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Fanova A, Sotiropoulos K, Radulescu A, Papagiannopoulos A. Advances in Small Angle Neutron Scattering on Polysaccharide Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:490. [PMID: 38399868 PMCID: PMC10891522 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide materials and biomaterials gain the focus of intense research owing to their great versatility in chemical structures and modification possibilities, as well as their biocompatibility, degradability, and sustainability features. This review focuses on the recent advances in the application of SANS on polysaccharide systems covering a broad range of materials such as nanoparticulate assemblies, hydrogels, nanocomposites, and plant-originating nanostructured systems. It motivates the use of SANS in its full potential by demonstrating the features of contrast variation and contrast matching methods and by reporting the methodologies for data analysis and interpretation. As these soft matter systems may be organized in multiple length scales depending on the interactions and chemical bonds between their components, SANS offers exceptional and unique opportunities for advanced characterization and optimization of new nanostructured polysaccharide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Fanova
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany; (A.F.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Aurel Radulescu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany; (A.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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Tegopoulos SN, Papagiannopoulos A, Kyritsis A. Hydration effects on thermal transitions and molecular mobility in Xanthan gum polysaccharides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:3462-3473. [PMID: 38205826 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04643e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the xanthan gum (XG) polysaccharide is studied over a wide range of temperatures and water fractions 0 ≤ hw ≤ 0.70 (on a wet basis) by employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). The investigation reveals that the critical water fraction for ice formation is about 0.35. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was determined through calorimetry experiments for all the samples studied. Water acts as a strong plasticizer, i.e., decreasing Tg, for water fractions up to about 0.35. A secondary (local) relaxation process is recorded in both dry and hydrated samples, which is sensitive to the presence of water molecules. This fact indicates that this process originates due to the orientation of small polar groups of the side chain, or/and due to the local main chain dynamics. Two types of long-range charge transport processes were resolved. The first is related to the conductive paths being formed via bulk-like ice structures (at high hydration levels), whereas the second can be attributed to proton mobility via the hydrogen bond (HB) network of non-freezing water existing in XG. Interestingly, this process is exactly the same in all the hydrated samples with hw > 0.25. With respect to the sample with hw = 0.27, a Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF)-like polarization process has also been recorded which seems to be related to long-range charge mobility via interconnected water clusters. As far as we are aware, this is the first time that XG is studied in terms of glass transition and molecular mobility over a wide range of hydration levels combining DSC and BDS techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis N Tegopoulos
- Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece.
| | - Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens, 15780, Greece.
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Xanthan gum in aqueous solutions: Fundamentals and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:583-604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tomofuji Y, Matsuo K, Terao K. Kinetics of denaturation and renaturation processes of double-stranded helical polysaccharide, xanthan in aqueous sodium chloride. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118681. [PMID: 34742411 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements were made for three xanthan samples, a double helical polysaccharide, in 5 or 10 mM aqueous NaCl after rapid temperature change to investigate the kinetics of the conformational change between the ordered and disordered states. After the rapid heating, the CD signal mainly reflecting the carbonyl groups on the side chains quickly changed (<150 s) while the scattering intensity from SAXS around q (magnitude of the scattering vector) = 1 nm-1 changed more gradually, reflecting the main-chain conformation. The difference between CD and SAXS implies us the intermediate conformation which can be regarded as a loose double helix. The SAXS profile in the rapid cooling process showed that the loose double helical structure was constructed within 150 s, but the CD signal slowly changed with around 2 days to recover the native tight double helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tomofuji
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Koichi Matsuo
- Hiroshiema Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Ken Terao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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Wang L, Xiang D, Li C, Zhang W, Bai X. Effects of deacetylation on properties and conformation of xanthan gum. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Xanthan-based polysaccharide/protein nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, encapsulation and stabilization of curcumin. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Wang L, Xiang D, Li C, Zhang W, Bai X. Effects of lyophilization and low-temperature treatment on the properties and conformation of xanthan gum. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wang L, Li Y, Xiang D, Zhang W, Bai X. Stability of lutein in O/W emulsion prepared using xanthan and propylene glycol alginate. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:371-379. [PMID: 32084481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Lutein is a hydrophobic carotenoid with diverse bioactivities. For encapsulating the molecule in a novel method, we prepared two emulsions from xanthan and propylene glycol alginate at the ratios of 3:7 and 4:6. The instability index and particle size of the emulsions were determined using a stability analyzer and laser particle size analyzer. The influence of crystallization on the emulsions was observed under a polarizing microscope. The effects of centrifugal force and storage on the lutein emulsions were analyzed by measuring the changes in absorbance. The results showed that the emulsion fabricated by xanthan and propylene glycol alginate at the ratio of 4:6 was highly stable, and crystals were dispersed when xanthan and propylene glycol alginate existed. These results revealed that the hydrophobicity and absorption kinetics of emulsifiers would determine the stability of emulsion when the viscosity of emulsifiers reached a certain value, and the stability of emulsions would affect the stability of lutein in the emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Food Science, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yujie Li
- College of Food Science, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- College of Food Science, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Weimin Zhang
- College of Food Science, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xinpeng Bai
- College of Food Science, Hainan University, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, No.58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
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Papagiannopoulos A, Vlassi E, Radulescu A. Reorganizations inside thermally stabilized protein/polysaccharide nanocarriers investigated by small angle neutron scattering. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:218-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lopez CG, Colby RH, Cabral JT. Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions in NaCMC Aqueous Solutions: Effect of Degree of Substitution. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G. Lopez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - João T. Cabral
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Sotiropoulos K, Papagiannopoulos A. Modification of xanthan solution properties by the cationic surfactant DTMAB. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:1213-1219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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