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Ibieta G, Bustos AS, Ortiz-Sempértegui J, Linares-Pastén JA, Peñarrieta JM. Molecular characterization of a galactomannan extracted from Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) seeds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21893. [PMID: 38081901 PMCID: PMC10713622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tara gum (TG) is a polysaccharide extracted from the seeds of a South American tree called Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa). TG is a galactomannan with many applications in the food industry, mainly as an emulsifier and stabilizer agent. In addition, it is also used in the paper and cosmetic industries. In the present study, we performed a molecular characterization based on chemical composition and physicochemical properties to understand the properties behind TG applications. TG was extracted and purified from Tara seeds distributed in different ecoregions of Bolivia. The monosaccharide composition analysis was determined by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography/pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). At the same time, their molecular characteristics, such as molar mass, root-mean-square radius, hydrodynamic radius, conformation, and densities, were studied by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering refractive index (AF4-MALS-dRI), also the specific refractive index increment (dn/dc) was determined for the first time using AF4 for TG. The results revealed that the gum samples are galactomannans composed of mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal) in a ratio of 3.37 (Man/Gal), with an average molar mass range from 2.460 × 107 to 3.699 × 107 Da, distributed in a single population. The root-mean-square radius range from 260.4 to 281.6 nm, and dn/dc is 0.1454. The Kratky plots based on 14 scattering angles indicated that the conformation of all samples corresponds to random coil monodisperse, while their gyration radius/hydrodynamic radius ratio (ρ) is high. All these results suggest that the chains have a low branched density, consistent with the Gal/Man composition. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time an integrated physicochemical study of TG relevant to developing emulsifier and stabilizer formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ibieta
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, PO Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220, La Paz, Bolivia.
| | - Atma-Sol Bustos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Jimena Ortiz-Sempértegui
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, PO Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Javier A Linares-Pastén
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, PO Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Mauricio Peñarrieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220, La Paz, Bolivia
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Passos AAC, Lovera M, Bastos MDSR, Maciel JDS, Sombra VG, Braga RC, Monteiro Moreira ACDO, Moreira RDA. Low‐viscosity dietary fiber production by enzymatic hydrolysis of galactomannan from
Caesalpinia pulcherrima
seeds: Optimization and physicochemical characterization. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mighay Lovera
- Instituto de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela
| | | | - Jeanny da Silva Maciel
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | | | - Renata Chastinet Braga
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará Limoeiro do Norte Brazil
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Guo R, Li X, Ma X, Sun X, Kou Y, Zhang J, Li D, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wu Y. Macromolecular and thermokinetic properties of a galactomannan from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds: A study of molecular aggregation. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 262:117890. [PMID: 33838792 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular aggregation of a galactomannan (NSAP-25) from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds was investigated, where three polydisperse systems were confirmed during particle size analysis, indicating existence of different aggregates composed of random coil chains revealed by circular dichroism. Morphologically, NSAP-25 aggregate of various sizes (200-1200 nm) was possibly multi-stranded and formed by ellipsoid-like particles (20-60 nm) composed of compact coil chain, exhibiting extended amorphous structure with chain-like branches intertwined. Hence, NSAP-25 aggregation was inevitable, which exerted an unignorable effect on augmenting flexibility (β↓, γ↓, α↓ and Lp/ML↓) and compactness (ρ↓, df↑ and C∞↓) of branched random coil chain based on macromolecular analysis, especially when concentration increased. Moreover, it could be relevant to thermokinetic behavior of random nucleation and subsequent growth (A2 model and negative ΔS*) as well as good thermal stability (IPDT, ITS, t0.05, Tm and Tp), thus conferring potential applications for NSAP-25 in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xujiao Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianda Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianbao Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yuxing Kou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun'ai Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Deshun Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Passos AAC, Teixeira Sá DMA, Andrade PL, Barreto JJS, dos Santos NL, das Chagas RMM, de Brito Alves T, Chaves MJL, da Silva Maciel J, do Egito AS, de Azevedo Moreira R, Braga RC. Partially hydrolyzed galactomannan from Adenanthera pavonina seeds used as stabilizer, fat substitute, and food fiber source for mousses. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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de Carvalho MM, Noseda MD, Dallagnol JC, Ferreira LG, Ducatti DR, Gonçalves AG, de Freitas RA, Duarte MER. Conformational analysis of ulvans from Ulva fasciata and their anticoagulant polycarboxylic derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:599-608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Souza-Moreira TM, Queiroz-Fernandes GM, Pietro RCLR. Stryphnodendron Species Known as "Barbatimão": A Comprehensive Report. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040910. [PMID: 29662029 PMCID: PMC6017227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stryphnodendron spp., popularly known as "barbatimão", is the native Brazilian tree most often employed to treat wounds and infections. The aim of the present study was to highlight the importance of S. adstringens, as well as other Stryphnodendron species recognized as "barbatimão", to human health, depicting the relevance of ethnopharmacological knowledge to scientific evidence for uses, related chemical compounds, development of pharmaceutical formulations, and the establishment of toxicity parameters. For this purpose, the literature databases PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, CAPES Thesis and Google Scholar were searched until 2017. It was observed that stem bark was the primary part of the plant used, mainly as a decoction, for wound healing and treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders. Confirmed biological activities, including wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, were related to the presence of compounds from tannin class, mostly proanthocyanidins. Toxicity parameters for stem bark were inconclusive, but toxicity was observed to a significant extent when seeds were ingested by cattle or other animals. Due to these important and confirmed biological activities, government policy encourages the phytotherapic use of S. adstringens, and some formulations with stem bark extracts were developed and patented. Furthermore, antiprotozoal, hypoglycemic and antiviral activities were identified as promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M Souza-Moreira
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, km 1, Araraquara 14800-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Rosemeire C L R Pietro
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, km 1, Araraquara 14800-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Isolation and characterization of galactomannans from Prosopis affinis as potential gum substitutes. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Extraction, purification and structural characterization of a galactoglucomannan from the gabiroba fruit (Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg), Myrtaceae family. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:887-895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kurt A, Kahyaoglu T. Purification of glucomannan from salep: Part 2. Structural characterization. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 169:406-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kurt A, Kahyaoglu T. Purification of glucomannan from salep: Part 1. Detailed rheological characteristics. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 168:138-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Layer-by-layer polysaccharide-coated liposomes for sustained delivery of epidermal growth factor. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 140:129-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Guo R, Cao N, Wu Y, Wu J. Optimized extraction and molecular characterization of polysaccharides from Sophora alopecuroides L. seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:231-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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