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Grinberg VY, Burova TV, Grinberg NV, Dubovik AS, Tikhonov VE, Moskalets AP, Orlov VN, Plashchina IG, Khokhlov AR. Chitosan polyplexes: Energetics of formation and conformational changes in DNA upon binding and release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126265. [PMID: 37567527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Energetics of chitosan (CS) polyplexes and conformational stability of bound DNA were studied at pH 5.0 by ITC and HS-DSC, respectively. The CS-DNA binding isotherm was well approximated by the McGhee-von Hippel model suggesting the binding mechanism to be a cooperative attachment of interacting CS ligands to the DNA matrix. Melting thermograms of polyplexes revealed the transformation of different conformational forms of bound DNA in dependence on the CS/DNA weight ratio rw. At 0
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerij Y Grinberg
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana V Burova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Grinberg
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Dubovik
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir E Tikhonov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander P Moskalets
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Victor N Orlov
- A.N. Belozerskij Institute of Physico-chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyevy Gory, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina G Plashchina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin St. 4, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei R Khokhlov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Physics Department, Vorobyevy Gory, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Chun T, MacCalman T, Dinu V, Ottino S, Phillips-Jones MK, Harding SE. Hydrodynamic Compatibility of Hyaluronic Acid and Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide as Ocular Mucin Supplements. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102272. [PMID: 33023220 PMCID: PMC7599781 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been commonly used in eyedrop formulations due to its viscous lubricating properties even at low concentration, acting as a supplement for ocular mucin (principally MUC5AC) which diminishes with aging in a condition known as Keratoconjunctivitis sicca or “dry eye”. A difficulty has been its short residence time on ocular surfaces due to ocular clearance mechanisms which remove the polysaccharide almost immediately. To prolong its retention time, tamarind seed gum polysaccharide (TSP) is mixed as a helper biopolymer with HA. Here we look at the hydrodynamic characteristics of HA and TSP (weight average molar mass Mw and viscosity η) and then explore the compatibility of these polymers, including the possibility of potentially harmful aggregation effects. The research is based on a novel combination of three methods: sedimentation velocity in the analytical ultracentrifuge (SV-AUC), size-exclusion chromatography coupled to multiangle light scattering (SEC-MALS) and capillary viscometry. HA and TSP were found to have Mw=(680±30) kg/mol and (830±30) kg/mol respectively, and η=1475±30 ml/g and 675±20 ml/g, respectively. The structure of HA ranges from a rodlike molecule at lower molar masses changing to a random coil for Mw > 800 kg/mol, based on the Mark–Houwink–Kuhn–Sakurada (MHKS) coefficient. TSP, by contrast, is a random coil across the range of molar masses. For the mixed HA-TSP systems, SEC-MALS indicates a weak interaction. However, sedimentation coefficient (s) distributions obtained from SV-AUC measurements together with intrinsic viscosity demonstrated no evidence of any significant aggregation phenomenon, reassuring in terms of eye-drop formulation technology involving these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewoo Chun
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (T.C.); (T.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Thomas MacCalman
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (T.C.); (T.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Vlad Dinu
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (T.C.); (T.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Sara Ottino
- Farmigea S.P.A, Via G.B. Oliva, 6/8 - 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Mary K. Phillips-Jones
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (T.C.); (T.M.); (V.D.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.P.-J.); (S.E.H)
| | - Stephen E. Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics (NCMH), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (T.C.); (T.M.); (V.D.)
- Cultural History Museum, University of Oslo, Postboks 6762, St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence: (M.K.P.-J.); (S.E.H)
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Kang Y, Ji X, Bo S, Liu Y, Pasch H. Chromatographic mode transition from size exclusion to slalom chromatography as observed for chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 235:115950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Incentives of Using the Hydrodynamic Invariant and Sedimentation Parameter for the Study of Naturally- and Synthetically-Based Macromolecules in Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020277. [PMID: 32023874 PMCID: PMC7077371 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interrelation of experimental rotational and translational hydrodynamic friction data as a basis for the study of macromolecules in solution represents a useful attempt for the verification of hydrodynamic information. Such interrelation originates from the basic development of colloid and macromolecular science and has proven to be a powerful tool for the study of naturally- and synthetically-based, i.e., artificial, macromolecules. In this tutorial review, we introduce this very basic concept with a brief historical background, the governing physical principles, and guidelines for anyone making use of it. This is because very often data to determine such an interrelation are available and it only takes a set of simple equations for it to be established. We exemplify this with data collected over recent years, focused primarily on water-based macromolecular systems and with relevance for pharmaceutical applications. We conclude with future incentives and opportunities for verifying an advanced design and tailored properties of natural/synthetic macromolecular materials in a dispersed or dissolved manner, i.e., in solution. Particular importance for the here outlined concept emanates from the situation that the classical scaling relationships of Kuhn-Mark-Houwink-Sakurada, most frequently applied in macromolecular science, are fulfilled, once the hydrodynamic invariant and/or sedimentation parameter are established. However, the hydrodynamic invariant and sedimentation parameter concept do not require a series of molar masses for their establishment and can help in the verification of a sound estimation of molar mass values of macromolecules.
