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Xiao Z, Yu P, Sun P, Kang Y, Niu Y, She Y, Zhao D. Inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with isomeric ester aroma compounds: Preparation, characterization, mechanism study, and controlled release. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121977. [PMID: 38494230 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been discovered to provide an efficient solution to the limited application of ester aroma molecules used in food, tobacco, and medication due to their strong smell and unstable storage. This work combined molecular modeling and experimental to analyze the conformation and controlled release of isomeric ester aroma compounds/β-CD inclusion complexes (ICs). The investigation revealed that ester aroma compounds could be effectively encapsulated within the β-CD cavity, forming ICs with low binding affinity. Furthermore, the key driving forces in ICs were identified as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions through theoretical simulation. Results from the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments confirmed the intermolecular interaction predicted by the molecular model. Notably, the release rate of aroma compounds from L-menthyl acetate/β-CD (LMA/β-CD) IC exceeded that of terpinyl acetate/β-CD (TA/β-CD) IC. This difference is attributed to the length of the chain of aroma molecules and the variation in the position of functional groups, influencing the stable formation of ICs with β-CD. These findings hold potential implications for refining the application of ICs across diverse industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuobing Xiao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peiran Yu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Pingli Sun
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yanxiang Kang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yunwei Niu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yuanbin She
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Di Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
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2
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Zhou C, Li L, Li D, Zhang R, Hu S, Zhong K, Yan B. Hyaluronic acid-based multifunctional bio-active coating integrated with cinnamaldehyde/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex for fruit preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132605. [PMID: 38788869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Natural preservatives such as cinnamaldehyde (CIN) are garnering increasing interest to replace their synthetic counterparts in maintaining fruit freshness and safety. However, their long-term effectiveness and widespread application have been greatly limited due to high volatility and potent aroma. To address these challenges, we developed a viable and simple strategy to prepare a multifunctional active coating for fruit preservation by incorporating host-guest inclusion complex of CIN and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) CIN@HP-β-CD into hyaluronic acid (HA), a natural polysaccharide with exceptional film-forming properties. The as-prepared HA/CIN@HP-β-CD coatings exhibited universal surface affinity, excellent antimicrobial performance, and satisfactory antioxidant properties with no potential toxicity. Release kinetic studies have demonstrated that CIN in the coating is continuously and slowly released. Furthermore, freshness preservation experiments on bananas and fresh-cut apples demonstrated that the developed coating is effective in preserving the color of fruit, decreasing the weight loss rate, preventing the microorganism's growth, and significantly extending the period of freshness, exhibiting the potential for application in fruit preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ling Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 643002, China
| | - Rongya Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Shaodong Hu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Bin Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Wang K, Li W, Wu L, Li Y, Li H. Preparation and characterization of chitosan/dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose composite film loaded with cinnamaldehyde@zein nanoparticles for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129586. [PMID: 38266856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, zein-loaded cinnamaldehyde (Cin@ZN) nanoparticles were incorporated into Chitosan (CS)/dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) matrix to fabricate the active food packaging materials possessing outstanding antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The research investigated how varying levels of Cin@ZN nanoparticles affected the morphology, microstructure, physicochemical properties of CS/DCMC composite films. The inclusion of Cin@ZN could significantly improve the mechanical strength, reduce the water vapor and oxygen permeability of CS/DCMC composite films and endow films with UV-light blocking properties. It's worth noting that the antibacterial and antioxidant capacities of CS/DCMC films had an astonishing enhancement with Cin@ZN blending, in which ABTS scavenging ratio of the composite films (100 mg) with different Cin@ZN contents reached >90 %. Furthermore, CS/DCMC/Cin@ZN 35 % composite film has the ability to efficiently protect strawberries from microbial damage and decelerate the spoilage rate of strawberries under ambient condition. Consequently, the CS/DCMC/Cin@ZN composite film can be applied as packaging material to extend the lifespan of fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Linhuanyi Wu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yongshi Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hui Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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4
