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Sun S, Hong Y, Gu Z, Cheng L, Ban X, Li Z, Li C. Different starch varieties influence the complexing state and digestibility of the resulting starch-lipid complexes. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Sierra-Romero A, Novakovic K, Geoghegan M. Adhesive Interfaces toward a Zero-Waste Industry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15476-15493. [PMID: 36475727 PMCID: PMC9776538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article evaluates ongoing efforts to adapt adhesives toward the goal of zero-waste living and suggests the most promising future directions. Adhesives are not always considered in zero-waste manufacturing because they represent only a small fraction of a product and offer no additional functionality. However, their presence restricts the reintegration of constituent parts into a circular economy, so a new generation of adhesives is required. Furthermore, their production often leads to harmful pollutants. Here, two main approaches toward addressing these problems are considered: first, the use of natural materials that replace petroleum-based polymers from which conventional adhesives are made and second, the production of dismantlable adhesives capable of debonding on demand with the application of an external stimulus. These approaches, either individually or combined, offer a new paradigm in zero-waste industrial production and consumer applications.
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Sun S, Hua S, Hong Y, Gu Z, Cheng L, Ban X, Li Z, Li C, Zhou J. Influence of different kinds of fatty acids on the behavior, structure and digestibility of high amylose maize starch-fatty acid complexes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:5837-5848. [PMID: 35426124 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The formation of starch-lipid complexes is of interest to food processing and human nutrition. Fatty acid (FA) structure is important for the formation and structure of starch-FA complexes. However, there is limited research regarding the complexing behavior between amylose and different kinds of FAs, as well as the relationship between fine structures and digestibility of the formed complexes. This study aimed to investigate the behavior, fine structure, and digestibility of complexes formed between high amylose maize starch (HMS) and FA having various chain lengths and unsaturation degrees. RESULTS Complexes containing different FA structures showed V6III -type crystals. Complexes containing 18-carbon unsaturated FAs displayed significantly higher complexing index (P < 0.05) than other complexes. Complexes containing 12-carbon FAs and 18-carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree showed a higher degree of structural order and resistant starch (RS) content than other complexes. The 12-carbon FAs exhibited a higher binding degree with helical cavity of amylose than other FAs. Additionally, 10-carbon and 18-carbon saturated FAs tended to combine with HMS outside amylose helices more than other FAs. Laser confocal micro-Raman imaging revealed that the physically embedded 10-carbon and 18-carbon saturated FAs showed heterogeneous distribution in complexes, and that the complexed 18-carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree exhibited homogeneous distribution. CONCLUSION The behavior, structural order and digestibility of complexes could be regulated by FA structure. The 12-carbon FAs and 18-carbon FAs with one unsaturation degree were more suitable for the production of HMS-FA complexes with higher structural order and RS content than other FAs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Yan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Ban
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Caiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Ramesh M, Rajeshkumar L, Sasikala G, Balaji D, Saravanakumar A, Bhuvaneswari V, Bhoopathi R. A Critical Review on Wood-Based Polymer Composites: Processing, Properties, and Prospects. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:589. [PMID: 35160578 PMCID: PMC8838915 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste recycling is one of the key aspects in current day studies to boost the country's circular economy. Recycling wood from construction and demolished structures and combining it with plastics forms wood-polymer composites (WPC) which have a very wide scope of usage. Such recycled composites have very low environmental impact in terms of abiotic potential, global warming potential, and greenhouse potential. Processing of WPCs can be easily done with predetermined strength values that correspond to its end application. Yet, the usage of conventional polymer composite manufacturing techniques such as injection molding and extrusion has very limited scope. Many rheological characterization techniques are being followed to evaluate the influence of formulation and process parameters over the quality of final WPCs. It will be very much interesting to carry out a review on the material formulation of WPCs and additives used. Manufacturing of wood composites can also be made by using bio-based adhesives such as lignin, tannin, and so on. Nuances in complete replacement of synthetic adhesives as bio-based adhesives are also discussed by various researchers which can be done only by complete understanding of formulating factors of bio-based adhesives. Wood composites play a significant role in many non-structural and structural applications such as construction, floorings, windows, and door panels. The current review focuses on the processing of WPCs along with additives such as wood flour and various properties of WPCs such as mechanical, structural, and morphological properties. Applications of wood-based composites in various sectors such as automotive, marine, defense, and structural applications are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Ramesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641402, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshminarasimhan Rajeshkumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Ganesan Sasikala
- Department of Mathematics, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram 603203, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Devarajan Balaji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Arunachalam Saravanakumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.S.R.M College of Engineering, Kadapa 516003, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Venkateswaran Bhuvaneswari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, Tamil Nadu, India; (L.R.); (D.B.); (V.B.)
