ca(OH)2, the order was pH 13 > pH 9 > pH 11. The results of the solid-state physical characterization of carrageenan with the highest MW in each type of alkali showed that the morphology of carrageenan using Ca(OH)2 has a cubic shape and is more crystal-like. The order of crystallinity of carrageenan using different types of alkali was Ca(OH)2 (14.44%) > NaOH (9.80%) > KOH (7.91%), while the order of density was Ca(OH)2 > KOH > NaOH. The order of solid fraction (SF) of the carrageenan was KOH > Ca(OH)2 > NaOH, while the tensile strength when using KOH was 1.17, when using NaOH it was 0.08, and while using Ca(OH)2, it was 0.05. The bonding index (BI) of carrageenan using KOH = 0.04, NaOH = 0.02, and Ca(OH)2 = 0.02. The brittle fracture index (BFI) of the carrageenan was KOH = 0.67, NaOH = 0.26, and Ca(OH)2 = 0.04. The order of carrageenan solubility in water was NaOH > KOH > Ca(OH)2. These data can be used as the basis for the development of carrageenan for excipients in solid dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rival Ferdiansyah
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No. 354, Bandung 40266, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Marline Abdassah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Zainuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Revika Rachmaniar
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia, Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No. 354, Bandung 40266, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Green extraction of phenolic compounds and carrageenan from the red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ko HJ, Wen Y, Choi JH, Park BR, Kim HW, Park HJ. Meat analog production through artificial muscle fiber insertion using coaxial nozzle-assisted three-dimensional food printing. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Martín-Del-Campo A, Fermín-Jiménez JA, Fernández-Escamilla VV, Escalante-García ZY, Macías-Rodríguez ME, Estrada-Girón Y. Improved extraction of carrageenan from red seaweed ( Chondracantus canaliculatus) using ultrasound-assisted methods and evaluation of the yield, physicochemical properties and functional groups. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:901-910. [PMID: 34395021 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Red seaweed Chondracanthus canaliculatus, an underexploited algae species, was used as a potential source for the obtaining of carrageenan. Seaweed was treated under alkaline conditions using ultrasound alone or combined with conventional procedures, to improve the yield extraction. Color, syneresis behavior, water retention capacity, and functional groups of the gelling and non-gelling fractions of carrageenan were determined; these properties were compared with those of commercial carrageenans named A and B. Ultrasound alone or with heat significantly (p < 0.05) increased the yield extraction up to 41-45% and influenced color parameters, in comparison with conventional treatments. Functional groups kappa and iota, and alginates, were confirmed in both carrageenan fractions. Syneresis behavior was well fitted to a third-degree polynomial equation within days 1 to 6, after which, it reached a plateau. While, the use of ultrasound at room temperature gave carrageenan properties more similar to those of the commercial carrageenan type A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Martín-Del-Campo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Col. Olímpica, Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco México 44430
| | - José Antonio Fermín-Jiménez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Col. Olímpica, Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco México 44430
| | | | - Zazil Yadel Escalante-García
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Col. Olímpica, Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco México 44430
| | - María Esther Macías-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Col. Olímpica, Universidad de Guadalajara Campus CUCEI, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco México 44430
| | - Yokiushirdhilgilmara Estrada-Girón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Col. Olímpica, Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Guadalajara, Jalisco México 44430
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Rudke AR, de Andrade CJ, Ferreira SRS. Kappaphycus alvarezii macroalgae: An unexplored and valuable biomass for green biorefinery conversion. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Aziz E, Batool R, Khan MU, Rauf A, Akhtar W, Heydari M, Rehman S, Shahzad T, Malik A, Mosavat SH, Plygun S, Shariati MA. An overview on red algae bioactive compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2019-0203/jcim-2019-0203.xml. [PMID: 32697756 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To review red algae bioactive compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. Content Seaweed sources are becoming attractive to be used in health and therapeutics. Among these red algae is the largest group containing bioactive compounds utilized in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food industry, manure and various supplements in food formula. Various significant bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides (aginate, agar, and carrageenan), lipids and polyphenols, steroids, glycosides, flavanoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, antheraquinones and cardiac glycosides have been reported in red algae. The red algae have rich nutritional components Different polysaccharides of red algae possess the antiviral potential namely agarans, carrageenan, alginate, fucan, laminaran and naviculan. Sulfated polysaccharides and carraginans of red algae are rich source of soluble fibers which can account for antitumor activities depending upon chemistry of various secondary metabolites and metabolism of cell line. Flavons-3-ols containing catechins from many red algae block the telomerase activity in colon cancer cells. Contraceptive agents were tested from red algae as a source for post-coital. Lectin of red algae showed pro-healing properties and anti-ulcerogenic activities. Carragenates from red algae also conferred a positive influence on diabetes. Red algae depicted a reducing effect