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Khattab H, Gawish AA, Hamdy A, Gomaa S, El-hoshoudy AN. Assessment of a Novel Xanthan Gum-Based Composite for Oil Recovery Improvement at Reservoir Conditions; Assisted with Simulation and Economic Studies. JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s10924-023-03153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
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2
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Revin VV, Liyaskina EV, Parchaykina MV, Kurgaeva IV, Efremova KV, Novokuptsev NV. Production of Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Xanthan and Bacterial Cellulose. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14608. [PMID: 37834056 PMCID: PMC10572569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, degradable biopolymers have become increasingly important as potential environmentally friendly biomaterials, providing a wide range of applications in various fields. Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biomacromolecules, which due to their unique properties have found applications in biomedicine, foodstuff, textiles, cosmetics, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, nanoelectronics, and environmental remediation. One of the important commercial polysaccharides produced on an industrial scale is xanthan. In recent years, the range of its application has expanded significantly. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is another unique EPS with a rapidly increasing range of applications. Due to the great prospects for their practical application, the development of their highly efficient production remains an important task. The present review summarizes the strategies for the cost-effective production of such important biomacromolecules as xanthan and BC and demonstrates for the first time common approaches to their efficient production and to obtaining new functional materials for a wide range of applications, including wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, environmental remediation, nanoelectronics, and 3D bioprinting. In the end, we discuss present limitations of xanthan and BC production and the line of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (E.V.L.); (M.V.P.); (I.V.K.); (K.V.E.); (N.V.N.)
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3
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Detert M, Santos TP, Shen AQ, Calabrese V. Alignment-Rheology Relationship of Biosourced Rod-Like Colloids and Polymers under Flow. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37364888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Fluids composed of biosourced rod-like colloids (RC) and rod-like polymers (RP) have been extensively studied due to various promising applications relying on their flow-induced orientation (e.g., fiber spinning). However, the relationship between RC and RP alignment and the resulting rheological properties is unclear due to experimental challenges. We investigate the alignment-rheology relationship for a variety of biosourced RC and RP, including cellulose-based particles, filamentous viruses, and xanthan gum, by simultaneous measurements of the shear viscosity and fluid anisotropy under rheometric shear flows. For each system, the RC and RP contribution to the fluid viscosity, captured by the specific viscosity ηsp, follows a universal trend with the extent of the RC and RP alignment independent of concentration. We further exploit this unique rheological-structural link to retrieve a dimensionless parameter (β) directly proportional to ηsp at zero shear rate (η0,sp), a parameter often difficult to access from experimental rheometry for RC and RP with relatively long contour lengths. Our results highlight the unique link between the flow-induced structural and rheological changes occurring in RC and RP fluids. We envision that our findings will be relevant in building and testing microstructural constitutive models to predict the flow-induced structural and rheological evolution of fluids containing RC and RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Detert
- Physics of Fluids, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amy Q Shen
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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4
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Lin J, Deng J, Huang Z, Dong H, Chang A, Zhu H. Physicochemical and Structural Characterization of Alkali-Treated Biopolymer Sphingan WL Gum from Marine Sphingomonas sp. WG. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7163-7171. [PMID: 36844595 PMCID: PMC9948552 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sphingan WL gum (WL), a kind of exopolysaccharide, is produced by Sphingomonas sp. WG, which was screened from sea mud samples of Jiaozhou Bay by our group. The solubility of WL was investigated in this work. First, 1 mg/mL of WL solution was stirred at room temperature for at least 2 h to obtain a uniform opaque liquid, and further the solution became clear with the increased NaOH and stirring time. Subsequently, the structural features, solubility, and rheological properties of WL before and after alkali treatment were compared systematically. FTIR, NMR, and zeta potential results indicate that the alkali causes acetyl group hydrolysis and carboxyl group deprotonation. XRD, DLS, GPC, and AFM results suggest that the alkali destroys the ordered arrangement and inter- and intrachain entanglement of polysaccharide chains. In the same case, 0.9 M NaOH-treated WL presents better solubility (stirring for 15 min to obtain a clarified solution) but, unsurprisingly, worsens rheological properties. All results demonstrated that the good solubility and transparency of alkali-treated WL will help promote its postmodification and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Lin
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Jinfeng Deng
