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Yu L, Zou C, Li Q, Liu Z, Liu Y, Tang A. Improving efficiency and reducing enzyme inactivation during lipase-mediated epoxidation of α-pinene in a double-phase reaction system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02902-4. [PMID: 37470869 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic epoxidation of olefin mediated by lipase is a green and environmentally friendly alternative process. However, the mass transfer barrier and lipase deactivation caused by the traditional organic-water biphasic reaction system have always been the focus of researchers' attention. To overcome these issues, we investigated the effects of reaction temperature and two important substrates (H2O2 and acyl donor) on the epoxidation reaction and interfacial mass transfer. As a result, we determined the optimal reaction conditions: a temperature of 30 °C, 30 wt-% H2O2 as the oxygen source, and 1 M lauric acid as the oxygen carrier. Additionally, by simulating the conditions of shaking flask reactions, we designed a batch reactor and added a metal mesh to effectively block the direct contact between high-concentration hydrogen peroxide and the enzyme. Under these optimal conditions, the epoxidation reaction was carried out for 5 h, and the product yield reached a maximum of 93.2%. Furthermore, after seven repetitive experiments, the lipase still maintained a relative activity of 51.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingyun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Youyan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Aixing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Xu L, Qin Y, Song Y, Tang A, Liu Y. Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked Rhizopus oryzae whole cells show improved catalytic performance in alkene epoxidation. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:33. [PMID: 36814268 PMCID: PMC9948446 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing methods for alkene epoxidation are based on lipase-catalysed perhydrolysis. However, the inactivation of the expensive lipase enzyme is problematic for enzymatic epoxidation at large scales due to the use of hydrogen peroxide and peracids at high concentrations in the reaction. The immobilisation of whole cells appears to be a promising approach to alleviate this problem. RESULTS A green oxidation system containing hydrogen peroxide, Na3C6H5O7, an acyl donor, and glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked cells of Rhizopus oryzae was developed for the epoxidation of alkenes. GA-crosslinked cells of Rhizopus oryzae were adopted as a biocatalyst into the epoxidation system. A variety of alkenes were oxidised with this system, with a 56-95% analytical yield of the corresponding epoxides. The catalytic performance of the crosslinked treated cells was substantially improved compared to that of the untreated cells and the initial reaction rate increased from 126.71 to 234.72 mmol/L/h, retaining 83% yields even after four batches of reactions. The addition of 3.5 mmol Na3C6H5O7 not only acts as an acid-trapping reagent to eliminate the negative effect of the carboxylic acid on the alkene oxide but also forms a saturated salt solution with the aqueous phase, affecting the concentration of H2O2 in the three phases and thus the epoxidation reaction. Organic solvents with a logP value > 0.68 were good at producing hydroxy peracids; however, this method is only suitable for oxidation in a two-liquid phase. CONCLUSIONS Compared with other lipase biocatalysts, the GA-crosslinked whole-cell biocatalyst is inexpensive, readily available, and highly stable. Therefore, it can be considered promising for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xu
- grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China ,grid.508037.90000 0004 8002 2532College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011 China ,grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Yimin Qin
- grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Yufeng Song
- grid.508037.90000 0004 8002 2532College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011 China
| | - Aixing Tang
- grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China ,grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Youyan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Polymer/Enzyme Composite Materials—Versatile Catalysts with Multiple Applications. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant interest was granted lately to enzymes, which are versatile catalysts characterized by natural origin, with high specificity and selectivity for particular substrates. Additionally, some enzymes are involved in the production of high-valuable products, such as antibiotics, while others are known for their ability to transform emerging contaminates, such as dyes and pesticides, to simpler molecules with a lower environmental impact. Nevertheless, the use of enzymes in industrial applications is limited by their reduced stability in extreme conditions and by their difficult recovery and reusability. Rationally, enzyme immobilization on organic or inorganic matrices proved to be one of the most successful innovative approaches to increase the stability of enzymatic catalysts. By the immobilization of enzymes on support materials, composite biocatalysts are obtained that pose an improved stability, preserving the enzymatic activity and some of the support material’s properties. Of high interest are the polymer/enzyme composites, which are obtained by the chemical or physical attachment of enzymes on polymer matrices. This review highlights some of the latest findings in the field of polymer/enzyme composites, classified according to the morphology of the resulting materials, following their most important applications.
