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Li YM, Zhan XM, Hao KX, Zhong RF, Wang DW, Ma SY, Jiang J, Zhu W. A polysaccharide PRCP from Rosa cymosa Tratt fruit: Structural characteristics and immunomodulatory effects via MAPK pathway modulation in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133025. [PMID: 38852737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The Rosa cymosa Tratt, an herbal plant from the Rosaceae family, has historically been valued in China for its medicinal and edible properties. In this study, a novel polysaccharide from R. cymosa fruit, termed PRCP (purified R. cymosa polysaccharide), was isolated using water extraction, decolorization, deproteinization, and ion-exchange chromatography. The structural characteristics of PRCP were investigated using monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation, GPC, FTIR, CD, and NMR spectroscopy. The immunomodulatory effect and potential mechanism of PRCP were evaluated in vitro using a macrophage cell model. Results indicated that PRCP (37.28 kDa) is a highly branched polysaccharide (72.61 %) primarily composed of arabinogalactan, rhamnogalacturonan, and galactoglucan domains with 13 types of glycosidic linkage fragments. Furthermore, PRCP appears to modulate immunomodulatory effects by influencing the phosphorylation of P38 and JNK proteins in the MAPK pathway. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of PRCP as a promising natural functional food ingredient for immunostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Meng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Synthetic Enzymes and Natural Products Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke-Xin Hao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rui-Fang Zhong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 528329, China
| | - Shi-Yu Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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2
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Chen N, Jiang T, Xu J, Xi W, Shang E, Xiao P, Duan JA. The relationship between polysaccharide structure and its antioxidant activity needs to be systematically elucidated. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132391. [PMID: 38761914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have a wide range of applications due to their excellent antioxidant activity. However, the low purity and unclear structure of polysaccharides have led some researchers to be skeptical about the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides. The current reports on the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides are sporadic, so there is an urgent need to systematically summarize the antioxidant effects of polysaccharides with clear structures and the relationships between the structures to provide a scientific basis for the development and application of polysaccharides. This paper will systematically elucidate the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides, including the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage, degree of branching, advanced conformation and chemical modification. For the first time, the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides is related to their chemical structure through histogram and radar map, and further studies using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. We critically discussed how the source, chemical structure and chemically modified groups of polysaccharides significantly contribute to their antioxidant activity and summarized the current research status and shortcomings of the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides. This review provides a theoretical basis and new perspective for further research on the structure-activity relationship of antioxidant polysaccharides and the development of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tingyue Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianxin Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjie Xi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Fu YL, Shi L. Methods of study on conformation of polysaccharides from natural products: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130275. [PMID: 38373563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from natural products play multiple roles and have extensive bioactivities in life process. Bioactivities of polysaccharides (e.g., Lentinan, Schizophyllan, Scleroglucan, Curdlan, Cinerean) have a close relation to their chain conformation. Compared to other types of polysaccharides, the conformation of β-glucan has been studied more. The major research methods of conformation of polysaccharides from natural products (Congo red experiment, circular dichroism spectrum, viscosity method, light scattering method, size exclusion chromatography, atomic force microscope), corresponding experimental schemes, and the external factors affecting polysaccharide conformation were reviewed in this paper. These research methods of conformation have been widely used, among which Congo red experiment and viscosity method are the most convenient ones to study the morphological changes of polysaccharide chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Li Fu
- Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China; School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 529757, Singapore.