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Guo Y, Yan M, Zhao W. Cinnamaldehyde grafted porous Aerogel-Organ gel liquid infused surface for achieving difunctional long-term dynamic antifouling. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:833-843. [PMID: 37769362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling caused a number of questions about energy consumption and safety. While there were still some challenges in developing an environmentally friendly, non-toxic and long-term antifouling slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS). Here, we proposed a difunctional antifouling strategy via constructing porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface with a layer of aerogel by sol-gel method and grafted cinnamaldehyde chemically. The improvement in structure enhanced the liquid storage stability of coating, which in turn increases its anti-bioadhesive ability. In addition, the grafted cinnamaldehyde could also be used to act as a chemical antibacterial and is intelligently released in the face of harsh fouling environments, which played a key role in prolonging the antibacterial lifespan of the coating. After the 120-hour anti-bacteria experiment and the 25-day anti-algae experiment, the anti-Escherichia coli (anti-E. coli) rate and the anti-algae rate of the coating reached 99.6% and 99.9%, respectively, which was attributed to the excellent long-term antifouling properties of the coating. The combination of physical and chemical antifouling property made the coating achieve long-term fouling prevention for marine engineering equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Minglong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
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Kumar P, Bhardwaj VK, Purohit R. Highly robust quantum mechanics and umbrella sampling studies on inclusion complexes of curcumin and β-cyclodextrin. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121432. [PMID: 37940299 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The poor aqueous solubility of curcumin (CUR) obstructs its wide utilization in nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical companies. This study is dedicated to investigate the stability of CUR inside the hydrophobic pocket of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), and 2,6-Di-O-methyl-β-CD (DM-β-CD). Initially, molecular mechanics (MM) calculations and subsequently quantum mechanical (QM) calculations were performed on inclusion complexes to strengthen the MM results. We performed microsecond timescale MD simulations to observe the structural dynamics of CUR inside the cavity of CDs. We elucidated the most stable binding orientations of CUR inside the cavity of CDs based on binding free energy obtained from the Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) and umbrella sampling simulations. Furthermore, the two-layered ONIOM (B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p):PM7) method with CPCM implicit water model was used to derive the complete energetics and thermodynamics of inclusion complexes at 1:1 stoichiometry. Each inclusion reaction was exothermic and spontaneous. The chemical reactivity and kinetic stability of inclusion complexes were described by HOMO-LUMO molecular orbital energies. In conclusion, our studies revealed that HP-β-CD had the highest binding affinity for CUR with the most negative complexation energy (-6520.69 kJ/mol) and Gibb's free energy change (-6448.20 kJ/mol). The atomic-level investigation of noncovalent interactions between CUR and the hydroxypropyl groups in HP-β-CD/CUR complex may be helpful to drive new derivatives of HP-β-CD with better host capacity. The computational strategy adopted here might serve as a benchmark for increasing the solubility of numerous clinically significant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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Kumar P, Bhardwaj VK, Purohit R. Dispersion-corrected DFT calculations and umbrella sampling simulations to investigate stability of Chrysin-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 319:121162. [PMID: 37567706 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of inclusion complexes of Chrysin (ChR) with three forms of cyclodextrins (CDs) α-, β-, and γ-CD was accomplished to examine the stability of ChR inside the central cavities of CDs. The aim of study was to identify the most suitable form of CD to improve the hydro-solubility of poorly soluble ChR bioactive molecule. Microsecond timescale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on four inclusion complexes (α-CD/ChR, β-CD/ChR, and two conformations of γ-CD/ChR) to examine the dynamics of ChR inside the cavity of CDs. The first conformation of γ-CD/ChR inclusion complex (γ-CD1/ChR) was identified to possess the highest affinity between host and guest molecule on the basis of binding energy calculated by employing Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) and umbrella sampling simulations. To further strengthen the claims of classical and biased MD studies, Our own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and Molecular mechanics (ONIOM) (wB97XD/6-311+g(d,p):pm7) calculations were performed on the selected inclusion complexes. The ONIOM based complexation energy reaffirmed that ChR had highest affinity for the γ-CD1 host molecule. Further, the non-covalent interaction analysis was conducted using Multiwfn software on QM-optimized inclusion complexes with wB97XD/6-311+G(d,p) model chemistry, revealing non-covalent interactions between ChR and CDs. This atomic level information helped us to gain better insights into critical atoms of ChR and CD that participated in intermolecular interactions and identify γ-CD as a suitable host molecule for improving the hydro-solubulity of ChR. The structural insights would help to derive new derivatives of γ-CD with better host capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
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7
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Bhardwaj VK, Purohit R. A comparative study on inclusion complex formation between formononetin and β-cyclodextrin derivatives through multiscale classical and umbrella sampling simulations. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120729. [PMID: 36925262 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Formononetin, a naturally occurring isoflavone exhibits a wide range of therapeutic applications including antioxidant, anti-tumor, antiviral, anti-diabetic and neuroprotective activities. However, the low hydro-solubility of formononetin has limited its prospective use in cosmetic, neutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Cyclodextrins (CDs), especially β-CD and its derivatives have emerged as promising agents to improve the water solubility of poorly hydrosoluble compounds by the formation of inclusion complexes. We employed multiscale (1000 ns) explicit solvent and umbrella sampling molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the interactions and thermodynamic parameters of inclusion complex formation between formononetin and five most commonly used β-CD derivatives. Classical MD simulations revealed two possible binding conformations of formononetin inside the central cavity of hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD), randomly methylated-β-CD (ME-β-CD), and sulfobutylether-β-CD (SBE-β-CD). The binding conformation with the benzopyrone ring of formononetin inside the central cavity of β-CD derivatives was more frequent than the phenyl group occupying the hydrophobic cavity. These interactions were supported by a variety of non-bonded contacts including hydrogen bonds, pi-lone pair, pi-sigma, and pi-alkyl interactions. Formononetin showed favorable end-state MD-driven thermodynamic binding free energies with all the selected β-CD derivatives, except succinyl-β-CD (S-β-CD). Furthermore, umbrella sampling simulations were used to investigate the interactions and thermodynamic parameters of the host-guest inclusion complexes. The SBE-β-CD/formononetin inclusion complex showed the lowest binding energy signifying the highest affinity among all the selected host-guest inclusion complexes. Our study could be used as a standard for analyzing and comparing the ability of different β-CD derivatives to enhance the hydro-solubility of poorly soluble molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Bhardwaj
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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8
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Song M, Chang C, Wang M, Wang L, He F, Wu S. Insight into the inclusion mechanisms of curcumin in β-cyclodextrin using a screening strategy: Molecular simulation and experimental study. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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9
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Lin R, Zhang J, Xu R, Yuan C, Guo L, Liu P, Fang Y, Cui B. Developments in molecular docking technologies for application of polysaccharide-based materials: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:8540-8552. [PMID: 37077154 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2200833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing pollution of the planet, the search for natural multifunctional alternatives to petroleum-based plastics has assumed to be a great important proposition. Polysaccharides, an inexhaustible natural resource with good biocompatibility as well as mechanical properties, are considered as an ideal alternative to petroleum-based materials. However, blind experimentation and development will inevitably lead to waste of raw materials and contamination of reagents. Therefore, researchers desire a technology which can assist in predicting and screening experimental materials at the higher level. Molecular docking simulations, an emerging computer technology that can effectively predict the structure of interactions between molecules and analyze the optimal conformation, are a common aid for materials and drug design. In this review, we describe the origins and development of molecular docking techniques, mainly performed an overview of various molecular docking software on their applications in the field of different polysaccharide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikang Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ruoxuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yishan Fang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
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Chijcheapaza-Flores H, Tabary N, Chai F, Maton M, Staelens JN, Cazaux F, Neut C, Martel B, Blanchemain N, Garcia-Fernandez MJ. Injectable Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Delivery in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Infections. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030262. [PMID: 36975711 PMCID: PMC10048173 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are among the most common complications in diabetic patients and affect 6.8% of people worldwide. Challenges in the management of this disease are decreased blood diffusion, sclerotic tissues, infection, and antibiotic resistance. Hydrogels are now being used as a new treatment option since they can be used for drug delivery and to improve wound healing. This project aims to combine the properties of hydrogels based on chitosan (CHT) and the polymer of β cyclodextrin (PCD) for local delivery of cinnamaldehyde (CN) in diabetic foot ulcers. This work consisted of the development and characterisation of the hydrogel, the evaluation of the CN release kinetics and cell viability (on a MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell line), and the evaluation of the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity (S. aureus and P. aeruginosa). The results demonstrated the successful development of a cytocompatible (ISO 10993-5) injectable hydrogel with antibacterial (99.99% bacterial reduction) and antibiofilm activity. Furthermore, a partial active molecule release and an increase in hydrogel elasticity were observed in the presence of CN. This leads us to hypothesise that a reaction between CHT and CN (a Schiff base) can occur and that CN could act as a physical crosslinker, thus improving the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogel and limiting CN release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Chijcheapaza-Flores
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Tabary
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Feng Chai
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Mickaël Maton
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Noel Staelens
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Cazaux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christel Neut
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Martel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207-UMET-Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchemain
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maria José Garcia-Fernandez
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008-Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
