1
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Nawaz H, He A, Wu Z, Wang X, Jiang Y, Ullah A, Xu F, Xie F. Revisiting various mechanistic approaches for cellulose dissolution in different solvent systems: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133012. [PMID: 38866296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The process of dissolving cellulose is a pivotal step in transforming it into functional, value-added materials, necessitating a thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms to refine its advanced processing. This article reviews cellulose dissolution using various solvent systems, along with an in-depth exploration of the associated dissolution mechanisms. The efficacy of different solvents, including aqueous solvents, organic solvents, ionic liquids, hybrid ionic liquid/cosolvent systems, and deep eutectic solvents, in dissolving cellulose is scrutinized, and their limitations and advantages are highlighted. In addition, this review methodically outlines the mechanisms at play within these various solvent systems and the factors influencing cellulose solubility. Conclusions drawn highlight the integral roles of the degree of polymerization, crystallinity, particle size, the type and sizes of cations and anions, alkyl chain length, ionic liquid/cosolvent ratio, viscosity, solvent acidity, basicity, and hydrophobic interactions in the dissolution process. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers investigating biopolymer dissolution in a broader context, thereby paving the way for broader applications and innovations of these solvent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Aiyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yetao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Changjiangxi Road, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fengwei Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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2
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Yang H, Jiang J, Zhang B, Zhang W, Xie W, Li J. Experimental study on pretreatment effects of [BMIM]HSO 4/ethanol on the thermal behavior of cellulose. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10366-10373. [PMID: 35424969 PMCID: PMC8978641 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00876a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated to dissolve and/or pre-treat cellulose by combining with a low viscous co-solvent. Dissolution and pretreatment of cellulose by ILs are dynamic processes of dissolution and precipitation, which would caused the physical and chemical changes (such as crystallinity and thermal stability) of un-dissolved cellulose residues. Hence, this study focused on the thermal behavior of un-dissolved cellulose (PCEL) after pre-treatment using [BMIM]HSO4/ethanol. Ethanol was used as a green and cheap co-solvent of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4) to pre-treat cellulose under different conditions. The pretreatment effect on thermal behavior of PCEL was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and the distributed activation energy model. [BMIM]HSO4/ethanol pretreatment efficiently lowered the thermal stability of cellulose, and promoted the thermal decomposition at low temperature. The thermal behavior of PCEL can be adjusted by the [BMIM]HSO4 mass concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamei Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 China
| | - Ju Jiang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 China
| | - Bingzhe Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 China
| | - Weining Xie
- Advanced Analysis and Computation Center, China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou 221018 China
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3
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Ge W, Shuai J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wang X. Progress on chemical modification of cellulose in “green” solvents. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00879j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of cellulose in "green" solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianbo Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Ren F, Wang J, Yu J, Zhong C, Xie F, Wang S. Dissolution of Cellulose in Ionic Liquid-DMSO Mixtures: Roles of DMSO/IL Ratio and the Cation Alkyl Chain Length. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27225-27232. [PMID: 34693142 PMCID: PMC8529677 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The dissolution behavior of cellulose in the mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and different ionic liquids (ILs) at 25 °C was studied. High solubility of cellulose was reached in the mixtures of ILs and DMSO at mole fractions of 1:2, 1:2, and 1:1 for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, respectively. At high DMSO/IL molar ratios (10:1-2:1), a longer alkyl chain of the IL cation led to higher cellulose solubility. However, shorter cation alkyl chains favored cellulose dissolution at 1:1. Rheological, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements were used to understand cellulose dissolution. It was found out that the increase of the DMSO ratio in binary mixtures caused higher cellulose solubility by decreasing the viscosity of systems. For cations with longer alkyl chains, stronger interaction between the IL and cellulose and higher viscosity of DMSO/IL mixtures were observed. The new knowledge obtained here could be useful to the development of cost-effective solvent systems for biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinwei Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School