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Li J, Li P, Zhang B, Fang J, Zhong W, Ma F. Effect of free radicals on rheological properties, antioxidant activity, and molecular conformation of chitosan under solution pulsed plasma process based on radical scavengers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130260. [PMID: 38368984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Radical scavengers were employed to evaluate the influence of various active species (•OH, •O, and H2O2) on the rheological properties, antioxidant activity, and molecular conformation of chitosan under solution plasma process (SPP) degradation. ESR analysis showed that •OH and •O radicals played important roles in SPP degradation. The results of rheological properties and antioxidant activity indicated that the •OH scavenger (tert-butanol), •O scavenger (1, 4-benzoquinone), and H2O2 scavenger (MnO2) remarkably inhibited the decrease of G' and G" of the degraded chitosan, the formation of gel structure, and the increase of antioxidant activity. The analysis of molecular conformation of the chitosan by particle size analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and high performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (HPSEC-MALLS) revealed that the decrease of particle size, molecular aggregation, and molecular weight of chitosan was inhibited after the addition of radical scavengers. An evident effect of radical scavengers on the hard sphere conformation of chitosan was observed. It was found that the above effects were strongly dependent on the scavenger concentration. These results proved that •OH, •O, and H2O2 played important roles in SPP treatment. For the rheological properties and molecular conformation, H2O2 exhibited the greatest impact. For the antioxidant activity and molecular weight, •OH presented the biggest influence. Besides, •O expressed the weakest effect. This study will be beneficial to reveal the action mechanisms of SPP technology to the degradation of chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Pu Li
- College of art design and architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Baiqing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Weitian Zhong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fengming Ma
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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He X, Tan T, Yang S, Feng Y, Wen Q. Characterisation of an anticomplement polysaccharide BP-S1 from seeds of Brucea javanica. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38189427 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2300399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided purification obtained polysaccharide BP-S1 from seeds of Brucea javanica. The results showed that BP-S1 was a homogenous polysaccharide with molecular weight of 45.7 kDa, mainly composed of arabinose and glucose in the ratio of 1.0:1.0 and the backbone of BP-S1 was deduced to be →3,4)-α-Glup-(1→ with branches of →2)-α-Arap-(1→and α-Arap-(1→, and the possible repetitive units were speculated according to result of methylation and 2D-NMR. Moreover, BP-S1 is a periodic rope-like structure. Functional analysis revealed that BP-S1 inhibited complement activation on the classic and alternative pathways with values of CH50 0.073 ± 0.012 mg/mL and AP50 0.097 ± 0.004 mg/mL, respectively. In mechanism study, using complement component depleted-sera methods indicated that BP-S1 selectively interacted with C3 and C4 components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Ting Tan
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Shilin Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy- Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy- Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan Wen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy- Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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6
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Kou Y, Guo R, Li X, Sun X, Song H, Song L, Guo Y, Song Z, Yuan C, Wu Y. Synthesis, physicochemical and emulsifying properties of OSA-modified tamarind seed polysaccharides with different degrees of substitution. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127102. [PMID: 37769765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Octenyl succinic anhydride modified tamarind seed polysaccharides (OTSPs) with various degrees of substitution were first synthesized and characterized in this work. The structural, solid-state, solution and emulsifying properties of the OTSPs and the effect of the degree of substitution (DS) were investigated. The structural characterization confirmed the successful grafting of the OSA moiety into TSP and the chain extension of the OTSPs. The hydrophobicity of the modified polysaccharide molecules increased, the absolute value of the zeta potential increased, and the thermal stability decreased, which were positively or negatively correlated with the changes in DS. In contrast, the hydrolysis of polysaccharides in alkaline aqueous solution led to a decrease in molar mass and the rigidity of the molecules, which were not significantly related to DS. Particle size analysis showed that OTSPs tended to aggregate into relatively small agglomerates, which was confirmed by the results of morphological analysis. Most importantly, the instability indices of emulsions stabilized by TSP, arabic gum and OSA-starch were 0.521, 0.715, and 0.804, respectively, while for OTSPs this parameter was between 0.04 and 0.19 under the same conditions, indicating better physical stability of the OTSP-stabilized emulsions, especially for OTSP-30. Overall, OTSP has great potential as an emulsifier for oil-in-water emulsions, especially for emulsification and stabilization in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Kou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xujiao Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xianbao Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lihua Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yalong Guo
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zibo Song
- Yunnan Maoduoli Group Food Co., Ltd., Yuxi 653100, China
| | - Chunmei Yuan
- Yunnan Maoduoli Group Food Co., Ltd., Yuxi 653100, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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7
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Fernandes PAR, Coimbra MA. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120965. [PMID: 37173007 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed to act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, and many others of all type of biological sources. The structural features linked to the antioxidant action include the polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, and the occurrence of non-carbohydrate substituents. The establishment of structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor polysaccharides behavior in antioxidant systems. In this sense, this review confronts some basic concepts of polysaccharides chemistry with the current claim of carbohydrates as antioxidants. It critically discusses how the fine structure and properties of polysaccharides can define polysaccharides as antioxidants. Polysaccharides antioxidant action is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, molecular weight, occurrence of positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties and covalently linked phenolic compounds. However, the occurrence of phenolic compounds and protein as contaminants leads to misleading results in methodologies often used for screening and characterization purposes, as well as in vivo models. Despite falling in the concept of antioxidants, the role of polysaccharides must be well defined according with the matrices where they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A R Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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8
