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Wang JX, Asano S, Kudo S, Hayashi JI. Deep Delignification of Woody Biomass by Repeated Mild Alkaline Treatments with Pressurized O 2. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29168-29176. [PMID: 33225148 PMCID: PMC7675533 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Delignification is essential in effective utilization of carbohydrates of lignocellulosic biomass. Characteristics of the delignification are important for the yield and property of the resulting carbohydrates. Oxidation with O2 of biomass in alkaline water can potentially produce high-purity cellulose at high yield. The present authors chose a Japanese cedar and investigated its oxidative delignification at 90 °C. The delignification selectivity was determined mainly by the chemical structures of lignin and cellulose. Treatment conditions, except for temperature, hardly changed the relationship between delignification rate and cellulose retention. During the treatment, dissolved lignin underwent chemical condensation in the aqueous phase. This "unfavorable" condensation consumed O2-derived active species, slowing down further delignification. Repeated short-time oxidation with renewal of alkaline water suppressed the condensation, enhancing the delignification. Repetition of 2-h treatments four times achieved 96% delignification, which was 8% higher than a single 8-h treatment at 130 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Wang
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shusaku Asano
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudo
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Transdisciplinary
Research and Education Center of Green Technology, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Hayashi
- Interdisciplinary
Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Transdisciplinary
Research and Education Center of Green Technology, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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Jiang Y, Zeng X, Luque R, Tang X, Sun Y, Lei T, Liu S, Lin L. Cooking with Active Oxygen and Solid Alkali: A Promising Alternative Approach for Lignocellulosic Biorefineries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3982-3993. [PMID: 28691765 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass, a matrix of biopolymers including cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, has gathered increasing attention in recent years for the production of chemicals, fuels, and materials through biorefinery processes owing to its renewability and availability. The fractionation of lignocellulose is considered to be the fundamental step to establish an economical and sustainable lignocellulosic biorefinery. In this Minireview, we summarize a newly developed oxygen delignification for lignocellulose fractionation called cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA), which can fractionate lignocellulose into its constituents and maintain its processable form. In the CAOSA approach, environmentally friendly chemicals are applied instead of undesirable chemicals such as strong alkalis and sulfides. Notably, the alkali recovery for this process promises to be relatively simple and does not require causticizing or sintering. These features make the CAOSA process an alternative for both lignocellulose fractionation and biomass pretreatment. The advantages and challenges of CAOSA are also discussed to provide a comprehensive perspective with respect to existing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetao Jiang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of High-valued Conversion Technology of Agricultural Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Campus de Rabanales, Ctra. Nnal. IV-A, Km 396, E14014, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Xing Tang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of High-valued Conversion Technology of Agricultural Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of High-valued Conversion Technology of Agricultural Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Tingzhou Lei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy, 29 Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, PR China
| | - Shijie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, United States
| | - Lu Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of High-valued Conversion Technology of Agricultural Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
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Novel and diverse fine structures in LiCl-DMSO extracted apple hemicelluloses. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 108:46-57. [PMID: 24751246 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses are key polysaccharides in the regulation of the mechanical properties of plant cell walls during organ development and in fruit texture. Their diverse compositions and structures are partially known, in particular with regard to their function in cell walls. To that end, apple hemicelluloses were sequentially extracted by DMSO doped by LiCl followed by potassium hydroxide. The weakly bounded hemicelluloses in the LiCl-DMSO soluble extract were fractionated by ion exchange (AEC) and size exclusion (SEC) chromatographies. The structure of all the extracts and fractions was established by enzymatic fingerprinting using β-glucanase, β-mannanase and β-xylanase. Molecular weight of the fraction was established by HPSEC. MS as well as HPAEC analyses of the enzyme digests revealed the remarkable diversity of apple hemicelluloses. Different xyloglucan (XyG), galactoglucomannan (GgM) and glucuronoarabinoxylan were isolated along the extraction and fractionation process. All LiCl-DMSO soluble fractions were acetyl-esterified. Besides, the LiCl-DMSO soluble XyG differed from the 4M KOH extracted one essentially on the basis of its molecular weight. At least two populations differing in their content and distribution of glucose and mannose composed GgM. Moreover, galactose ramifications occurred on mannose blocks in the glucose rich fraction. These results open the way for future studies on the complex structure-function relationship of hemicelluloses in plant cell walls.
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