of Food Science and Technology, Tianjin
University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jinglin Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- College
of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of
Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fengwei Xie
- International
Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing (IINM), WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Shujun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- School
of Food Science and Technology, Tianjin
University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- . Phone: 86-22-60912486
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5
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Raghuwanshi VS, Cohen Y, Garnier G, Garvey CJ, Garnier G. Deuterated Bacterial Cellulose Dissolution in Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh Raghuwanshi
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yachin Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Guillaume Garnier
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Garvey
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Rd., Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
- Lund Institute for Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Lund 22100, Sweden
- Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz FRM II and Physik Department E13, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Gil Garnier
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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6
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Quantum chemical calculations on dissolution of dimethylformamide in ethaline. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 107:107966. [PMID: 34174555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) gained attention of researchers as green solvents. Making binary mixtures of DESs with appropriate cosolvents is a strategy to obtain more favorable mixtures. Here, structural features and hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) properties of binary mixtures containing ethaline (ETH) DES, (choline chloride (ChCl):2 ethylene glycol (EG)) with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) are reported. Such investigations are carried out by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that in ETH-DMF mixtures, DMF molecules can hardly overcome the strong Columbic interaction and doubly ionic H-bonds between the ions Ch+ and Cl- or the ionic H-bonds between Ch+ and EG. Upon EG addition to ChCl to obtain ETH or DMF addition to ETH, the Cl- … Ch+ connectivity decreases, implying charge delocalization from Cl- to other components rather than Ch+. This is supported by the blue shift of Ch+ hydroxyl observed in the calculated infrared spectra.
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7
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Phadagi R, Singh S, Hashemi H, Kaya S, Venkatesu P, Ramjugernath D, Ebenso E, Bahadur I. Understanding the role of Dimethylformamide as co-solvents in the dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids: Experimental and theoretical approach. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Preparation of Biomass-Based Ester End-Capped Hyperbranched Poly(ether)s via Facile One-Pot Reaction and Their Performance as Non-Toxic Plasticizers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040913. [PMID: 32326431 PMCID: PMC7240514 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a facile one-pot reaction for the synthesis of biomass-based hyperbranched poly(ether)s end-capped as acetate esters (BHE) for use as a sustainable, safe and feasible plasticizer for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) materials. BHE is completely miscible with PVC but shows weaker plasticizing effect than dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (EΔTg value of BHE reaches 64.8%). PVC plasticized with BHE displays greater thermal stability than that of PVC or PVC plasticized with DOP materials. BHE improves the thermal stability and flexibility of PVC materials. As a plasticizer, BHE displays lower solvent extractability and greater volatilization resistance than DOP. Acute oral toxicity indicates that BHE has toxic doses of 5 g/kg, suggesting that BHE is non-toxic.
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Abushammala H, Mao J. A Review on the Partial and Complete Dissolution and Fractionation of Wood and Lignocelluloses Using Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E195. [PMID: 31940847 PMCID: PMC7023464 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids have shown great potential in the last two decades as solvents, catalysts, reaction media, additives, lubricants, and in many applications such as electrochemical systems, hydrometallurgy, chromatography, CO2 capture, etc. As solvents, the unlimited combinations of cations and anions have given ionic liquids a remarkably wide range of solvation power covering a variety of organic and inorganic materials. Ionic liquids are also considered "green" solvents due to their negligible vapor pressure, which means no emission of volatile organic compounds. Due to these interesting properties, ionic liquids have been explored as promising solvents for the dissolution and fractionation of wood and cellulose for biofuel production, pulping, extraction of nanocellulose, and for processing all-wood and all-cellulose composites. This review describes, at first, the potential of ionic liquids and the impact of the cation/anion combination on their physiochemical properties and on their solvation power and selectivity to wood polymers. It also elaborates on how the dissolution conditions influence these parameters. It then discusses the different approaches, which are followed for the homogeneous and heterogeneous dissolution and fractionation of wood and cellulose using ionic liquids and categorize them based on the target application. It finally highlights the challenges of using ionic liquids for wood and cellulose dissolution and processing, including side reactions, viscosity, recyclability, and price.