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Zhao T, Yang M, Ma L, Liu X, Ding Q, Chai G, Lu Y, Wei H, Zhang S, Ding C. Structural Modification and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides. Molecules 2023; 28:5416. [PMID: 37513287 PMCID: PMC10384959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular substances with a wide range of biological activities. The structural modification of polysaccharides by chemical means can enhance their biological activity. This paper reviews the latest research reports on the chemical modification of natural polysaccharides. At present, the modification methods of polysaccharides mainly include sulfation, phosphorylation, carboxymethylation, socialization, methylation and acetylation. The chemical and physical structures of the modified polysaccharides were detected via ultraviolet spectroscopy, FT-IR, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the modified polysaccharide has various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immune regulation, antiviral, antibacterial and anticoagulant functions in vitro. This review provides fresh ideas for the research and application of polysaccharide structure modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lina Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiteng Ding
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guodong Chai
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hewei Wei
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Hu W, Li P, Guo D, Zhang B, Tao D, Li J, Zhong W, Zang H, Xu Y, Ma F. Effect of solution pulsed plasma process on the degradation and physicochemical properties of pectin. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Zeng W, Chen L, Xiao Z, Li Y, Ma J, Ding J, Yang J. Comparative Study on the Structural Properties and Bioactivities of Three Different Molecular Weights of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020701. [PMID: 36677759 PMCID: PMC9867462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular weight, the triple-helix conformation, the monosaccharide content, the manner of glycosidic linkages, and the polysaccharide conjugates of polysaccharides all affect bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine how different molecular weights affected the bioactivity of the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs). By ethanol-graded precipitation and ultrafiltration membrane separation, one oligosaccharide (LBPs-1, 1.912 kDa) and two polysaccharides (LBPs-2, 7.481 kDa; LBPs-3, 46.239 kDa) were obtained from Lycium barbarum. While the major component of LBPs-1 and LBPs-2 was glucose, the main constituents of LBPs-3 were arabinose, galactose, and glucose. LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 exhibited triple-helix conformations, as evidenced by the Congo red experiment and AFM data. Sugar residues of LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 were elucidated by NMR spectra. The polysaccharides (LBPs-2 and LBPs-3) exhibited much higher antioxidant capacities than oligosaccharide (LBPs-1). LBPs-3 showed higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity than LBPs-2, but a lower capability for scavenging ABTS+ radicals. In zebrafish, LBPs-2 and LBPs-3 boosted the growth of T-lymphocytes and macrophages, enhanced the immunological response, and mitigated the immune damage generated by VTI. In addition to the molecular weight, the results indicated that the biological activities would be the consequence of various aspects, such as the monosaccharide composition ratio, the chemical composition, and the chemical reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, North Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, North Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhihui Xiao
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Ningxia Wuxing Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianlong Ma
- Ningxia Research Center for Natural Medicine Engineering and Technology, Yinchuan 750021, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianbao Ding
- Ningxia Wuxing Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750021, China
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +86-951-6048881 (J.D.); +86-951-2067917 (J.Y.)
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, North Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Research Center for Natural Medicine Engineering and Technology, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (J.Y.); Tel.: +86-951-6048881 (J.D.); +86-951-2067917 (J.Y.)
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11
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Zaitseva OO, Sergushkina MI, Khudyakov AN, Polezhaeva TV, Solomina ON. Seaweed sulfated polysaccharides and their medicinal properties. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Wang B, Yan L, Guo S, Wen L, Yu M, Feng L, Jia X. Structural Elucidation, Modification, and Structure-Activity Relationship of Polysaccharides in Chinese Herbs: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:908175. [PMID: 35669078 PMCID: PMC9163837 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.908175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal polysaccharides (CHPs) are natural polymers composed of monosaccharides, which are widely found in Chinese herbs and work as one of the important active ingredients. Its biological activity is attributed to its complex chemical structure with diverse spatial conformations. However, the structural elucidation is the foundation but a bottleneck problem because the majority of CHPs are heteropolysaccharides with more complex structures. Similarly, the studies on the relationship between structure and function of CHPs are even more scarce. Therefore, this review summarizes the structure-activity relationship of CHPs. Meanwhile, we reviewed the structural elucidation strategies and some new progress especially in the advanced structural analysis methods. The characteristics and applicable scopes of various methods are compared to provide reference for selecting the most efficient method and developing new hyphenated techniques. Additionally, the principle structural modification methods of CHPs and their effects on activity are summarized. The shortcomings, potential breakthroughs, and developing directions of the study of CHPs are discussed. We hope to provide a reference for further research and promote the application of CHPs.