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Ghosh R, Thomas DS, Arcot J. Molecular Recognition Patterns between Vitamin B12 and Proteins Explored through STD-NMR and In Silico Studies. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030575. [PMID: 36766105 PMCID: PMC9914923 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ligand-receptor molecular recognition is the basis of biological processes. The Saturation Transfer Difference-NMR (STD-NMR) technique has been recently used to gain qualitative and quantitative information about physiological interactions at an atomic resolution. The molecular recognition patterns between the cyanocobalamin (CNBL)/aqua cobalamin (OHBL) and different plant and animal proteins were investigated via STD-NMR supplemented by molecular docking. This study demonstrates that myoglobin has the highest binding affinity and that gluten has the lowest affinity. Casein also shows a higher binding affinity for cyanocobalamin when compared with that of plant-based proteins. STD-NMR results showed the moderate binding capability of casein with both CNBL and OHBL. Computer simulation confirmed the recognition mode in theory and was compared with the experiments. This work is beneficial for understanding the binding affinity and biological action of cyanocobalamin and will attract researchers to use NMR technology to link the chemical and physiological properties of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Ghosh
- Food and Health, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Jayashree Arcot
- Food and Health, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-293855360
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Liu HN, Jiang XX, Naeem A, Chen FC, Wang L, Liu YX, Li Z, Ming LS. Fabrication and Characterization of β-Cyclodextrin/ Mosla Chinensis Essential Oil Inclusion Complexes: Experimental Design and Molecular Modeling. Molecules 2022; 28:37. [PMID: 36615232 PMCID: PMC9822264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are primarily isolated from medicinal plants and possess various biological properties. However, their low water solubility and volatility substantially limit their application potential. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to improve the solubility and stability of the Mosla Chinensis (M. Chinensis) EO by forming an inclusion complex (IC) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Furthermore, the IC formation process was investigated using experimental techniques and molecular modeling. The major components of M. Chinensis 'Jiangxiangru' EOs were carvacrol, thymol, o-cymene, and terpinene, and its IC with β-CD were prepared using the ultrasonication method. Multivariable optimization was studied using a Plackett-Burman design (step 1, identifying key parameters) followed by a central composite design for optimization of the parameters (step 2, optimizing the key parameters). SEM, FT-IR, TGA, and dissolution experiments were performed to analyze the physicochemical properties of the ICs. In addition, the interaction between EO and β-CD was further investigated using phase solubility, molecular docking, and molecular simulation studies. The results showed that the optimal encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of EO in the ICs were 86.17% and 8.92%, respectively. Results of physicochemical properties were different after being encapsulated, indicating that the ICs had been successfully fabricated. Additionally, molecular docking and dynamics simulation showed that β-CD could encapsulate the EO component (carvacrol) via noncovalent interactions. In conclusion, a comprehensive methodology was developed for determining key parameters under multivariate conditions by utilizing two-step optimization experiments to obtain ICs of EO with β-CD. Furthermore, molecular modeling was used to study the mechanisms involved in molecular inclusion complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhe Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Liang-Shan Ming
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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13
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Chiral Discrimination Mechanisms by Silylated-Acetylated Cyclodextrins: Superficial Interactions vs. Inclusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113169. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrin derivatives constitute a powerful class of auxiliary agents for the discrimination of apolar chiral substrates. Both host–guest inclusion phenomena and interactions with the derivatizing groups located on the surface of the macrocycle could drive the enantiodiscrimination; thus, it is important to understand the role that these processes play in the rational design of new chiral selectors. The purpose of this study is to compare via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy the efficiency of silylated-acetylated α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins in the chiral discrimination of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)-3-methoxypropane (compound B) and methyl 2-chloropropionate (MCP). NMR DOSY (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY) experiments were conducted for the determination of the bound molar fractions and the association constants, whereas ROESY (Rotating-frame Overhauser Enhancement SpectroscopY) measurements provided information on the hosts’ conformation and on the interaction phenomena with the guests. Compound B, endowed with fluorinated moieties, is not deeply included due to attractive Si-F interactions occurring at the external surface of the cyclodextrins. Therefore, a low selectivity toward the size of cyclodextrin cavity is found. By contrast, enantiodiscrimination of MCP relies on the optimal fitting between the size of the guest and that of the cyclodextrin cavity.
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14
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Paiva-Santos AC, Ferreira L, Peixoto D, Silva F, Soares MJ, Zeinali M, Zafar H, Mascarenhas-Melo F, Raza F, Mazzola PG, Veiga F. Cyclodextrins as an encapsulation molecular strategy for volatile organic compounds – pharmaceutical applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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15
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Fluorescein Derivative Immobilized Optical Hydrogels: Fabrication and Its Application for Detection of H 2O 2. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153005. [PMID: 35893976 PMCID: PMC9332226 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel fluorescein-based probe FLA-Boe was developed for detecting H2O2. Modified by 2-Bromomethylphenylboronic acid pinacol ester, FLA-Boe is a Fluorescein derivative with eminent photostability and remarkable H2O2 sensitivity and selectivity. FLA-Boe was utilized to synthesize hydrogel sensors in the manner of guest–host interaction by taking advantage of its aforementioned features. The hydrogel sensor can be used to detect H2O2 effectively in both flowing and static water environments with satisfactory performance. It is expected that this application may open a new page to develop a neoteric fluorescent property analysis method aiming at H2O2 detection.