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Chaturvedi SK, Sagar V, Zhao H, Wistow G, Schuck P. Measuring Ultra-Weak Protein Self-Association by Non-ideal Sedimentation Velocity. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2990-2996. [PMID: 30668114 PMCID: PMC6385077 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
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Ultra-weak self-association can govern
the macroscopic solution
behavior of concentrated macromolecular solutions ranging from food
products to pharmaceutical formulations and the cytosol. For example,
it can promote dynamic assembly of multi-protein signaling complexes,
lead to intracellular liquid–liquid phase transitions, and
seed crystallization or pathological aggregates. Unfortunately, weak
self-association is technically extremely difficult to study, as it
requires very high protein concentrations where short intermolecular
distances cause strongly correlated particle motion. Additionally,
protein samples near their solubility limit in vitro frequently show some degree of polydispersity. Here we exploit the
strong mass-dependent separation of assemblies in the centrifugal
field to study ultra-weak binding, using a sedimentation velocity
technique that allows us to determine particle size distributions
while accounting for colloidal hydrodynamic interactions and thermodynamic
non-ideality (Chaturvedi, S. K.; et al. Nat. Commun.2018, 9, 4415; DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06902-x). We show that this approach, applied to self-associating proteins,
can reveal a time-average association state for rapidly reversible
self-associations from which the free energy of binding can be derived.
The method is label-free and allows studying mid-sized proteins at
millimolar protein concentrations in a wide range of solution conditions.
We examine the performance of this method with hen egg lysozyme as
a model system, reproducing its well-known ionic-strength-dependent
weak self-association. The application to chicken γS-crystallin
reveals weak monomer–dimer self-association with KD = 24 mM, corresponding to a standard free energy change
of approximately −9 kJ/mol, which is a large contribution to
the delicate balance of forces ensuring eye lens transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Chaturvedi
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics , National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Vatsala Sagar
- Section on Molecular Structure and Functional Genomics, National Eye Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Huaying Zhao
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics , National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Graeme Wistow
- Section on Molecular Structure and Functional Genomics, National Eye Institute , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Peter Schuck
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics , National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
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Kang Y, Wu X, Ji X, Bo S, Liu Y. Strategy to improve the characterization of chitosan by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi angle laser light scattering. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Controlled depolymerisation assessed by analytical ultracentrifugation of low molecular weight chitosan for use in archaeological conservation. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2018; 47:769-775. [PMID: 29550902 PMCID: PMC6182601 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-018-1290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneity and molecular weight of a chitosan of low molecular weight (molar mass) and low degree of acetylation (0.1) for potential use as a consolidant for decayed archaeological wood were examined by sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium in the analytical ultracentrifuge before and after depolymerisation. Sedimentation velocity before depolymerisation revealed a uniform distribution of sedimentation coefficient with little concentration dependence. SEDFIT-MSTAR analysis revealed a weight average molecular weight Mw of (14.2 ± 1.2) kDa, and polydispersity index of ~ 1.2. Further analysis using MULTISIG revealed a distribution of material between 2 and 20 kDa and consistent with the weight average Mw. Controlled depolymerisation using hydrogen peroxide and ultra-violet radiation in an acetic acid medium reduced this to (4.9 ± 0.7) kDa, with a similar polydispersity. The depolymerised material appears to be within the range that has been predicted to fully penetrate into archaeological wood. The consequences for this finding and the use of the analytical ultracentrifuge in wood conservation strategies are considered.