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13
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Effect of pH value and the distance between the electrodes on physicochemical properties of chitosan under SPP treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Kang J, Jia X, Wang N, Xiao M, Song S, Wu S, Li Z, Wang S, Cui SW, Guo Q. Insights into the structure-bioactivity relationships of marine sulfated polysaccharides: A review. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Arokiarajan MS, Thirunavukkarasu R, Joseph J, Ekaterina O, Aruni W. Advance research in biomedical applications on marine sulfated polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:870-881. [PMID: 34843816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Marine ecosystem associated organisms are an affluent source of bioactive compounds. Polysaccharides with unique structural and practical entities have gained special studies interest inside the current biomedical zone. Polysaccharides are the main components of marine algae, plants, animals, insects, and microorganisms. In recent times research on seaweed is more persistent for extraction of natural bioactive "Sulfated polysaccharides" (SPs). The considerable amount of SP exists in the algae in the form of fucans, fucoidans, carrageenans, ulvan, etc. Major function of SPs is to act as a defensive lattice towards the infective organism. All SPs possess the high potential and possess a broad range of therapeutic applications as antitumor, immunomodulatory, vaccine adjuvant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antilipemic, therapy of regenerative medicine, also in drug delivery and tissue engineering application. This review aims to discuss the biomedicine applications of sulfated polysaccharides from marine seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Shamya Arokiarajan
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
| | - Rajasekar Thirunavukkarasu
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India.
| | - Jerrine Joseph
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
| | - Obluchinskaya Ekaterina
- Biochemistry and Technology of Hydrobionts, Murmansk marine biological institute of KSC, RAS, Russia
| | - Wilson Aruni
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
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Antioxidant activity of sulfated Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharides and their regulating effect on calcium oxalate crystal growth. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112338. [PMID: 34474889 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals and the oxidative damage of renal tubular epithelial cells are the key factors to induce kidney stones. In this study, degraded Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharide (PYP0) with 14.14% sulfate group (-OSO3-) content was modified via the sulfur trioxide-pyridine method to obtain three kinds of sulfated P. yezoensis polysaccharides (PYPs), namely, PYPS1, PYPS2, and PYPS3, with -OSO3- group contents of 17.11%, 20.28%, and 27.14% respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analyses showed that the -OSO3- groups replaced the hydroxyl groups at the C2, C4, and C6 positions on (1 → 3)-linked β-D-galactose, the basic structural skeleton unit of PYP0. The antioxidant activity of the PYPSs increased after sulfation, and their scavenging capacity for OH and DPPH free radicals was enhanced with the increase in their -OSO3- group content. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal growth experiments showed that sulfated PYPs promoted the conversion of the thermodynamically stable and sharp CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystals into the thermodynamically unstable and round CaOx dihydrate crystals. With the increase in the -OSO3- group content of the polysaccharides, the concentration of soluble Ca2+ ions in the supernatant increased and the amount of CaOx precipitate decreased. PYPs were nontoxic to human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and could protect HK-2 from oxidative damage caused by nano-COM and reduce the level of reactive oxygen species in cells. PYPS3, which had the highest degree of sulfation, had the best protective capability. The results of this work showed that sulfation improved the biological activity of PYPs. This study could provide inspiration for the development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
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17
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Comparative study of structural properties and biological activities of polysaccharides extracted from Chroogomphus rutilus by four different approaches. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:215-225. [PMID: 34371040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extraction processes significantly alter the structural and functional properties of polysaccharides. In this study, we extracted polysaccharides from Chroogomphis rutilus fruiting bodies (designated as CRP) using four methods, including hot water, ultrasound, microwave and sequential ultrasound-microwave, and designated these polysaccharides as CRP-H, CRP-M, CRP-U and CRP-UM, respectively. All CRPs were heteropolysaccharides with semblable monosaccharide types of glucose, mannose and galactose, mainly constituted of α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4). The extraction processes significantly affected the molecular weights, monosaccharide proportions, glycosidic bond ratios, branching degrees, triple-helix conformation and surface morphology of the CRPs. Among them, CRP-UM showed the highest yield and most potent antioxidative capacity in vitro and in HL-7702 cells, but the weakest activation of immunostimulatory response in RAW264.7 cells. In contrast, CRP-H exhibited the lowest yield but strongest immunostimulatory activity. Overall, microwave extraction could be utilized as a general and practical CRP extraction approach, based on its relatively high yield and bioactivities.