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16
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Qian ZJ, Zhang J, Xu WR, Zhang YC. Development of active packaging films based on liquefied shrimp shell chitin and polyvinyl alcohol containing β-cyclodextrin/cinnamaldehyde inclusion. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:67-76. [PMID: 35700847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To maintain the freshness of fruits and to meet environmental and consumer needs, a biobased packaging film with long-lasting antimicrobial activity was developed in this article. Liquefied ball-milled shrimp shell chitin/polyvinyl alcohol (LBSC/PVA) blend films containing varying concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wt%) of the β-cyclodextrin/cinnamaldehyde (β-CD/CA) inclusion were prepared and characterized. The association between β-CD and CA and the sustained release behavior of CA were explored. The physicochemical property, antimicrobial activity and food preservation performance of the films were investigated. Results showed that CA was successfully encapsulated into the cavity of CD by host-guest interactions, which greatly improved the sustained release of CA. The 3 wt% β-CD/CA/LBSC/PVA blend film showed optimized mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 41.5 MPa and an elongation at break of 810 %. In addition, the incorporation of β-CD/CA inclusion significantly enhanced the antimicrobial activity and food preservation performance of the blend films. Moreover, the 3 wt% β-CD/CA/LBSC/PVA blend film exhibited evidently longer lasting antimicrobial activity and cherry tomato preservation performance than the 3 wt% CA/LBSC/PVA blend film, further demonstrating the critical role of β-CD in delaying CA release. These novel β-CD/CA/LBSC/PVA blend films may have a potential use in active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology or School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology or School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wen-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology or School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yu-Cang Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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17
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Ding B, Yu Y, Geng S, Liu B, Hao Y, Liang G. Computational Methods for the Interaction between Cyclodextrins and Natural Compounds: Technology, Benefits, Limitations, and Trends. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2466-2482. [PMID: 35170315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have a hollow structure with a hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic exterior. Forming inclusion complexes with CDs will maximize the bioavailability of natural compounds and enable active components to be processed into functional foods, medicines, additives, and so forth. However, experimental methods cannot explain CD-guest binding at the atomic level. Different models have been recently developed to simulate the interaction between CDs and guests to study the binding conformation and analyze noncovalent forces. This review paper summarizes modeling methods of CD-natural compound complexes. The methods include quantitative structure-activity relationships, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and quantum-chemical calculations. The applications of these methods to enhance the solubility and bioactivities of guest molecules, assist material transportation, and promote compound extraction are also discussed. The purpose of this review is to explore interaction mechanisms of CDs and guests and to help expand new applications of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botian Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuandong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Sheng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Benguo Liu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Youjin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Guizhao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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18
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Wang W, Ye Z, Gao H, Ouyang D. Computational pharmaceutics - A new paradigm of drug delivery. J Control Release 2021; 338:119-136. [PMID: 34418520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades pharmaceutics and drug delivery have become increasingly critical in the pharmaceutical industry due to longer time, higher cost, and less productivity of new molecular entities (NMEs). However, current formulation development still relies on traditional trial-and-error experiments, which are time-consuming, costly, and unpredictable. With the exponential growth of computing capability and algorithms, in recent ten years, a new discipline named "computational pharmaceutics" integrates with big data, artificial intelligence, and multi-scale modeling techniques into pharmaceutics, which offered great potential to shift the paradigm of drug delivery. Computational pharmaceutics can provide multi-scale lenses to pharmaceutical scientists, revealing physical, chemical, mathematical, and data-driven details ranging across pre-formulation studies, formulation screening, in vivo prediction in the human body, and precision medicine in the clinic. The present paper provides a comprehensive and detailed review in all areas of computational pharmaceutics and "Pharma 4.0", including artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, molecular modeling, mathematical modeling, process simulation, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. We not only summarized the theories and progress of these technologies but also discussed the regulatory requirements, current challenges, and future perspectives in the area, such as talent training and a culture change in the future pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Zhuyifan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hanlu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau, China.
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19
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Muhoza B, Qi B, Harindintwali JD, Koko MYF, Zhang S, Li Y. Encapsulation of cinnamaldehyde: an insight on delivery systems and food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2521-2543. [PMID: 34515594 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1977236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is an essential oil extracted from the leaves, bark, roots and flowers of cinnamon plants (genus Cinnamomum). Cinnamaldehyde has shown biological functions such as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-cancer. However, poor solubility in water as well as molecular sensitivity to oxygen, light, and high temperature limit the direct application of cinnamaldehyde. Researchers are using different encapsulation techniques to maximize the potential biological functions of cinnamaldehyde. Different delivery systems such as liposomes, emulsions, biopolymer nanoparticles, complex coacervation, molecular inclusion, and spray drying have been developed for this purpose. The particle size and morphology, composition and physicochemical properties influence the performance of each delivery system. Consequently, the individual delivery system has its advantages and limitations for specific applications. Given the essential role of cinnamaldehyde in functional food and food preservation, appropriate approaches should be applied in the encapsulation and application of encapsulated cinnamaldehyde. This review systematically analyzes available encapsulation techniques for cinnamaldehyde in terms of their design, properties, advantages and limitations, and food application status. The information provided in this manuscript will assist in the development and widespread use of cinnamaldehyde-loaded particles in the food and beverage industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Muhoza
