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Kim J, Kim D, Yoon H, Shin JH, Park S, Kwak HW, Ahn MR, Koo B, Choi IG. Glucaric Acid Production from Miscanthus sacchariflorus via TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation with an Efficient Separation System. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9432-9442. [PMID: 38434861 PMCID: PMC10905715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, production and isolation of glucaric acid from lignocellulosic biomass were performed via potassium cation-based TEMPO-mediated oxidation for the ease of glucaric acid isolation. To optimize the oxidation conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted using standard glucose as the raw material. Among the oxidation conditions, the dosage of oxidant and pH of reaction affected the glucaric acid production, and the optimum conditions were suggested by RSM analysis: 5 °C of reaction temperature, 4.23 equiv dosage of KClO per mole of glucose, and pH of 12. Furthermore, glucaric acid was produced from lignocellulosic biomass-derived enzymatic hydrolysate from Miscanthus under optimum conditions. The impurities such as xylose and lignin in enzymatic hydrolysate inhibited the efficiency of glucose oxidation. As a result, more oxidant was required to produce sufficient glucaric acid from the enzymatic hydrolysate compared to standard glucose. The produced glucaric acid was simply isolated by controlling the pH in the form of glucaric acid monopotassium salt, which showed lower solubility in water, and the purity of isolated glucaric acid was over 99%. The overall mass balance of feedstock to glucaric acid was analyzed, suggesting that 86.38% (w/w) glucaric acid could be produced from initial glucan in feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Kim
- Research
Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daye Kim
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon Yoon
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Shin
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Park
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Won Kwak
- Research
Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Rok Ahn
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology
(KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic
of Korea
| | - Bonwook Koo
- School
of Forestry Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gyu Choi
- Research
Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kubis MR, Holwerda EK, Lynd LR. Declining carbohydrate solubilization with increasing solids loading during fermentation of cellulosic feedstocks by Clostridium thermocellum: documentation and diagnostic tests. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:12. [PMID: 35418299 PMCID: PMC8817502 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background For economically viable 2nd generation biofuels, processing of high solid lignocellulosic substrate concentrations is a necessity. The cellulolytic thermophilic anaerobe Clostridium thermocellum is one of the most effective biocatalysts for solubilization of carbohydrate harbored in lignocellulose. This study aims to document the solubilization performance of Clostridium thermocellum at increasing solids concentrations for two lignocellulosic feedstocks, corn stover and switchgrass, and explore potential effectors of solubilization performance. Results Monocultures of Clostridium thermocellum demonstrated high levels of carbohydrate solubilization for both unpretreated corn stover and switchgrass. However, fractional carbohydrate solubilization decreases with increasing solid loadings. Fermentation of model insoluble substrate (cellulose) in the presence of high solids lignocellulosic spent broth is temporarily affected but not model soluble substrate (cellobiose) fermentations. Mid-fermentation addition of cells (C. thermocellum) or model substrates did not significantly enhance overall corn stover solubilization loaded at 80 g/L, however cultures utilized the model substrates in the presence of high concentrations of corn stover. An increase in corn stover solubilization was observed when water was added, effectively diluting the solids concentration mid-fermentation. Introduction of a hemicellulose-utilizing coculture partner, Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum, increased the fractional carbohydrate solubilization at both high and low solid loadings. Residual solubilized carbohydrates diminished significantly in the presence of T. thermosaccharolyticum compared to monocultures of C. thermocellum, yet a small fraction of solubilized oligosaccharides of both C5 and C6 sugars remained unutilized. Conclusion Diminishing fractional carbohydrate solubilization with increasing substrate loading was observed for C. thermocellum-mediated solubilization and fermentation of unpretreated lignocellulose feedstocks. Results of experiments involving spent broth addition do not support a major role for inhibitors present in the liquid phase. Mid-fermentation addition experiments confirm that C. thermocellum and its enzymes remain capable of converting model substrates during the middle of high solids lignocellulose fermentation. An increase in fractional carbohydrate solubilization was made possible by (1) mid-fermentation solid loading dilutions and (2) coculturing C. thermocellum with T. thermosaccharolyticum, which ferments solubilized hemicellulose. Incomplete utilization of solubilized carbohydrates suggests that a small fraction of the carbohydrates is unaffected by the extracellular carbohydrate-active enzymes present in the culture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02110-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Kubis
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.,The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Evert K Holwerda
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA. .,The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Lee R Lynd
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.,The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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Østby H, Hansen LD, Horn SJ, Eijsink VGH, Várnai A. Enzymatic processing of lignocellulosic biomass: principles, recent advances and perspectives. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:623-657. [PMID: 32840713 PMCID: PMC7658087 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass requires concerted development of a pretreatment method, an enzyme cocktail and an enzymatic process, all of which are adapted to the feedstock. Recent years have shown great progress in most aspects of the overall process. In particular, increased insights into the contributions of a wide variety of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes have improved the enzymatic processing step and brought down costs. Here, we review major pretreatment technologies and different enzyme process setups and present an in-depth discussion of the various enzyme types that are currently in use. We pay ample attention to the role of the recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), which have led to renewed interest in the role of redox enzyme systems in lignocellulose processing. Better understanding of the interplay between the various enzyme types, as they may occur in a commercial enzyme cocktail, is likely key to further process improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Østby
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Line Degn Hansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Svein J Horn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway.
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Mohapatra S, Mishra C, Merritt BB, Pattathil S, Thatoi H. Evaluating the Role of Ultrasonication-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Cellwall Polysaccharides of Pennisetum
Grass Varieties as Potential Biofuel Feedstock. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology; College of Engineering and Technology; Biju Pattnaik University of Technology; Bhubaneswar- 751003 India
| | - Chinmaya Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology; College of Engineering and Technology; Biju Pattnaik University of Technology; Bhubaneswar- 751003 India
| | - Brian B Merritt
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center; University of Georgia, GA 30602 USA and BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Sivakumar Pattathil
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center; University of Georgia, GA 30602 USA and BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Department of Biotechnology; North Orissa University; Sriram Chandra vihar, Takatpur Baripada- 757003, Odisha India
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5
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An S, Li W, Liu Q, Li M, Ma Q, Ma L, Chang HM. A two-stage pretreatment using acidic dioxane followed by dilute hydrochloric acid on sugar production from corn stover. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05280d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-stage pretreatment method was developed to improve sugar recovery in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxin An
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- PR China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- PR China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- PR China
| | - Minghao Li
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- PR China
| | - Qiaozhi Ma
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- PR China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
- PR China
| | - Hou-min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
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6
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Xin D, Yang M, Chen X, Zhang J. The access of Trichoderma reesei 6A to cellulose is blocked by isolated hemicelluloses and their derivatives in biomass hydrolysis. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannan inhibited action of CBHII from Trichoderma reesei by retarding the adsorption of CBHII to cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Xin
- College of Forestry
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Forestry
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Xiang Chen
- College of Forestry
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
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