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Abushammala
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research (WKI), Bienroder Weg 54E, 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jia Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Ghurair University, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai P.O. Box 37374, UAE;
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10
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Dissolution of cotton cellulose in 1:1 mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylphosphonate and 1-alkylimidazole co-solvents. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 221:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Cellulose dissolution in diallylimidazolium methoxyacetate + N-methylpyrrolidinone mixture. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11518. [PMID: 31395927 PMCID: PMC6687689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of cellulose in industrial applicat is of great significance to sustainable development of human society and reducing dependence on dwindling fossil resources. Nevertheless, this utilization of cellulose has actually been limited due to its insolubilization. Here, novel solvents consisting of diallylimidazolium methoxy acetate ([A2im][CH3OCH2COO]) and N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) were developed. The solubility of cellulose in [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]/NMP was determined, and the influence of [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]/NMP molar ratio on cellulose dissolution was systematically investigated. Meanwhile, we also presented the affecting factors of the cellulose material fabrication including preparation approach, [A2im][CH3OCH2COO] and cellulose solution concentration. Attractively, the [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]/NMP solvents display much powerful dissolution capacity for cellulose even at 25 °C (25.4 g 100 g−1). This is mainly ascribed to the combined factors: The hydrogen bond interactions of the H2, H4 and H6 in [A2im]+ and carboxyl O atom in [CH3OCH2COO]− with the hydroxyl H atom and O atom in cellulose; the dissociation of NMP towards [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]; the stabilization of NMP towards the dissolved cellulose chains. In addition, the thermostability and chemical structure of the regenerated cellulose from the solvents was also estimated.
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12
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Xu A, Wang Y, Li C, Xiao Z, Liu R. Dissolution performance of cellulose in [A 2im][MOA]/MIM solvents. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20976-20981. [PMID: 35515513 PMCID: PMC9065696 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03979a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose solvents ([A2im][MOA]/MIM) were developed by combining diallylimidazolium methoxyacetate ([A2im][MOA]) with N-methylimidazole (MIM). The cellulose solubilities in the ([A2im][MOA]/MIM) solvents were determined at 25 °C, and the effect of the MIM/[A2im][MOA] molar ratio on cellulose solubility was systematically investigated. Attractively, the solvents show cellulose solubility as high as 25.2 g 100 g-1 even at 25 °C. It is proposed that the H2, H4 and H6 in [A2im]+ and the carboxyl O atom in [MOA]- primarily contribute to the dissolution of cellulose; MIM mainly acts to dissociate [A2im][MOA] into [A2im]+ and [MOA]-, and stabilize the dissolved cellulose chains. Moreover, the porous cellulose materials with varying morphological structures could be tailored by simply tuning the cellulose solution concentration, and the formation mechanism of the cellulose material was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan 471003 PR China +86-379-64231914 +86-379-64231914
| | - Yongxin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan 471003 PR China +86-379-64231914 +86-379-64231914
| | - Changzhu Li
- Hunan Academy of Forestry Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Centre for Effective Utilizing of Wood Bamboo Resources Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- Hunan Academy of Forestry Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Centre for Effective Utilizing of Wood Bamboo Resources Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
| | - Rukuan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Forestry Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Centre for Effective Utilizing of Wood Bamboo Resources Changsha Hunan 410004 PR China