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jean Damascene Harindintwali
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin, China.,National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin, China
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20
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Sun Q, Zhai Y, Wang W, Gan N, Zhang S, Suo Z, Li H. Molecular recognition patterns between vitamin B12 and human serum albumin explored through STD-NMR and spectroscopic methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 258:119828. [PMID: 33930850 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ligand-receptor molecular recognitionis the basis of biological process. The Saturation Transfer Difference-NMR (STD-NMR) technique has been recently used to gain qualitative and quantitative information about physiological interactions at atomic-resolution. The molecular recognition patterns between Vitamin B12 (VB12) and human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated by STD-NMR supplemented by other spectroscopies and molecular docking. STD-NMR delivered a complete picture that the substituent groups on the tetrapyrrole ring of VB12 interacted with site III of HSA through binding epitope mapping and competitive probe experiments. STD-NMR and fluorescence results proved the moderate binding capability of VB12 and clarified a static, spontaneous, and temperature-sensitive binding mechanism. 3D-fluorencence, FT-IR and circular dichroism spectra showed a compact protein structure by interacting with VB12. Size distribution and surface hydrophobicity showed the surface properties changes of HSA caused by the binding of VB12. Computer simulation confirmed the recognition mode in theory and was compared with experiments. This work is beneficial for understanding the safety and biological action of VB12, and will attract researchers interested in NMR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuanming Zhai
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Na Gan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zili Suo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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21
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Zhang L, Huang C, Xu Y, Huang H, Zhao H, Wang J, Wang S. Synthesis and characterization of antibacterial polylactic acid film incorporated with cinnamaldehyde inclusions for fruit packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4547-4555. [PMID: 32946936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To maintain the quality of postharvest fruits continuously and meet the health requirements of consumers, a high barrier and long-lasting antibacterial polylactic acid film as packaging material was developed in this study. Polylactic acid-based antibacterial films incorporated with Cinnamaldehyde inclusions were used to achieve long-lasting antibacterial activity and improve the barrier properties. Cinnamaldehyde inclusions were prepared via the inclusion method and used as a sustained-release antibacterial agent and reinforcement to be incorporated into polylactic acid-based films within a concentration range of 0-30 wt%. The FT-IR spectrum demonstrated that the Cinnamaldehyde inclusions was physically interacting with PLA. The XRD results showed that the cinnamaldehyde inclusions at a concentration of 10 wt% enhanced the crystallinity of the antibacterial film. The oxygen and water vapor barrier properties of the film were respectively 14.29% and 12.38% higher than those of a pure PLA film. The tensile strength of the antibacterial film increased by 20%. And the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes was 100%. The release rate of cinnamaldehyde of the antibacterial film was slow and varied smoothly for 20 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyun Zhang
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chongxing Huang
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yangfan Xu
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Haohe Huang
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- School of Light Industry & Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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22
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Zhao L, Sun Q, Pu H, Tang P, Liu Y, Li M, Ren X, Li H. Experimental and computer simulation investigations of ethyl red with modified β-cyclodextrins: Inclusion mechanism and structure characterization. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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24
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Study on the synthesis and drug-loading optimization of beta-cyclodextrin polymer microspheres containing ornidazole. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Ketoconazole and Ketoconazole/β-cyclodextrin performance on cotton wound dressing as fungal skin treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Li S, Zhang Y, Khan AR, He S, Wang Y, Xu J, Zhai G. Quantitative prediction of the bitterness of atomoxetine hydrochloride and taste-masked using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: A biosensor evaluation and interaction study. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:492-505. [PMID: 32952672 PMCID: PMC7486553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bitterness of a drug is a major challenge for patient acceptability and compliance, especially for children. Due to the toxicity of medication, a human taste panel test has certain limitations. Atomoxetine hydrochloride (HCl), which is used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has an extremely bitter taste. The aim of this work is to quantitatively predict the bitterness of atomoxetine HCl by a biosensor system. Based on the mechanism of detection of the electronic tongue (E-tongue), the bitterness of atomoxetine HCl was evaluated, and it was found that its bitterness was similar to that of quinine HCl. The bitterness threshold of atomoxetine HCl was 8.61 µg/ml based on the Change of membrane Potential caused by Adsorption (CPA) value of the BT0 sensor. In this study, the taste-masking efficiency of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CyD) was assessed by Euclidean distances on a principle component analysis (PCA) map with the SA402B Taste Sensing System, and the host-guest interactions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biosensor evaluation and characterization of the inclusion complex indicated that atomoxetine HCl could actively react with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Shandong Dyne Marine Biopharmaceutical Limited Corporation, Rongcheng, 264300, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Shandong Dyne Marine Biopharmaceutical Limited Corporation, Rongcheng, 264300, China