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Martins GDS, Staudt A, Sutili FK, Malafaia CRA, Leal ICR. Solvent screening, optimization and kinetic parameters of the biocatalytic epoxidation reaction of β-pinene mediated by Novozym®435. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:867-878. [PMID: 35723788 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Monoterpenes, such as beta-pinene, are secondary metabolites widely used in the flavors and fragrance industries and can have their structure altered to enhance their applicability, such as producing epoxides, which are used as intermediaries for pharmaceuticals. Epoxides are commonly synthesized by the use of inorganic acids as catalysts, although the acid medium induces epoxide degradation. To overcome these limitations biocatalysis is shown as an alternative. Related to, this work aimed to perform the synthesis of β-Pinene epoxide using Pseudozyma antarctica lipase B (Novozym®435) as a biocatalyst, while determining the independent variables that influence the reaction using experimental design tools. Different solvent systems were evaluated (cyclohexane, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane) until 72 h reaction time, from which ethyl acetate showed higher conversion into the epoxidized product (40% in 24 h). Under the other solvents systems, several oxidized by-products were obtained, such as ketones and aldehydes. Moreover, applying metrics of green chemistry, ethyl acetate was also corroborated as the most promising solvent, with a higher atom economy (66.8%) in comparison to the others (41.3%), and a smaller E-value (1.19). Ethyl acetate was the solvent/acyl donor of choice and had the molar ratio and percentage of biocatalyst increased, which resulted in 80% of the product after 3 h of reaction. To obtain an optimized model, four independent variables (temperature, stirring, molar ratio, percentage of biocatalyst) were evaluated using experimental design tools, Fractional Factorial Design and Central Composite Rotatable Design, with conversions ranging from 23 to 95% after 3 h. All the independent variables were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and had different degrees of impact on the conversion. Kinetic parameters of the reaction were determined using the Lineweaver-Burk model (results under 30.1 mmol for Km and 10.7 mmol.min-1 for Vmax). In conclusion, the combination of two different tools of experimental design provided the development of an optimized model for beta-Pinene epoxidation, achieving high conversion to the epoxidized product after 3 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Dos Santos Martins
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays, Natural Products and Food Department, Center of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, N. 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Amanda Staudt
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays, Natural Products and Food Department, Center of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, N. 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Felipe Korbus Sutili
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioprocess, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, State University of São Paulo, Botucatu, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Camila Rodrigues Adão Malafaia
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays, Natural Products and Food Department, Center of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, N. 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Ivana Correa Ramos Leal
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Biological Assays, Natural Products and Food Department, Center of Health Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, N. 373, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Su W, Li Q, Liu Y, Qin Y, Liu H, Tang A. Improved efficiency of lipase-mediated epoxidation of α-pinene using H2O2 in single-phase systems. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Nasrollahzadeh M, Shafiei N, Nezafat Z, Soheili Bidgoli NS, Soleimani F. Recent progresses in the application of cellulose, starch, alginate, gum, pectin, chitin and chitosan based (nano)catalysts in sustainable and selective oxidation reactions: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Recent Trends in Biomaterials for Immobilization of Lipases for Application in Non-Conventional Media. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of biomaterials as novel carrier materials for lipase immobilization has been investigated by many research groups over recent years. Biomaterials such as agarose, starch, chitin, chitosan, cellulose, and their derivatives have been extensively studied since they are non-toxic materials, can be obtained from a wide range of sources and are easy to modify, due to the high variety of functional groups on their surfaces. However, although many lipases have been immobilized on biomaterials and have shown potential for application in biocatalysis, special features are required when the biocatalyst is used in non-conventional media, for example, in organic solvents, which are required for most reactions in organic synthesis. In this article, we discuss the use of biomaterials for lipase immobilization, highlighting recent developments in the synthesis and functionalization of biomaterials using different methods. Examples of effective strategies designed to result in improved activity and stability and drawbacks of the different immobilization protocols are discussed. Furthermore, the versatility of different biocatalysts for the production of compounds of interest in organic synthesis is also described.
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Negoi A, Parvulescu VI, Tudorache M. Peroxidase-based biocatalysis in a two-phase system for allylic oxidation of α-pinene. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hoarau M, Badieyan S, Marsh ENG. Immobilized enzymes: understanding enzyme – surface interactions at the molecular level. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9539-9551. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01880k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between immobilized enzymes and supporting surfaces are complex and context-dependent and can significantly alter enzyme structure, stability and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hoarau
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | | | - E. Neil G. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry
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Méndez-Sánchez D, Lavandera I, Gotor V, Gotor-Fernández V. Novel chemoenzymatic oxidation of amines into oximes based on hydrolase-catalysed peracid formation. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3196-3201. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The efficient transformation of benzylamines into the corresponding oximes has been described by means of a chemoenzymatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Méndez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Iván Lavandera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias
- Universidad de Oviedo
- 33006 Oviedo
- Spain
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