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Xu A, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu R, Niu W. Development of Diallylimidazolium Methoxyacetate/DMSO (DMF/DMA) Solvents for Improving Cellulose Dissolution and Fabricating Porous Material. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050845. [PMID: 31083305 PMCID: PMC6572045 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer, with unique properties such as biodegradability, biocompability, nontoxicity, and so on. However, its extensive application has actually been hindered, because of its insolubility in water and most solvents. Herein, highly efficient cellulose solvents were developed by coupling diallylimidazolium methoxyacetate ([A2im][CH3OCH2COO]) with polar aprotic solvents dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). Attractively, these solvents showed extraordinarily powerful dissolution performance for cellulose (e.g., 26.1 g·100g−1) in [A2im][CH3OCH2COO]/DMSO(RDMSO = 1.01 solvent even at 25 °C), which is much more advantageous over previously reported solvents. To our knowledge, such powerful cellulose solvents have not been reported before. The cellulose dissolution mechanism is proposed to be of three combined factors: (1) The hydrogen bond interactions of the H2, H4 and H6 in [A2im]+ and the carboxyl O atom in [CH3OCH2COO]−, along with the hydroxyl H atom and O atom in cellulose, are main driving force for cellulose dissolution; (2) the dissociation of [A2im][CH3OCH2COO] by DMF increases the anion and cation concentrations and thus promotes cellulose dissolution; (3) at the same time, DMF also stabilizes the dissolved cellulose chains. Meanwhile, the porous cellulose material with a varying morphologic structure could be facially fabricated by modulating the cellulose solution concentration. Additionally, the dissolution of cellulose in the solvents is only a physical process, and the regenerated cellulose from the solvents retains sufficient thermostability and a chemical structure similar to the original cellulose. Thus, this work will provide great possibility for developing cellulose-based products at ambient temperatures or under no extra heating/freezing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Yongxin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Rukuan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Wentian Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Xu K, Xiao Y, Cao Y, Peng S, Fan M, Wang K. Dissolution of cellulose in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl phosphonate ionic liquid and its composite system with Na2PHO3. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 209:382-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mezzetta A, Becherini S, Pretti C, Monni G, Casu V, Chiappe C, Guazzelli L. Insights into the levulinate-based ionic liquid class: synthesis, cellulose dissolution evaluation and ecotoxicity assessment. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03239h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New levulinate ionic liquids (ILs) were able to dissolve cellulose in high amounts. The ecotoxicity profiles of these new ILs were also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences
- University of Pisa
- Via Livornese lato monte
- San Piero a Grado
- PI 56122
| | - Gianfranca Monni
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology “G. Bacci”
- Leghorn
- Italy
| | - Valentina Casu
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology “G. Bacci”
- Leghorn
- Italy
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16
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Becherini S, Mezzetta A, Chiappe C, Guazzelli L. Levulinate amidinium protic ionic liquids (PILs) as suitable media for the dissolution and levulination of cellulose. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Levulinate protic ionic liquids allow for the dissolution and the levulination of their parent polysaccharide.
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17
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Xu A, Chen L, Wang J. Functionalized Imidazalium Carboxylates for Enhancing Practical Applicability in Cellulose Processing. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P. R. China
| | - Jianji Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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18
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Optimization of Deep Oxidative Desulfurization Process Using Ionic Liquid and Potassium Monopersulfate. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/6495826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) was selected to optimize a desulfurization process with metal based ionic liquids ([Bmim]Cl/CoCl2) and potassium monopersulfate (PMS) together to remove benzothiophene (BT) from octane (simulating oil). The four experimental conditions of PMS dosage, [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage, temperature, and reaction time were investigated. The results showed that the quadratic relationship was built up between BT removal and four experimental variables with 0.9898 fitting coefficient. The optimal conditions were 1.6 g (20 wt%) PMS solution, 3.2 g [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2, 46°C, and 23 min, which were obtained based on RSM and experimental results. Under the optimal condition, predicted sulfur removal rate and experimental sulfur removal rate were 96.7% and 95.4%, respectively. The sequence of four experimental conditions on desulfurization followed the order temperature > time > [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage > PMS solution dosage.