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenyin Huang
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Hanyu Dong
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Aiping Chang
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- Fujian-Taiwan
Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and
Tissue Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis,
Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine
of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian, China
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5
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Fjodorova J, Held R, Hublik G, Esteban Vazquez JM, Walhorn V, Hellweg T, Anselmetti D. Tuning Xanthan Viscosity by Directed Random Coil-to-Helix Transition. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4493-4503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Fjodorova
- Experimental Biophysics, Physics Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Robin Held
- Experimental Biophysics, Physics Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Gerd Hublik
- Jungbunzlauer Austria AG, Pernhofen 1, 2064Wulzeshofen, Austria
| | - Jorge M. Esteban Vazquez
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Volker Walhorn
- Experimental Biophysics, Physics Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Dario Anselmetti
- Experimental Biophysics, Physics Faculty, Bielefeld University, 33615Bielefeld, Germany
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6
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Xanthan gum in aqueous solutions: Fundamentals and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:583-604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Two Flagellar mutants of Xanthomonas campestris are characterized by enhanced xanthan production and higher xanthan viscosity. J Biotechnol 2022; 347:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Tomofuji Y, Matsuo K, Terao K. Kinetics of denaturation and renaturation processes of double-stranded helical polysaccharide, xanthan in aqueous sodium chloride. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118681. [PMID: 34742411 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements were made for three xanthan samples, a double helical polysaccharide, in 5 or 10 mM aqueous NaCl after rapid temperature change to investigate the kinetics of the conformational change between the ordered and disordered states. After the rapid heating, the CD signal mainly reflecting the carbonyl groups on the side chains quickly changed (<150 s) while the scattering intensity from SAXS around q (magnitude of the scattering vector) = 1 nm-1 changed more gradually, reflecting the main-chain conformation. The difference between CD and SAXS implies us the intermediate conformation which can be regarded as a loose double helix. The SAXS profile in the rapid cooling process showed that the loose double helical structure was constructed within 150 s, but the CD signal slowly changed with around 2 days to recover the native tight double helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tomofuji
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Koichi Matsuo
- Hiroshiema Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Ken Terao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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9
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Wang L, Xiang D, Li C, Zhang W, Bai X. Effects of deacetylation on properties and conformation of xanthan gum. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Kabata D, Ryoki A, Kitamura S, Terao K. Chain Alignment of a Rigid Ring Polymer in the Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Phase: Cyclic Amylose Tris( n-butylcarbamate) in Tetrahydrofuran and Ethyl Lactate. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Kabata
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Ryoki
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kitamura
- Center for Research and Development of Bioresources, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8570, Japan
| | - Ken Terao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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11
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Washington GE, Brant DA. Model for the Temperature-Induced Conformational Change in Xanthan Polysaccharide. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4691-4700. [PMID: 34669370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Xanthan is an extracellular bacterial polysaccharide. It is manufactured commercially by fermentation of Xanthomonas campestris and used extensively in food and other industries to control the viscosity and texture of various products. Its useful properties stem from its occurrence both as a relatively rigid double-helical polymer and as a branched polymer network presumably crosslinked by the same noncovalent interactions that stabilize the double-helical form. Interconversion of these two forms can be achieved through heating and cooling processes. This paper describes a model for this thermally induced transformation under conditions of very dilute aqueous polymer concentration, where the characteristics of double-helical and crosslinked aggregates can be studied experimentally using light scattering. Because xanthan is a regularly repeating copolymer, there is no requirement for specific registration of the two strands of the duplex structure as is required in naturally occurring nucleic acid double helices. Here, we demonstrate the important role of the resulting xanthan structural degeneracy in dictating the characteristics of the temperature-induced conformational transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary E Washington
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - David A Brant
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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12
