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Qasim U, Suopajärvi T, Sirviö JA, Backman O, Xu C, Liimatainen H. Pickering Emulsions and Hydrophobized Films of Amphiphilic Cellulose Nanofibers Synthesized in Deep Eutectic Solvent. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4113-4122. [PMID: 37611236 PMCID: PMC10498439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a dual-functioning deep eutectic solvent system based on triethylmethylammonium chloride and imidazole was harnessed as a swelling agent and a reaction medium for the esterification of cellulose with n-octyl succinic anhydride (OSA). The modified or amphiphilic cellulose nanofibers (ACNFs), synthesized using three different OSA-to-anhydroglucose unit molar ratios (0.5:1, ACNF-1; 1:1, ACNF-2; and 1.5:1, ACNF-3), were further converted into nanofibers with degree of substitution (DS) values of 0.24-0.66. The ACNFs possessed a lateral dimension of 4.24-9.22 nm and displayed surface activity due to the balance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics. The ACNFs made stable aqueous dispersions; however, the instability index of ACNF-3 (0.51) was higher than those of ACNF-1 (0.29) and ACNF-2 (0.33), which was attributed to the high DS-induced hydrophobicity, causing the instability in water. The amphiphilic nature of ACNFs promoted their performance as stabilizers in oil-in-water Pickering emulsions with average droplet sizes of 4.85 μm (ACNF-1) and 5.48 μm (ACNF-2). Self-standing films of ACNFs showed high contact angles for all the tested DS variants (97.48-114.12°), while their tensile strength was inversely related to DS values (ACNF-1: 115 MPa and ACNF-3: 49.5 MPa). Aqueous dispersions of ACNFs were also tested for coating fruits to increase their shelf life. Coatings improved their shelf life by decreasing oxygen contact and moisture loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Qasim
- Fibre
and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu 90570, Finland
| | - Terhi Suopajärvi
- Fibre
and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu 90570, Finland
| | - Juho Antti Sirviö
- Fibre
and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu 90570, Finland
| | - Oskar Backman
- Laboratory
of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo
Akademi University, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Laboratory
of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo
Akademi University, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - Henrikki Liimatainen
- Fibre
and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu 90570, Finland
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Lu J, Lu S, Cao Q, Huang J, Liu F, Na H, Zhu J, Jia Z. Dual modification of cellulose with esterification and carbonation in DMSO/DBU/CO 2 system as fluorescent additive for pH detection. Carbohydr Res 2022; 520:108630. [PMID: 35820340 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An easy and effective way to synthesize dual-functionalized cellulose derivatives with processability and fluorescence functionality by one-pot modification of successive esterification and carbonation under mild condition is established with the use of DMSO/DBU/CO2 system. Accordingly, four kinds of dual-functionalized cellulose derivatives with rather good fluorescent response are obtained. After blending the synthesized dual-functionalized cellulose derivative with cellulose acetate as functional additive in solution, cast film with the elastic modulus, stress and strain reaches to 2.2 GPa, 34.1 MPa and 5.7% is prepared. Besides, the cast film also exhibits the ability to detect the pH value at 12-14 with detection accuracy of 0.4 through the change of fluorescent color. This research shows a simple but effective way to prepare dual-functionalized cellulose derivatives for the high-quality applications in field of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China; Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 230026, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Qinghua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Juncheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Haining Na
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Polymeric Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
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Willberg-Keyriläinen P, Ropponen J. Evaluation of esterification routes for long chain cellulose esters. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02898. [PMID: 31799468 PMCID: PMC6881692 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long chain cellulose esters are internally plasticized bio-based materials, which have good future potential in several applications such as coatings, films and plastics. The long chain cellulose esters with different side chain lengths were synthesized using different esterification methods. When homogeneous esterification was used, the acyl chloride method was the most effective esterification method and cellulose esters prepared using this method have the highest degree of substitution values (DS). In this case, the long chain cellulose esters showed DS values from 0.3 to 1.3 depending on the side chain length of cellulose esters. CDI activation, vinyl transesterification and anhydride routes resulted in somewhat lower DS values. The cellulose was also pretreated with ozone, which decreased cellulose molar mass, and resulted in synthesized cellulose esters having higher DS and better reaction efficiency than untreated cellulose. When heterogeneous esterifications were used, only acyl chloride method seemed to work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jarmo Ropponen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 4E, P.O Box 1000, FI-02044, VTT, Finland
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Abdelhamid AE, Khalil AM. Polymeric membranes based on cellulose acetate loaded with candle soot nanoparticles for water desalination. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2018.1559698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Abdelhamid
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Khalil
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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