on plasma lipids and obesity. Porphyran from red alga can act as anti-hyperlipidemic agent also reduces the apolipoprotein B100 via suppression of lipid synthesis in human liver. Summary The polyphenolic extracts of Laurencia undulate, Melanothamnus afaqhusainii and Solieria robusta extract show anti-inflammatory effects against multiple genera of devastating fungi. Antioxidants such as phlorotannins, ascorbic acids, tocopherols, carotenoids from red algae showed toxicity on some cancer cells without side effects. Red algae Laurencia nipponica was found insecticidal against mosquito larvae. Red algae fibers are very important in laxative and purgative activities. Gracilaria tenuistipitat resisted in agricultural lands polluted with cadmium and copper. Outlook In the recent decades biotechnological applications of red algae has been increased. Polysaccharides derived from red algae are important tool for formulation of drugs delivery system via nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaz Aziz
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College Khanpur, Haripur 22650, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Batool
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Punjab, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Khan
- Bioproducts Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, Richland, 99354, WA, USA
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Mojtaba Heydari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shazia Rehman
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tasmeena Shahzad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Malik
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sergey Plygun
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel, 4051, Switzerland
- Researcher, All Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow Region, 143050, Russia
- Head of laboratory, Laboratory of Biological Control and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Orel City, 302026, Russia
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Laboratory of Biological Control and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Orel City, 302026, Russia
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Yang D, Yang H. The temperature dependent extraction of polysaccharides from eucheuma and the rheological synergistic effect in their mixtures with kappa carrageenan. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hu M, Peng W, Liu Y, Wu N, Zhao C, Xie D, Yan D, Zhang X, Tao X, Wu CJ. Optimum Extraction of Polysaccharide fromAreca catechuUsing Response Surface Methodology and its Antioxidant Activity. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meibian Hu
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Liu
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wu
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Dashuai Xie
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yan
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbao Tao
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- College of Pharmacy; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengdu 610075 People's Republic of China
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Jiang H, Zhang M, Fang Z, Mujumdar AS, Xu B. Effect of different dielectric drying methods on the physic-chemical properties of a starch–water model system. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Scaling law and microstructure of alginate hydrogel. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 135:101-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Heavy Metal Adsorption onto Kappaphycus sp. from Aqueous Solutions: The Use of Error Functions for Validation of Isotherm and Kinetics Models. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:126298. [PMID: 26295032 PMCID: PMC4534600 DOI: 10.1155/2015/126298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biosorption process is a promising technology for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastes and effluents using low-cost and effective biosorbents. In the present study, adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+ onto dried biomass of red seaweed Kappaphycus sp. was investigated as a function of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature. The experimental data were evaluated by four isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich) and four kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models). The adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Functional groups in the biomass involved in metal adsorption process were revealed as carboxylic and sulfonic acids and sulfonate by Fourier transform infrared analysis. A total of nine error functions were applied to validate the models. We strongly suggest the analysis of error functions for validating adsorption isotherm and kinetic models using linear methods. The present work shows that the red seaweed Kappaphycus sp. can be used as a potentially low-cost biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Further study is warranted to evaluate its feasibility for the removal of heavy metals from the real environment.
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Zeng H, Zhang Y, Lin S, Jian Y, Miao S, Zheng B. Ultrasonic–microwave synergistic extraction (UMSE) and molecular weight distribution of polysaccharides from Fortunella margarita (Lour.) Swingle. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zeng H, Zhang Y, Jian Y, Tian Y, Miao S, Zheng B. Rheological Properties, Molecular Distribution, and Microstructure ofFortunella margarita(Lour.) Swingle Polysaccharides. J Food Sci 2015; 80:E742-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univ; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univ; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Yeye Jian
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univ; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Yuting Tian
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univ; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
| | - Song Miao
- Teagasc Food Research Centre; Moorepark Fermoy Co. Cork Ireland
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univ; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
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