| | - Abdur Rauf Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shuwang He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Shandong Dyne Marine Biopharmaceutical Limited Corporation, Rongcheng, 264300, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Development, Shandong Dyne Marine Biopharmaceutical Limited Corporation, Rongcheng, 264300, China
| | - Jiangkang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
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27
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Zhu W, Wu J, Guo X, Sun X, Li Q, Wang J, Chen L. Development and physicochemical characterization of chitosan hydrochloride/sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles for cinnamaldehyde entrapment. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13197. [PMID: 32189350 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the cinnamaldehyde (CA) loaded nanoparticles were synthesized by directly cross-linking chitosan hydrochloride (CSH) and sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD). The CA/SBE-β-CD inclusion complex was firstly prepared, and its highest encapsulation efficiency (EE) was 86.34%. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope results indicated that the inclusion complex showed massive aggregates with a coarse and fluffy texture and irregular surface. Then, the inclusion complex interacted with CSH to form nanoparticles. The EE of CA in nanoparticles was improved. Atomic force microscopy showed the nanoparticles had regular and spherical morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that CA was mainly encapsulated in the inner place of CSH/SBE-β-CD nanoparticles (CSNs). The enhanced thermal stability of the nanoparticles was found in differential scanning calorimeter. X-ray diffraction implied that CA-CSNs existed in the amorphous state. CA-CSNs had excellent slow release property. Further, the bacteriostatic effect of CA-CSNs was much better than that of CA and CSNs. All the results indicated that CSNs can be used as a promising carrier to encapsulate CA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: CA is an effective antimicrobial and generally recognized as Safe-GRAS. CA also exhibits many other bioactivities and has been commonly used for digestive, cardiovascular and immune system diseases. However, CA is easy to be oxidized and volatilized during storage for poor water solubility. The nanoencapsulations display the capacities of enhancing solubility of bioactive compounds, protecting them from degradation, and prolonging their residence. In this manuscript, CA loaded nanoparticles were investigated. The results suggested that the nanoencapsulation could benefit for improving water solubility and stability of CA. This strategy could be helpful for its application and development in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jiulin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoban Guo
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiang Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, P.R. China
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28
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Development of Starch-Based Antifungal Coatings by Incorporation of Natamycin/Methyl- β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex for Postharvest Treatments on Cherry Tomato against Botrytis cinerea. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213962. [PMID: 31683794 PMCID: PMC6864615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of natamycin as a natural fungicide in edible coatings is challenging because of its low aqueous solubility. In this study, the natamycin/methyl-β-cyclodextrin (N/ME-β-CD) inclusion complex was fabricated and incorporated into waxy corn starch-based coatings for postharvest treatments. The phase solubility of natamycin in the presence of ME-β-CD at 293.2 K, 303.2 K, and 313.2 K is determined and used to calculate the process thermodynamic parameters. The N/ME-β-CD inclusion complex was confirmed and characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated that the inclusion complex was formed and the hydrophobic part (C16-C26) of natamycin might be partially inserted into the cavity of ME-β-CD form the wide rim. The effects of N/ME-β-CD incorporated starch-based coatings (N/ME-β-CD S coatings) on postharvest treatments of cherry tomatoes were evaluated in vivo. The N/ME-β-CD S coatings could reduce weight loss, delay fruit ripening, and inhibit fruit decay caused by Botrytis cinerea in tomato fruit during storage.
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Yildiz ZI, Kilic ME, Durgun E, Uyar T. Molecular Encapsulation of Cinnamaldehyde within Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex Electrospun Nanofibers: Fast-Dissolution, Enhanced Water Solubility, High Temperature Stability, and Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11066-11076. [PMID: 31508948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrospinning of nanofibers (NFs) of cinnamaldehyde inclusion complexes (ICs) with two different hydroxypropylated cyclodextrins (CDs), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (HP-γ-CD), was successfully performed in order to produce cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NFs without using an additional polymer matrix. The inclusion complexation between cinnamaldehyde and hydroxypropylated CDs was studied by computational molecular modeling, and the results suggested that HP-β-CD and HP-γ-CD can be inclusion complexed with cinnamaldehyde at 1:1 and 2:1 (cinnamaldehyde/CD) molar ratios. Additionally, molecular modeling and phase solubility studies showed that water solubility of cinnamaldehyde dramatically increases with cyclodextrin inclusion complex (CD-IC) formation. The HP-β-CD has shown slightly stronger binding with cinnamaldehyde when compared to HP-γ-CD for cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC. Although cinnamaldehyde is a highly volatile compound, it was effectively preserved with high loading by the cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NFs. It was also observed that cinnamaldehyde has shown much higher temperature stability in cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NFs compared to uncomplexed cinnamaldehyde because of the inclusion complexation state of cinnamaldehyde within the hydroxypropylated CD cavity. Moreover, cinnamaldehyde still has kept its antibacterial activity in cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NF samples when tested against Escherichia coli. In addition, cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NF mats were fast-dissolving in water, even though pure cinnamaldehyde has a water-insoluble nature. In brief, self-standing nanofibrous mats of electrospun cinnamaldehyde/CD-IC NFs are potentially applicable in food, oral-care, healthcare, and pharmaceutics because of their fast-dissolving character, enhanced water solubility, stability at elevated temperature, and promising antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra I Yildiz
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 , Turkey