| | - Ramasamy Bhoopathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India;
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Ando D, Umemura K. Bond Structures between Wood Components and Citric Acid in Wood-Based Molding. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:polym13010058. [PMID: 33375746 PMCID: PMC7794866 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Citric acid-based wood adhesive is considered a chemical-bonding wood adhesive. However, the detailed structures of the bonds between wood components and citric acid remain unknown. Here, we examine the chemical bonding structures between citric acid and wood by heteronuclear single quantum coherence-nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC-NMR) analysis of wood-based molding using Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and citric acid. In the HSQC-NMR spectrum of the wood molding, some esterified C/H correlation peaks appeared. The primary hydroxyl groups of polysaccharides, such as cellulose and galactoglucomannan, and the primary hydroxyl groups of the β-O-4 and β-5 substructures in lignin were found to be esterified with citric acid. In contrast, the secondary hydroxyl groups, except for xylan, barely reacted because of the steric hindrance. Additionally, the C/H correlation peak volumes of the reducing ends of mannan and xylan in the anomeric region increased after molding. It was clarified that the glycosidic bonds in the hemicelluloses were cleaved under the acidic molding condition with citric acid. The HSQC-NMR analysis revealed that the esterification of hemicellulose and lignin, and degradation of hemicellulose, proceeded under the molding condition. These results will promote understanding of the adhesive mechanism of citric acid-based wood adhesive and of the properties of the molding.
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Structural Application of Eco-Friendly Composites from Recycled Wood Fibres Bonded with Magnesium Lignosulfonate. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry generates substantial amounts of solid waste and wastewater, which contain waste fibres. The potential of using these recycled wood fibres for producing eco-friendly composites that were bonded with a formaldehyde-free adhesive (magnesium lignosulfonate) and their use in structural applications was evaluated in this study. Fibreboards were produced in the laboratory with a density of 720 kg·m−3 and 15% magnesium lignosulfonate gluing content, based on the dry fibres. The mechanical properties (bending strength, modulus of elasticity and internal bond strength), physical properties (thickness swelling and water absorption) and formaldehyde content were determined and compared with the European Standards requirements for wood-based panels. In general, the laboratory-produced panels demonstrated acceptable mechanical properties, such as bending strength (18.5 N·mm−2) and modulus of elasticity (2225 N·mm−2), which were higher than the minimum requirements for type P2 particleboards and equal to the requirements for MDF panels. The moisture properties, i.e., thickness swelling (24 h) and water absorption (24 h) significantly deteriorated. The free formaldehyde content of the laboratory-produced composites (1.1 mg/100 g) reached the super E0 grade (≤1.5 mg/100 g), which allowed for their classification as eco-friendly, low-emission wood-based composites. The L-type corner joints, made from the developed composites, demonstrated significantly lower bending capacity (from 2.5 to 6.5 times) compared to the same joints made from MDF panels. Nevertheless, the new eco-friendly composites can be efficiently utilised as a structural material in non-load-bearing applications.
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Preparation, characterization and properties of starch-based adhesive for wood-based panels. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:247-254. [PMID: 31026525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new biodegradable, renewable, and environmentally friendly starch-based adhesive for wood-based panels was synthesized. The synthesis was conducted by grafting polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAC) monomer onto corn starch and crosslinking polymerization with N-methylol acrylamide (NMA). Compared with the traditional starch-based wood adhesive, the water resistance of starch-based adhesive with NMA (SWA-N) was greatly improved to more than 1 MPa; this exceeds the Chinese standard by 40%. The results from various analyses, including particle size, contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) and 13C-CPMAS, indicated that such improved performance is due to increased crosslinking density and formation of complex network structure. Such complex network structure was found to inhibit excessive expansion of the adhesive during high temperature pressing and water absorption. As a result, the internal structure of the adhesive remained intact when subjected to hot pressing and placed in wet conditions.
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Zheng X, Cheng L, Gu Z, Hong Y, Li Z, Li C. Effects of heat pretreatment of starch on graft copolymerization reaction and performance of resulting starch-based wood adhesive. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 96:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Bio-Based Adhesives and Evaluation for Wood Composites Application. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9020070. [PMID: 30970748 PMCID: PMC6432405 DOI: 10.3390/polym9020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a rapid growth in research and innovation of bio-based adhesives in the engineered wood product industry. This article reviews the recent research published over the last few decades on the synthesis of bio-adhesives derived from such renewable resources as lignin, starch, and plant proteins. The chemical structure of these biopolymers is described and discussed to highlight the active functional groups that are used in the synthesis of bio-adhesives. The potentials and drawbacks of each biomass are then discussed in detail; some methods have been suggested to modify their chemical structures and to improve their properties including water resistance and bonding strength for their ultimate application as wood adhesives. Moreover, this article includes discussion of techniques commonly used for evaluating the petroleum-based wood adhesives in terms of mechanical properties and penetration behavior, which are expected to be more widely applied to bio-based wood adhesives to better evaluate their prospect for wood composites application.
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