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18
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Xia S, Zhai Y, Wang X, Fan Q, Dong X, Chen M, Han T. Phosphorylation of polysaccharides: A review on the synthesis and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:946-954. [PMID: 34182000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are macromolecules obtained from a wide range of sources and are known to have diverse biological activities. The biological activities of polysaccharides depend on their structure and physicochemical properties, including water solubility, monosaccharide composition, degree of branching, molecular structure, and molecular weight. Phosphorylation is a commonly used chemical modification method that improves the physicochemical properties of native polysaccharides, thus enhancing their biological activity, or even imparting novel biological activity. Therefore, phosphorylated polysaccharides have attracted increasing attention owing to their antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective effects. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the phosphorylation of polysaccharides, and the methods used for phosphorylation, structural characterization, and determination of biological activities, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of polysaccharides. The structure-activity relationship of phosphorylated polysaccharides and their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yongcong Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Qirui Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Mei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Tao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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19
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Guo R, Li X, Ma X, Sun X, Kou Y, Zhang J, Li D, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wu Y. Macromolecular and thermokinetic properties of a galactomannan from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds: A study of molecular aggregation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117890. [PMID: 33838792 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular aggregation of a galactomannan (NSAP-25) from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds was investigated, where three polydisperse systems were confirmed during particle size analysis, indicating existence of different aggregates composed of random coil chains revealed by circular dichroism. Morphologically, NSAP-25 aggregate of various sizes (200-1200 nm) was possibly multi-stranded and formed by ellipsoid-like particles (20-60 nm) composed of compact coil chain, exhibiting extended amorphous structure with chain-like branches intertwined. Hence, NSAP-25 aggregation was inevitable, which exerted an unignorable effect on augmenting flexibility (β↓, γ↓, α↓ and Lp/ML↓) and compactness (ρ↓, df↑ and C∞↓) of branched random coil chain based on macromolecular analysis, especially when concentration increased. Moreover, it could be relevant to thermokinetic behavior of random nucleation and subsequent growth (A2 model and negative ΔS*) as well as good thermal stability (IPDT, ITS, t0.05, Tm and Tp), thus conferring potential applications for NSAP-25 in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xujiao Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianda Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianbao Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuxing Kou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun'ai Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Deshun Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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20
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Abu Bakar MH, Azeman NH, Mobarak NN, Mokhtar MHH, A Bakar AA. Effect of Active Site Modification towards Performance Enhancement in Biopolymer κ-Carrageenan Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2040. [PMID: 32911662 PMCID: PMC7564788 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This research demonstrates a one-step modification process of biopolymer carrageenan active sites through functional group substitution in κ-carrageenan structures. The modification process improves the electronegative properties of κ-carrageenan derivatives, leading to enhancement of the material's performance. Synthesized succinyl κ-carrageenan with a high degree of substitution provides more active sites for interaction with analytes. The FTIR analysis of succinyl κ-carrageenan showed the presence of new peaks at 1068 cm-1, 1218 cm-1, and 1626 cm-1 that corresponded to the vibrations of C-O and C=O from the carbonyl group. A new peak at 2.86 ppm in 1H NMR represented the methyl proton neighboring with C=O. The appearance of new peaks at 177.05 and 177.15 ppm in 13C NMR proves the substitution of the succinyl group in the κ-carrageenan structure. The elemental analysis was carried out to calculate the degree of substitution with the highest value of 1.78 at 24 h of reaction. The XRD diffractogram of derivatives exhibited a higher degree of crystallinity compared to pristine κ-carrageenan at 23.8% and 9.2%, respectively. Modification of κ-carrageenan with a succinyl group improved its interaction with ions and the conductivity of the salt solution compared to its pristine form. This work has a high potential to be applied in various applications such as sensors, drug delivery, and polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hafiz Abu Bakar
- Photonics Technology Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.A.B.); (M.H.H.M.)
| | - Nur Hidayah Azeman
- Photonics Technology Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.A.B.); (M.H.H.M.)
| | - Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar
- Photonics Technology Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.A.B.); (M.H.H.M.)
| | - Ahmad Ashrif A Bakar
- Photonics Technology Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.H.A.B.); (M.H.H.M.)