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The Use of Polymer and Surfactants for the Microencapsulation and Emulsion Stabilization. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mutaliyeva B, Grigoriev D, Madybekova G, Sharipova A, Aidarova S, Saparbekova A, Miller R. Microencapsulation of insulin and its release using w/o/w double emulsion method. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Chaturvedi SK, Zhao H, Schuck P. Sedimentation of Reversibly Interacting Macromolecules with Changes in Fluorescence Quantum Yield. Biophys J 2017; 112:1374-1382. [PMID: 28402880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation with fluorescence detection has emerged as a powerful method for the study of interacting systems of macromolecules. It combines picomolar sensitivity with high hydrodynamic resolution, and can be carried out with photoswitchable fluorophores for multicomponent discrimination, to determine the stoichiometry, affinity, and shape of macromolecular complexes with dissociation equilibrium constants from picomolar to micromolar. A popular approach for data interpretation is the determination of the binding affinity by isotherms of weight-average sedimentation coefficients sw. A prevailing dogma in sedimentation analysis is that the weight-average sedimentation coefficient from the transport method corresponds to the signal- and population-weighted average of all species. We show that this does not always hold true for systems that exhibit significant signal changes with complex formation-properties that may be readily encountered in practice, e.g., from a change in fluorescence quantum yield. Coupled transport in the reaction boundary of rapidly reversible systems can make significant contributions to the observed migration in a way that cannot be accounted for in the standard population-based average. Effective particle theory provides a simple physical picture for the reaction-coupled migration process. On this basis, we develop a more general binding model that converges to the well-known form of sw with constant signals, but can account simultaneously for hydrodynamic cotransport in the presence of changes in fluorescence quantum yield. We believe this will be useful when studying interacting systems exhibiting fluorescence quenching, enhancement, or Förster resonance energy transfer with transport methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Chaturvedi
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Huaying Zhao
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter Schuck
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Narenji M, Talaee M, Moghimi H. Investigating the effects of size, charge, viscosity and bilayer flexibility on liposomal delivery under convective flow. Int J Pharm 2016; 513:88-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Skorik YA, Petrova VA, Okatova OV, Strelina IA, Gasilova ER. Characterization of Clusters and Unimers in Associating Solutions of Chitosan by Dynamic and Static Light Scattering. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yury A. Skorik
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 31 Bolshoy pr St.-Petersburg 199004 Russian Federation
- St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy; 14 Prof. Popov Str St.-Petersburg 197022 Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A. Petrova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 31 Bolshoy pr St.-Petersburg 199004 Russian Federation
| | - Olga V. Okatova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 31 Bolshoy pr St.-Petersburg 199004 Russian Federation
| | - Irina A. Strelina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 31 Bolshoy pr St.-Petersburg 199004 Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina R. Gasilova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 31 Bolshoy pr St.-Petersburg 199004 Russian Federation
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Harding SE, Gillis RB, Almutairi F, Erten T, Kök MŞ, Adams GG. Recent advances in the analysis of macromolecular interactions using the matrix-free method of sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge. BIOLOGY 2015; 4:237-50. [PMID: 25756246 PMCID: PMC4381228 DOI: 10.3390/biology4010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Sedimentation in the analytical ultracentrifuge is a matrix free solution technique with no immobilisation, columns, or membranes required and can be used to study self-association and complex or “hetero”-interactions, stoichiometry, reversibility and interaction strength of a wide variety of macromolecular types and across a very large dynamic range (dissociation constants from 10−12 M to 10−1 M). We extend an earlier review specifically highlighting advances in sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium in the analytical ultracentrifuge applied to protein interactions and mucoadhesion and to review recent applications in protein self-association (tetanus toxoid, agrin), protein-like carbohydrate association (aminocelluloses), carbohydrate-protein interactions (polysaccharide-gliadin), nucleic-acid protein (G-duplexes), nucleic acid-carbohydrate (DNA-chitosan) and finally carbohydrate-carbohydrate (xanthan-chitosan and a ternary polysaccharide complex) interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Richard B Gillis
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Fahad Almutairi
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Tayyibe Erten
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - M Şamil Kök
- Department of Food Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14280, Turkey.
| | - Gary G Adams
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Harding SE, Adams GG, Almutairi F, Alzahrani Q, Erten T, Samil Kök M, Gillis RB. Ultracentrifuge Methods for the Analysis of Polysaccharides, Glycoconjugates, and Lignins. Methods Enzymol 2015; 562:391-439. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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