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Mohsin A, Akyliyaevna KA, Zaman WQ, Hussain MH, Mohsin MZ, Al-Rashed S, Tan X, Tian X, Aida K, Tariq M, Haider MS, Khan IM, Niazi S, Zhuang Y, Guo M. Kinetically modelled approach of xanthan production using different carbon sources: A study on molecular weight and rheological properties of xanthan. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1226-1236. [PMID: 34743029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study emphasizes improving the overall yield, productivity and quality of xanthan by Xanthomonas campestris using different carbon sources via optimizing the fermentation media and kinetic modelling work. After optimization, six carbon sources and one nitrogen source were selected for xanthan production in 5 L bioreactor. Kinetic modelling was applied to assess the experimental fermentation data and to check its influence on scale-up production. In this work, xanthan production reached 40.65 g/L with a growth-associated rate constant (α) of 2.831, and highest specific growth rate (μm) of 0.37/h while using maltose as the sole carbon source. Furthermore, rheological properties were determined, and Herschel-Bulkley model was employed to assess the experimental data. Interestingly, xanthan obtained from sucrose and glucose showed the highest yield stress (τ0) of 12.50 ± 0.31 and 7.17 ± 0.21. Moreover, the highest xanthan molecular weight of 3.53 × 107 and 3.25 × 107 g/mol were also found with sucrose and glucose. At last, the proposed mechanism of sugar metabolism and xanthan biosynthesis pathway were described. Conclusively, maltose appeared as the best carbon source for maximum xanthan production: while sucrose and glucose gave qualitatively best results. In short, this systematically modelled approach maximizes the potential output and provides a solid base for continuous cultivation of xanthan at large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohsin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Kanagat Akbota Akyliyaevna
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Waqas Qamar Zaman
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Muhammad Zubair Mohsin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Sarah Al-Rashed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Kistaubayeva Aida
- Department of Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Muhammad Salman Haider
- Applied Science Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, HH Campus, 50700 Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Sobia Niazi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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13
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14
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Riaz T, Iqbal MW, Jiang B, Chen J. A review of the enzymatic, physical, and chemical modification techniques of xanthan gum. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:472-489. [PMID: 34217744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Xanthan gum (XG), a bacterial polysaccharide has numerous valuable characteristics in the food, biomedical, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture sector. However, XG has also its particular limitations such as its vulnerability to microbial contamination, inadequate mechanical and thermal stability, unusable viscosity, and poor water solubility. Therefore, XG's structure and conformation need to be modified enzymatically, chemically, or physically to improve its optimistic features and decrease the formation of crystals, increase antioxidant ability, and radical scavenging activity. We have found out different means to modify XG and elaborate the importance and significance of the modified structure of XG. In this review, different enzymes are reviewed for XG degradation, which modifies their structure from different points (main chain or side chain). This article also reviews various physical methods (ultrasound, shear, pressure, sonication, annealing, and heat treatments) based on prevailing publications to alter XG conformation and produce low molecular weight (LMW) and less viscous end-product. Moreover, some chemical means are also discussed that result in modified XG through crosslinking, grafting, acetylation, pyruvation, as well as by applying different chemical agents. Overall, the current progress on XG degradation is very auspicious to develop a new molecule with considerable uses, in various industries with future assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahreem Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | | | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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15
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Wu M, Shi Z, Ming Y, Wang C, Qiu X, Li G, Ma T. Thermostable and rheological properties of natural and genetically engineered xanthan gums in different solutions at high temperature. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1208-1217. [PMID: 33989686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thermostability is an important indicator to evaluate xanthan applied in the oilfield industry. Besides reductive agents, salts, and pH, the inherent primary structure is also an important determinant of thermostability. In this work, the thermal conformational transition and degradation of natural xanthan XG and variants XG-A0, XG-AA, and XG-0P dissolved in different solvents were compared. Acetylated XG-A0 and XG-AA both showed the highest initial conformational transition temperature (Tm0) in distilled water, NaCl, and CaCl2 brines. Additionally, the variant XG-A0 dissolved in water was more thermostable although its acetyl group was hydrolyzed easily after a hot-rolling test at 110 °C. Thermostability could be reinforced by adding antioxidant Na2SO3 and saturated NaCl through improving Tm0 value or inhibiting degradation of the molecular chain and acyl groups. Furthermore, pyruvyl-rich XG-0P dissolved in saturated NaCl showing multi-stranded helix structure was also stable after a hot-rolling process. Therefore, xanthan variants, as biological products, will have broader application potential in the oilfield industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Research & Service Center of Fracturing & Acidizing Technology, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Research & Service Center of Fracturing & Acidizing Technology, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Wang L, Xiang D, Li C, Zhang W, Bai X. Effects of lyophilization and low-temperature treatment on the properties and conformation of xanthan gum. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Biomimetic silk fibroin and xanthan gum blended hydrogels for connective tissue regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:874-882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Klinov DV, Protopopova AD, Andrianov DS, Litvinov RI, Weisel JW. An Improved Substrate for Superior Imaging of Individual Biomacromolecules with Atomic Force Microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Huang J, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Ren Y, Xu Z, Li Z, Zhao Y, Wu X, Ren J. Marine-inspired molecular mimicry generates a drug-free, but immunogenic hydrogel adhesive protecting surgical anastomosis. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:770-782. [PMID: 33024898 PMCID: PMC7527377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a biomimic hydrogel adhesive that addresses the poor healing of surgical anastomosis. Dopamine-conjugated xanthan gum (Da-g-Xan) is fabricated using deep insights into the molecular similarity between mussels' adhesive and dopamine as well as the structural similarity between barnacle cement proteins and xanthan gum. The hydrogel mimics marine animals’ adherence to wet tissue surfaces. Upon applying this adhesive to colonic anastomosis in a rat model, protective effects were shown by significantly improving the bursting pressure. Mechanistically, the architecture of Da-g-Xan hydrogel is maintained by dynamic intermolecular hydrogen bonds that allow the quick release of Da-g-Xan. The free Da-g-Xan can regulate the inflammatory status and induce type 2 macrophage polarization (M2) by specifically interacting with mannose receptors (CD206) revealed by RNA-sequencing and molecular binding assays. Consequently, an appropriate microenvironment for tissue healing is created by the secretion of chemokines and growth factors from M2 macrophages, strengthening the fibroblast migration and proliferation, collagen synthesis and epithelial vascularization. Overall, this study demonstrates an unprecedented strategy for generating an adhesive by synergistic mimicry inspired by two marine animals, and the results show that the Da-g-Xan adhesive augments native tissue regenerative responses, thus enabling enhanced recovery following surgical anastomosis. Dual-biomimic conjugates, Da-g-Xan, are synthesized. Da-g-Xan adhesive hydrogels are degradable, self-healing, and injectable. Released Da-g-Xan induces type 2 macrophage polarizations by specifically interacting with mannose receptors. Paracrine action by the type 2 macrophage polarizations promotes the surgical anastomosis healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Huang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yungang Jiang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ye Liu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanhan Ren
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Ziyan Xu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zongan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianan Ren
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Venkateshaiah A, Padil VV, Nagalakshmaiah M, Waclawek S, Černík M, Varma RS. Microscopic Techniques for the Analysis of Micro and Nanostructures of Biopolymers and Their Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E512. [PMID: 32120773 PMCID: PMC7182842 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural biopolymers, a class of materials extracted from renewable sources, is garnering interest due to growing concerns over environmental safety; biopolymers have the advantage of biocompatibility and biodegradability, an imperative requirement. The synthesis of nanoparticles and nanofibers from biopolymers provides a green platform relative to the conventional methods that use hazardous chemicals. However, it is challenging to characterize these nanoparticles and fibers due to the variation in size, shape, and morphology. In order to evaluate these properties, microscopic techniques such as optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are essential. With the advent of new biopolymer systems, it is necessary to obtain insights into the fundamental structures of these systems to determine their structural, physical, and morphological properties, which play a vital role in defining their performance and applications. Microscopic techniques perform a decisive role in revealing intricate details, which assists in the appraisal of microstructure, surface morphology, chemical composition, and interfacial properties. This review highlights the significance of various microscopic techniques incorporating the literature details that help characterize biopolymers and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Venkateshaiah
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (S.W.)
| | - Vinod V.T. Padil
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (S.W.)
| | - Malladi Nagalakshmaiah
- IMT Lille Douai, Department of Polymers and Composites Technology and Mechanical Engineering (TPCIM), 941 rue Charles Bourseul, CS10838, F-59508 Douai, France
| | - Stanisław Waclawek
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (S.W.)