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21
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Lactobacillus exopolysaccharides: New perspectives on engineering strategies, physiochemical functions, and immunomodulatory effects on host health. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Preparation, characterization and antioxidant activities of derivatives of exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:1008-1017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Zhong Q, Wei B, Wang S, Ke S, Chen J, Zhang H, Wang H. The Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Derived from Marine Organisms: An Overview. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E674. [PMID: 31795427 PMCID: PMC6950075 DOI: 10.3390/md17120674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived antioxidant polysaccharides have aroused extensive attention because of their potential nutritional and therapeutic benefits. However, the comprehensive comparison of identified marine-derived antioxidant polysaccharides is still inaccessible, which would facilitate the discovery of more efficient antioxidants from marine organisms. Thus, this review summarizes the sources, chemical composition, structural characteristics, and antioxidant capacity of marine antioxidant polysaccharides, as well as their protective in vivo effects mediated by antioxidative stress reported in the last few years (2013-2019), and especially highlights the dominant role of marine algae as antioxidant polysaccharide source. In addition, the relationships between the chemical composition and structural characteristics of marine antioxidant polysaccharides with their antioxidant capacity were also discussed. The antioxidant activity was found to be determined by multiple factors, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, sulfate position and its degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwu Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sijia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Rehabilitation Building 32-21, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Songze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jianwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Huawei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
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24
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Huang L, Shen M, Morris GA, Xie J. Sulfated polysaccharides: Immunomodulation and signaling mechanisms. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Xu Y, Cui Y, Yue F, Liu L, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria: Structures, physiochemical functions and applications in the food industry. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Ren Y, Bai Y, Zhang Z, Cai W, Del Rio Flores A. The Preparation and Structure Analysis Methods of Natural Polysaccharides of Plants and Fungi: A Review of Recent Development. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173122. [PMID: 31466265 PMCID: PMC6749352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are ubiquitous biomolecules found in nature that contain various biological and pharmacological activities that are employed in functional foods and therapeutic agents. Natural polysaccharides are obtained mainly by extraction and purification, which may serve as reliable procedures to enhance the quality and the yield of polysaccharide products. Moreover, structural analysis of polysaccharides proves to be promising and crucial for elucidating structure–activity relationships. Therefore, this report summarizes the recent developments and applications in extraction, separation, purification, and structural analysis of polysaccharides of plants and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China.
| | - Yueping Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Wenlong Cai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Antonio Del Rio Flores
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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27
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Chemically modified polysaccharides: Synthesis, characterization, structure activity relationships of action. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:970-977. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Zhao G, Zhai X, Qu M, Tong C, Li W. Sulfated modification of the polysaccharides from Crassostrea gigas and their antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities through metabolomics analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:386-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Zhang Z, Wang H, Chen T, Zhang H, Liang J, Kong W, Yao J, Zhang J, Wang J. Synthesis and structure characterization of sulfated galactomannan from fenugreek gum. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:1184-1191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Caputo HE, Straub JE, Grinstaff MW. Design, synthesis, and biomedical applications of synthetic sulphated polysaccharides. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2338-2365. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00593h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the synthetic methods to sulphated polysaccharides, describes their compositional and structural diversity in regards to activity, and showcases their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Chemistry
- Boston University
- Boston
- USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
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31
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Minzanova ST, Mironov VF, Arkhipova DM, Khabibullina AV, Mironova LG, Zakirova YM, Milyukov VA. Biological Activity and Pharmacological Application of Pectic Polysaccharides: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1407. [PMID: 30961332 PMCID: PMC6401843 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin is a polymer with a core of alternating α-1,4-linked d-galacturonic acid and α-1,2-l-rhamnose units, as well as a variety of neutral sugars such as arabinose, galactose, and lesser amounts of other sugars. Currently, native pectins have been compared to modified ones due to the development of natural medicines and health products. In this review, the results of a study of the bioactivity of pectic polysaccharides, including its various pharmacological applications, such as its immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antioxidant and antitumor activities, have been summarized. The potential of pectins to contribute to the enhancement of drug delivery systems has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima T Minzanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Vladimir F Mironov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Daria M Arkhipova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Anna V Khabibullina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Lubov G Mironova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Yulia M Zakirova
- Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan University, KFU, Kazan 420008, Russia.
| | - Vasili A Milyukov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia.