| | - Mehmet E Kilic
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 , Turkey
| | - Engin Durgun
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 , Turkey
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 , Turkey
| | - Tamer Uyar
- Institute of Materials Science & Nanotechnology , Bilkent University , Ankara 06800 , Turkey
- Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design, College of Human Ecology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States
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Wu Y, Xiao Y, Wang X, Li X, Wang Y. Chirality Discrimination at the Single Molecule Level by Using a Cationic Supermolecule Quasi-Gated Organic Field Effect Transistor. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2009-2017. [PMID: 31274289 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Achieving rapid and highly sensitive small molecule chiral discrimination is a great challenge in modern-day analytical sciences. Herein, an organic field effect transistors (OFET) is developed by employing an imidazolium 3,5-dimethylphenylcabamoylated-β-cyclodextrin (Im+-Ph-β-CD) as both the recognition unit and a quasi gate, which induces a secondary accumulation channel of electrons in the n-type transistor to achieve the signal transduction and amplification via field effect. The charge of the imidazolium group is partially shielded due to its self-inclusion in the CD cavity, and this shielding effect is reduced at varying degrees in the existence of isomers due to the competitive inclusion. Consequently, the different weak intermolecular interactions related to the target-induced CD-enantiomer complexation with different geometry and stabilization energy for each isomer can be transformed to electronic signals based on the variety of Im+-Ph-β-CD's effective charge rather than the intrinsic charge of analytes, hence leading to chiral differentiation, and the hydrogen-bonding network of Im+-Ph-β-CD membrane further magnifies the signal. This working strategy even allows chiral discrimination of electrically neutral analytes. The as-prepared sensor affords rapid and real-time discrimination to small molecule enantiomers at single molecule level with a limit of detection of 8.1 × 10-19 M in a 200 μL volume (about 100 small molecules). Moreover, we prove the great potential of the chiral organic field effect transistor in quantitative analysis of commercial medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
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Herrera A, Rodríguez FJ, Bruna JE, Abarca RL, Galotto MJ, Guarda A, Mascayano C, Sandoval-Yáñez C, Padula M, Felipe FRS. Antifungal and physicochemical properties of inclusion complexes based on β-cyclodextrin and essential oil derivatives. Food Res Int 2019; 121:127-135. [PMID: 31108733 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inclusion complexes based on β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and antimicrobial compounds, were prepared by co-precipitation method, and characterized by entrapment efficiency (EE), thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and water sorption. In addition, experiments associated to evaluate the effect of relative humidity on the release of active compounds and antifungal tests were performed. The analysis evidenced the encapsulation of active compounds into the β-CD structure with EE of 91 ± 4.1% and 66 ± 2.1% for β-CD/cinnamaldehyde and β-CD/eugenol complexes, respectively. Additionally, high relative humidities favored the release of active compounds from inclusion complexes. On the other hand, inclusion complexes were able to control the growth of B. cinerea, which was evidenced by a reduction of its mycelialradial growth. Finally, specific interactions between the active compounds and β-CD were evaluated through molecular dynamics simulation techniques. According to the obtained results, these complexes could be applied as additives in the design of antifungal packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Herrera
- Food Packaging Laboratory (LABEN CHILE), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J Rodríguez
- Food Packaging Laboratory (LABEN CHILE), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Julio E Bruna
- Food Packaging Laboratory (LABEN CHILE), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Romina L Abarca
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral, Avda. Julio Sarrazín sn, Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - María J Galotto
- Food Packaging Laboratory (LABEN CHILE), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Abel Guarda
- Food Packaging Laboratory (LABEN CHILE), Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Technology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Mascayano
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Sandoval-Yáñez
- Institute of Applied Chemical Sciences, Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marisa Padula
- Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Packaging Technology Center (CETEA), Campinas-SP, Brazil
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Cova TF, Milne BF, Pais AA. Host flexibility and space filling in supramolecular complexation of cyclodextrins: A free-energy-oriented approach. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 205:42-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen G, Huang K, Miao M, Feng B, Campanella OH. Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Mechanism Elucidation of Food Processing and Safety: State of the Art. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:243-263. [PMID: 33337012 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a useful technique to study the interaction between molecules and how they are affected by various processes and processing conditions. This review summarizes the application of MD simulations in food processing and safety, with an emphasis on the effects that emerging nonthermal technologies (for example, high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field) have on the molecular and structural characteristics of foods and biomaterials. The advances and potential projection of MD simulations in the science and engineering aspects of food materials are discussed and focused on research work conducted to study the effects of emerging technologies on food components. It is expected by showing key case studies that it will stir novel developments as a valuable tool to study the effects of emerging food technologies on biomaterials. This review is useful to food researchers and the food industry, as well as researchers and practitioners working on flavor and nutraceutical encapsulations, dietary carbohydrate product developments, modified starches, protein engineering, and other novel food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Univ. of Technology, 100 Lianhua St., Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Biao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Osvaldo H Campanella
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., 1800 Lihu Ave., Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Dept. of Food Science, Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue Univ., 745 Agriculture Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN, 47906, U.S.A
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