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Palomar J, Lemus J, Navarro P, Moya C, Santiago R, Hospital-Benito D, Hernández E. Process Simulation and Optimization on Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1649-1737. [PMID: 38320111 PMCID: PMC10906004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising alternative compounds that enable the development of technologies based on their unique properties as solvents or catalysts. These technologies require integrated product and process designs to select ILs with optimal process performances at an industrial scale to promote cost-effective and sustainable technologies. The digital era and multiscale research methodologies have changed the paradigm from experiment-oriented to hybrid experimental-computational developments guided by process engineering. This Review summarizes the relevant contributions (>300 research papers) of process simulations to advance IL-based technology developments by guiding experimental research efforts and enhancing industrial transferability. Robust simulation methodologies, mostly based on predictive COSMO-SAC/RS and UNIFAC models in Aspen Plus software, were applied to analyze key IL applications: physical and chemical CO2 capture, CO2 conversion, gas separation, liquid-liquid extraction, extractive distillation, refrigeration cycles, and biorefinery. The contributions concern the IL selection criteria, operational unit design, equipment sizing, technoeconomic and environmental analyses, and process optimization to promote the competitiveness of the proposed IL-based technologies. Process simulation revealed that multiscale research strategies enable advancement in the technological development of IL applications by focusing research efforts to overcome the limitations and exploit the excellent properties of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Palomar
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Autonomous University
of Madrid, Calle Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Lemus
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Autonomous University
of Madrid, Calle Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Autonomous University
of Madrid, Calle Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Moya
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química, Energética y Mecánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Santiago
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Control,
Telemática y Química aplicada a la Ingeniería,
ETS de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad
Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Hospital-Benito
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Autonomous University
of Madrid, Calle Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Hernández
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Autonomous University
of Madrid, Calle Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Xylan-cellulose thin film platform for assessing xylanase activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Xylan Hemicellulose: A Renewable Material with Potential Properties for Food Packaging Applications. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132413504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Xylan hemicelluloses are considered the second most abundant class of polysaccharides after cellulose which has good natural barrier properties necessary for foods packaging papers and films. Xylan exists today as a natural polymer, but its utilisation in packaging applications is limited and not sufficiently analysed. In this study, the performances of hardwood xylan hemicellulose in forming uniform films and as biopolymer for paper coatings were analysed. The xylan-coated paper and film samples were tested regarding their water, air, and water vapour permeability, water solubility, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Structural analyses of xylan hemicelluloses emphasised a high number of hydroxyl groups with high water affinity. This affects the functional properties of xylan-coated papers but can facilitate the chemical modification of xylan in order to improve their hydrophobic properties and extend their areas of application. The obtained results unveil a promising starting point for using this material in food packaging applications as a competitive and sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polymers.
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Kumar A. Dissolving pulp production: Cellulases and xylanases for the enhancement of cellulose accessibility and reactivity. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Dissolving pulps are high-grade cellulose pulps that have minimum amount of non-cellulosic impurities. Dissolving pulps are the basic source for the manufacturing of several cellulosic products such as viscose, lyocell, cellulose acetates, cellulose nitrates, carboxymethyl-cellulose, etc. Dissolving pulps are mainly manufactured by pre-hydrolysis kraft and acid sulphite pulping. A high reactivity of dissolving pulps is desirable for its eco-friendly utilization for several purposes. Several approaches including mechanical, chemical, ultrasonic, and enzymatic treatments have been employed for the improvement of pulp reactivity. This review mainly focussed on pulp reactivity improvement through enzymatic approaches. Cellulases and xylanase have been proved effective for the improvement of pulp reactivity of dissolving pulp from different sources. The different combinations of cellulase, xylanase, and mechanical refining have been tested and found more effective rather than the single one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology , College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University , Debre Markos , 269 Ethiopia