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32
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Sun Y, Hou S, Song S, Zhang B, Ai C, Chen X, Liu N. Impact of acidic, water and alkaline extraction on structural features, antioxidant activities of Laminaria japonica polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:985-995. [PMID: 29447968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study comparatively evaluated the effects of different extraction methods on yield, structural features and antioxidant activities of Laminaria japonica (L. japonica) polysaccharides. Results showed that acid, water and alkaline extracted L. japonica polysaccharides (LJP-CA, LJP-W and LJP-A, respectively) differed significantly. Among three polysaccharides, LJP-W showed the highest viscosity with high uronic acid content and average molecular weight, whereas LJP-CA showed the lowest viscosity with low uronic acid and high sulfate content with moderate average molecular weight. LJP-CA was mainly composed of fucose, mannose and galactose, but the proportion of glucose was greatly increased in LJP-W and LJP-A. LJP-W had an even and smooth sheet-like appearance, while LJP-CA and LJP-A exhibited irregular and rough fragments or particles with stronger antioxidant activities. These results suggest that acid and alkali would propose an improved process for polysaccharide preparation from L. japonica and to exploit its potential application as a functional ingredient in food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
| | - Shuting Hou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
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33
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Li Q, Zhang F, Chen G, Chen Y, Zhang W, Mao G, Zhao T, Zhang M, Yang L, Wu X. Purification, characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:1293-1303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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34
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Xu Y, Gao Y, Liu F, Niu X, Wang L, Li X, Chen H, Yang Y. Sulfated modification of the polysaccharides from blackcurrant and their antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:1344-1354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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35
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Wang J, Bao A, Wang Q, Guo H, Zhang Y, Liang J, Kong W, Yao J, Zhang J. Sulfation can enhance antitumor activities of Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharide in vitro and vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:502-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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SHI CHENSHAN, SANG YAXIN, SUN GUIQING, LI TIANYE, GONG ZHENGSI, WANG XIANGHONG. Characterization and bioactivities of a novel polysaccharide obtained from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:175-189. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - GUI-QING SUN
- Hebei Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, China
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37
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Microwave-assisted synthesis, structure and anti-tumor activity of selenized Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:1108-1118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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38
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Li J, Yuan P, Wang X, Aipire A, Li M, Yang J, Tao H, Ying T, Fu C, Wei X, Zhang F, Li J. Purification, characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Pleurotus ferulae. Food Funct 2017; 8:1905-1914. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus ferulae polysaccharides promote the maturation of dendritic cells.
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39
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Wang ZB, Chen BB, Luo L, Yan JK. Fractionation, physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from Pueraria lobata roots. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Structure formation in pH-sensitive hydrogels composed of sodium caseinate and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 89:353-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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Zhang J, Cao Y, Wang J, Guo X, Zheng Y, Zhao W, Mei X, Guo T, Yang Z. Physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of the exopolysaccharide and its sulphated polymer from Streptococcus thermophilus GST-6. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:368-75. [PMID: 27112886 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Streptococcus thermophilus GST-6 in skim milk was extracted and purified. The EPS was composed of glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.80:1.03 with identical primary structure to the EPS from S. thermophilus ST1 reported previously. The purified EPS was sulphated at a sulphonation degree of 0.26±0.03, and presence of sulphate groups in the sulphated EPS (SEPS) was confirmed. Microstructural studies demonstrated a porous web with coarse surface for the EPS while the SEPS appeared as stacked flakes with relatively uniform shapes. Sulphonation of the EPS slightly decreased its degrading temperature from 234.6°C to 232.5°C. The DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activities of the EPS were significantly (P<0.05) improved after sulphonation. The SEPS also showed stronger inhibitory activity than the EPS against Eschericia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongqiang Cao
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ji Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xialei Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wen Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xueyang Mei
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ting Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
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42
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Xie JH, Wang ZJ, Shen MY, Nie SP, Gong B, Li HS, Zhao Q, Li WJ, Xie MY. Sulfated modification, characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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43
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Regioselective sulfation of Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharide: Solution conformation and antioxidant activities in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:527-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Wang ZJ, Xie JH, Shen MY, Tang W, Wang H, Nie SP, Xie MY. Carboxymethylation of polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus and their characterization and antioxidant properties evaluation. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:988-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Wang J, Yang W, Wang J, Wang X, Wu F, Yao J, Zhang J, Lei Z. Regioselective sulfation of Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharide: Characterization of chemical structure. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 133:320-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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46