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Jiang J, Xiao Y, Huang W, Gong P, Peng S, He J, Fan M, Wang K. An insight into the influence of hydrogen bond acceptors on cellulose/1-allyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride solution. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 178:295-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Acharya S, Hu Y, Abidi N. Mild condition dissolution of high molecular weight cotton cellulose in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate/N,N
-dimethylacetamide solvent system. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Acharya
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409
| | - Yang Hu
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409
| | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409
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21
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Xu AR, Wen S, Chen L. Dissolution performance of cellulose in MIM plus tetrabutylammonium propionate solvent. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Zhang H, Xu Y, Li Y, Lu Z, Cao S, Fan M, Huang L, Chen L. Facile Cellulose Dissolution and Characterization in the Newly Synthesized 1,3-Diallyl-2-ethylimidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquid. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100526. [PMID: 30965828 PMCID: PMC6418646 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile cellulose solvent 1,3-diallyl-2-ethylimidazolium acetate ([AAeim][OAc]) with high electrical conductivity has been designed and synthesized for the first time, via a quaternization reaction and ion exchange method. The dissolution characteristics of cellulose in this solvent were studied in detail. Meanwhile, the co-solvent system was designed by adding an aprotic polar solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in [AAeim][OAc]. The effects of temperature and the mass ratio of DMSO to [AAeim][OAc] on the solubility of cellulose were studied. Furthermore, the effects of regeneration on the molecular structure and thermal stability of cellulose were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The findings revealed that the synthesized ionic liquid (IL) has a relatively low viscosity, high conductivity and a good dissolving capacity for bamboo dissolving pulp cellulose (Degree of Polymerization: DP = 650). The macromolecular chain of the cellulose is less damaged during the dissolution and regeneration process. Due to the increased number of “free” anions [OAc]− and cations [AAeim]+, the addition of DMSO can significantly increase the solubility of the cellulose up to 12 wt % at the mass ratio of 3:1, indicating that the synthesized IL has a potential application in the electrospinning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yaoguang Xu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuqi Li
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Zexiang Lu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Shilin Cao
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Mizi Fan
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
- Nanocellulose and Biocomposites Research Centre, College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Liulian Huang
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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23
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Napso S, Rein DM, Khalfin R, Cohen Y. Semidilute solution structure of cellulose in an ionic liquid and its mixture with a polar organic co-solvent studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Napso
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Dmitry M. Rein
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Rafail Khalfin
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Yachin Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City Haifa 3200003 Israel
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24
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Xu A, Li Q. Sustainable and Low Viscous 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate + PEG Solvent for Cellulose Processing. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9020054. [PMID: 30970743 PMCID: PMC6432357 DOI: 10.3390/polym9020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing sustainable, low viscous and efficient solvents are always advantageous to the processing/fabricating of cellulose materials in practical applications. To this end, in this work novel solvents were developed; ([Amim][CH₃COO]/PEG) by dissolving polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG-200) in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Amim][CH₃COO]). The solubilities of cellulose in [Amim][CH₃COO]/PEG solvents were determined as a function of temperature, and the possible dissolution mechanism of cellulose in [Amim][CH₃COO]/PEG solvent was investigated. The novel solvent exhibits outstanding advantages for good dissolution capacity of cellulose, such as low viscosity, negligible vapor pressure, and recycling capability. The [CH₃COO]- anion and the [Amim]⁺ cation of [Amim][CH₃COO] in [Amim][CH₃COO]/PEG-10 are the driving force for cellulose dissolution verified by the 13C NMR spectra. In addition, the regenerated cellulose films from [Amim][CH₃COO]/PEG solvent were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to estimate their morphologies and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China.
| | - Quan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China.
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25
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Understanding cellulose dissolution: effect of the cation and anion structure of ionic liquids on the solubility of cellulose. Sci China Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-0269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Xu AR, Guo X, Ma J. Properties of Cellulose Regenerated from Powerful 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate/Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solvent. J MACROMOL SCI B 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2016.1146976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Xu A, Li W, Zhang Y, Xu H. Eco-friendly polysorbate aqueous solvents for efficient dissolution of lignin. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein green, low energy consuming and inexpensive solvents (polysorbate/H2O (Tween-80/H2O)) were developed, which could be readily prepared, instantaneously dissolve lignin without any heating, and hardly disrupt the structure of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Hang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
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28
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Hajji L, Boukir A, Assouik J, Pessanha S, Figueirinhas JL, Carvalho ML. Artificial aging paper to assess long-term effects of conservative treatment. Monitoring by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Xu A, Guo X, Xu R. Understanding the dissolution of cellulose in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate + DMAc solvent. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:1000-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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