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Abushammala H, Mao J. A Review on the Partial and Complete Dissolution and Fractionation of Wood and Lignocelluloses Using Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E195. [PMID: 31940847 PMCID: PMC7023464 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids have shown great potential in the last two decades as solvents, catalysts, reaction media, additives, lubricants, and in many applications such as electrochemical systems, hydrometallurgy, chromatography, CO2 capture, etc. As solvents, the unlimited combinations of cations and anions have given ionic liquids a remarkably wide range of solvation power covering a variety of organic and inorganic materials. Ionic liquids are also considered "green" solvents due to their negligible vapor pressure, which means no emission of volatile organic compounds. Due to these interesting properties, ionic liquids have been explored as promising solvents for the dissolution and fractionation of wood and cellulose for biofuel production, pulping, extraction of nanocellulose, and for processing all-wood and all-cellulose composites. This review describes, at first, the potential of ionic liquids and the impact of the cation/anion combination on their physiochemical properties and on their solvation power and selectivity to wood polymers. It also elaborates on how the dissolution conditions influence these parameters. It then discusses the different approaches, which are followed for the homogeneous and heterogeneous dissolution and fractionation of wood and cellulose using ionic liquids and categorize them based on the target application. It finally highlights the challenges of using ionic liquids for wood and cellulose dissolution and processing, including side reactions, viscosity, recyclability, and price.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Abushammala
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research (WKI), Bienroder Weg 54E, 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jia Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Ghurair University, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai P.O. Box 37374, UAE;
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Jiang J, Xiao Y, Huang W, Gong P, Peng S, He J, Fan M, Wang K. An insight into the influence of hydrogen bond acceptors on cellulose/1-allyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride solution. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 178:295-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nypelö T, Laine C, Colson J, Henniges U, Tammelin T. Submicron hierarchy of cellulose nanofibril films with etherified hemicelluloses. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:126-134. [PMID: 28962750 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The lack of simple differentiation of all-polysaccharide-film components in nanoscale hinders unveiling their structure-property dependency. Submicron hierarchy of films of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and carbohydrate-based additives was revealed via visualization of the components by their differentiating adhesion to an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tip. The differentiation of the film components revealed that distribution of hydroxypropylated hemicellulose in the CNF matrix could be tuned by addition of a plasticizer. The hemicellulose hydroxypropylation degree of substitution (DS) was detected to be another parameter affecting the film structure due to the water-solubility depending on the DS. This was further verified via Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring (QCM-D). The translucent, self-standing films comprising CNFs, sorbitol and hydroxypropylated hemicellulose were tested for mechanical, optical and oxygen diffusion performance. The performance was linked to their structural evenness, which confirmed that the oxygen diffusion through the film is tremendously affected by the film nano hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Nypelö
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria; Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria.
| | - Christiane Laine
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jérôme Colson
- Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ute Henniges
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland.
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Roselli A, Hummel M, Vartiainen J, Nieminen K, Sixta H. Understanding the role of water in the interaction of ionic liquids with wood polymers. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 168:121-128. [PMID: 28457431 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemicellulose lean pulps are a raw material source for numerous high value products. We have previously presented the IONCELL-P(ulp) process, a hemicellulose extraction method, based on a binary mixture of ionic liquid and water. The IONCELL-P process does not suffer from yield losses or polymer degradation and retains the Cellulose I crystalline form. In this paper, a selection of cellulose dissolving ionic liquids is tested, in order to compare their applicability in the process. We demonstrate that the extraction selectivity towards low molar mass polymers is related to the anion's ability to accept hydrogen bonds (Kamlet-Taft β-value), if divided by the water molar fraction of the solvent system. Pulp consistency, solvent system viscosity and pH are investigated in order to identify the factors affecting the extraction efficiency. The results show that all the tested ionic liquid-water mixtures were able to dissolve hemicelluloses, but there were differences in their efficiency, selectivity and the ability to process high pulp consistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roselli
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - M Hummel
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - J Vartiainen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - K Nieminen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - H Sixta
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
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Minnick DL, Flores RA, DeStefano MR, Scurto AM. Cellulose Solubility in Ionic Liquid Mixtures: Temperature, Cosolvent, and Antisolvent Effects. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7906-19. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Minnick
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Raul A. Flores
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Matthew R. DeStefano
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Aaron M. Scurto
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Stepan AM, Michud A, Hellstén S, Hummel M, Sixta H. IONCELL-P&F: Pulp Fractionation and Fiber Spinning with Ionic Liquids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes M. Stepan
- Department
of Forest Products
Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Anne Michud
- Department
of Forest Products
Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Sanna Hellstén
- Department
of Forest Products
Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Forest Products
Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department
of Forest Products
Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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