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Li S, Xiong Q, Lai X, Li X, Wan M, Zhang J, Yan Y, Cao M, Lu L, Guan J, Zhang D, Lin Y. Molecular Modification of Polysaccharides and Resulting Bioactivities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015; 15:237-250. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
- Affiliated Huaian Hospital; Xuzhou Medical College; Huaian 223002 Jiangsu PR China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- College of Life Science and Chemical Engineering; Huaiyin Inst. of Technology; Huaian 223003 Jiangsu PR China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
- Research Inst. of Mathematical Engineering; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine in Dongguan; Dongguan 523808 Guangdong PR China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Life Science and Chemical Engineering; Huaiyin Inst. of Technology; Huaian 223003 Jiangsu PR China
| | - Mianjie Wan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Jingnian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Yajuan Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Man Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Lun Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Jiemin Guan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
- Research Inst. of Mathematical Engineering; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine in Dongguan; Dongguan 523808 Guangdong PR China
| | - Danyan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong PR China
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47
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Lei N, Wang M, Zhang L, Xiao S, Fei C, Wang X, Zhang K, Zheng W, Wang C, Yang R, Xue F. Effects of Low Molecular Weight Yeast β-Glucan on Antioxidant and Immunological Activities in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:21575-90. [PMID: 26370978 PMCID: PMC4613268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160921575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the antioxidant and immune effects of low molecular yeast β-glucan on mice, three sulfated glucans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (sGSCs) with different molecular weight (MW) and degrees of sulfation (DS) were prepared. The structures of the sGSCs were analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography-gel permeation chromatography (HPLC-GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). sGSC1, sGSC2, and sGSC3 had MW of 12.9, 16.5 and 19.2 kDa, respectively, and DS of 0.16, 0.24 and 0.27, respectively. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and immunological activities of the sGSCs. In vitro experiment, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities were determined. In vivo experiment, 50 male BALB/c mice were divided into five groups. The sGSC1, sGSC2 and sGSC3 treatment groups received the corresponding sGSCs at 50 mg/kg/day each. The GSC (glucans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) treatment group received 50 mg/kg/day GSC. The normal control group received equal volume of physiological saline solution. All treatments were administered intragastrically for 14 day. Results showed that sGSC1, sGSC2 and sGSC3 can scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals in vitro. The strength of the radical scavenging effects of the sGSCs was in the order of sGSC1 > sGSC2 > sGSC3. Oral administration of sGSC1 significantly improved serum catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in mice. sGSC1 significantly improved the spleen and thymus indexes and the lymphocyte proliferation, effectively enhanced the percentage of CD4⁺ T cells, decreased the percentage of CD8⁺ T cells, and elevated the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio. sGSC1 significantly promoted the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ. These results indicate that sGSC1 with low MW and DS has better antioxidant and immunological activities than the other sGSCs, and sGSC1 could be used as a new antioxidant and immune-enhancing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Sui Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Chengzhong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Keyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Wenli Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Ruile Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Feiqun Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
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48
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Liu C, Chen J, Li E, Fan Q, Wang D, Li P, Li X, Chen X, Qiu S, Gao Z, Li H, Hu Y. The comparison of antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CP) and sulfated CP. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 24:299-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Wang J, Yang W, Yang T, Zhang X, Zuo Y, Tian J, Yao J, Zhang J, Lei Z. Catalytic synthesis of sulfated polysaccharides I: Characterization of chemical structure. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 74:61-7. [PMID: 25499892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, sulfated derivatives of Artemisia sphaerocephala polysaccharide (SASP) with high degree of substitution (DS) were synthesized by using 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)/dimethylcyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as catalyst in homogeneous conditions. It was found that DMAP/DCC showed marked improvement in DS of sulfated samples. Compared to sulfated derivatives without catalyst, the DS of SASP increased from 0.91 to 1.28 with an increment in dosage of DMAP from 0 to 10 mg. The influence of DMAP/DCC on the DS of sulfated derivatives was depended on the content of DMAP. The effect of DMAP might be due to its strong coordination to the hydroxy group. The results of FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that SO3- group (S6+, binding energy of 172.3 eV) was widely present in sulfated polysaccharide molecules. 13C NMR results indicated that C-6 substitution was predominant for sulfated polysaccharide when compared with other positions. In the sulfation reaction, a sharp decrease in MW was observed. DMAP/DCC was an effective catalyst system in sulfated modification of polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Yang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Yang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaonuo Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Zuo
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia Tian
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Yao
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Bioactive Products Engineering Research Center for Gansu Distinctive Plants, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Optimization of reaction conditions by RSM and structure characterization of sulfated locust bean gum. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 114:375-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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