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic; (A.V.); (S.W.)
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Zhang B, Wang J, Li Z, Ma M, Jia S, Li X. Use of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin as a dual functional component in xanthan hydrogel for sustained drug release and antibacterial activity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Brunchi CE, Avadanei M, Bercea M, Morariu S. Chain conformation of xanthan in solution as influenced by temperature and salt addition. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Wu M, Qu J, Tian X, Zhao X, Shen Y, Shi Z, Chen P, Li G, Ma T. Tailor-made polysaccharides containing uniformly distributed repeating units based on the xanthan gum skeleton. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:646-653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Gel properties of xanthan containing a single repeating unit with saturated pyruvate produced by an engineered Xanthomonas campestris CGMCC 15155. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Ordered conformation of xanthan in solutions and “weak gels”: Single helix, double helix – or both? Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Chmelař J, Bělský P, Mrázek J, Švadlák D, Hermannová M, Šlouf M, Krakovský I, Šmejkalová D, Velebný V. Nanostructure of hyaluronan acyl-derivatives in the solid state. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 195:468-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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28
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Molar mass dependence of structure of xanthan thermally denatured and renatured in dilute solution. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Gunning AP, Morris VJ. Getting the feel of food structure with atomic force microscopy. Food Hydrocoll 2018; 78:62-76. [PMID: 29725154 PMCID: PMC5873460 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the progress in the development of the atomic force microscope as an imaging tool and a force transducer, with particular reference to applications in food science. Use as an imaging tool has matured and emphasis is placed on the novel insights gained from the use of the technique to study food macromolecules and food colloids, and the subsequent applications of this new knowledge in food science. Use as a force transducer is still emerging and greater emphasis is given on the methodology and analysis. Where available, applications of force measurements between molecules or between larger colloidal particles are discussed, where they have led to new insights or solved problems related to food science. The future prospects of the technique in imaging or through force measurements are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Patrick Gunning
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK1
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Mohsin A, Zhang K, Hu J, Salim-ur-Rehman, Tariq M, Zaman WQ, Khan IM, Zhuang Y, Guo M. Optimized biosynthesis of xanthan via effective valorization of orange peels using response surface methodology: A kinetic model approach. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:793-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Merino-González A, Kozina A. Influence of aggregation on characterization of dilute xanthan solutions. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:834-842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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Obituary. Carbohydr Polym 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Teckentrup J, Al-Hammood O, Steffens T, Bednarz H, Walhorn V, Niehaus K, Anselmetti D. Comparative analysis of different xanthan samples by atomic force microscopy. J Biotechnol 2016; 257:2-8. [PMID: 27919690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide xanthan which is produced by the γ-proteobacterium Xanthomonas campestris is used as a food thickening agent and rheologic modifier in numerous food, cosmetics and technical applications. Its great commercial importance stimulated biotechnological approaches to optimize the xanthan production. By targeted genetic modification the metabolism of Xanthomonas can be modified in such a way that the xanthan production efficiency and/or the shear-thickening potency is optimized. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) the secondary structure of single xanthan polymers produced by the wild type Xanthomonas campestris B100 and several genetically modified variations were analyzed. We found a wide variation of characteristic differences between xanthan molecules produced by different strains. The structures ranged from single-stranded coiled polymers to branched xanthan double-strands. These results can help to get a better understanding of the polymerization- and secretion-machinery that are relevant for xanthan synthesis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the xanthan secondary structure strongly correlates with its viscosifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Teckentrup
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Orooba Al-Hammood
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Tim Steffens
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Hanna Bednarz
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Volker Walhorn
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Karsten Niehaus
- Proteome and Metabolome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Dario Anselmetti
- Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Germany.
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Brunchi CE, Bercea M, Morariu S, Avadanei M. Investigations on the interactions between xanthan gum and poly(vinyl alcohol) in solid state and aqueous solutions. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Brunchi CE, Bercea M, Morariu S, Dascalu M. Some properties of xanthan gum in aqueous solutions: effect of temperature and pH. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-016-1015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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