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Guo F, Wang J, Liu W, Hu J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Yang R, Yu Y. Role of microfibril angle in molecular deformation of cellulose fibrils in Pinus massoniana compression wood and opposite wood studied by in-situ WAXS. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122024. [PMID: 38553223 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Upon tensile stress, the spiral cellulose fibrils in wood cell walls rotate like springs with decreasing microfibril angle (MFA), and the cellulose molecules elongate in the chain direction. Compression wood with high MFA and opposite wood with low MFA were comparatively studied by in-situ tensile tests combined with synchrotron radiation WAXS in the present study. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that compression wood had a higher lignin content and fewer acetyl groups. For both types of wood, the lattice spacing d004 increased and the MFA decreased gradually with the increase of tensile stress. At stresses beyond the yield point, cellulose lattice strain depended linearly on macroscopic stress, while the MFA depended linearly on macroscopic strain. The deformation mechanisms of compression wood and opposite wood are not essentially different but differ in their deformation behavior. Specifically, the contribution ratio of lattice strain and cellulose fibril reorientation to macroscopic strain was 0.25 and 0.53 for compression wood, and 0.40 and 0.33 for opposite wood, respectively. Due to the geometric effects of MFA, a greater contribution of cellulose fibril reorientation to the macroscopic deformation was detected in compression wood than in opposite wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Jiahao Wang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Jie Hu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Ye Chen
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Xuexia Zhang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Rilong Yang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Minhou, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
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Chen X, Chen L, Gan X, Pan S, Pan H. Extension of lubricant drain interval by modified pure biomass oil filter. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
- School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Lu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
- School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Xianqian Gan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
- School of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou China
| | - Shouquan Pan
- Technology R&D Department Fuzhou Savon Environmental Technology Co. Ltd Fuzhou China
| | - Hongkun Pan
- Technology R&D Department Fuzhou Savon Environmental Technology Co. Ltd Fuzhou China
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Cichosz S, Masek A. IR Study on Cellulose with the Varied Moisture Contents: Insight into the Supramolecular Structure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E4573. [PMID: 33066574 PMCID: PMC7602232 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The following article is the first attempt to investigate the supramolecular structure of cellulose with the varied moisture content by the means of Fourier-transform and near infrared spectroscopy techniques. Moreover, authors aimed at the detailed and precise presentation of IR spectra interpretation approach in order to create a reliable guideline for other researchers. On the basis of obtained data, factors indicating biopolymer crystallinity and development of hydrogen interactions were calculated and the peaks representing hydrogen bonding (7500-6000 cm-1, 3700-3000 cm-1, and 1750-1550 cm-1) were resolved using the Gaussian distribution function. Then, the deconvoluted signals have been assigned to the specific interactions occurring at the supramolecular level and the hydrogen bond length, as well bonding-energy were established. Furthermore, not only was the water molecules adsorption observed, but also the possibility of the 3OH⋯O5 intramolecular hydrogen bond shortening in the wet state was found-from (27,786 ± 2) 10-5 nm to (27,770 ± 5) 10-5 nm. Additionally, it was proposed that some deconvoluted signals from the region of 3000-2750 cm-1 might be assigned to the hydroxyl group-incorporated hydrogen bonding, which is, undoubtedly, a scientific novelty as the peak was not resolved before.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Masek
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90–924 Lodz, Poland;
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Guo F, Altaner CM. Measuring Molecular Strain in Rewetted and Never-Dried Eucalypt Wood with Raman Spectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3191-3199. [PMID: 31313909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To measure growth strain in wood using Raman spectroscopy, we investigated the Raman spectra of rewetted (water-saturated) Eucalyptus regnans and green Eucalyptus quadrangulata wood during tensile tests. Partial least squares models to predict the tensile strain were built from the Raman spectra. The best model could predict the tensile strain with a root mean square error of 427.5 με. Apart from the widely reported band shift at 1095 cm-1 upon mechanical strain, spectral changes at 1420, 1120, 895, and 456 cm-1 were identified. The assignments of these bands were discussed in relation to the molecular deformation of cellulose. The band shift rates during tensile tests were -3.06 and -2.15 cm-1/% for rewetted E. regnans and green E. quadrangulata wood, respectively. We successfully detected the release of the molecular growth strain in green eucalyptus wood with Raman spectroscopy by observing band shifts of the 1095 cm-1 signal. Further, there was a moderate correlation (r = 0.48) between the growth strain measured with strain gauges and the 1095 cm-1 band position. The precision of the prediction of growth strain using Raman spectroscopy was negatively affected by variation attributed to the inhomogeneity of wood on the millimeter scale and instrumental instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- College of Material Engineering , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , 350108 Fuzhou , China.,New Zealand School of Forestry , University of Canterbury , Private Bag 4800 , 8140 Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Clemens M Altaner
- New Zealand School of Forestry , University of Canterbury , Private Bag 4800 , 8140 Christchurch , New Zealand
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Guo F, Altaner CM. Effects of mechanical stretching, desorption and isotope exchange on deuterated eucalypt wood studied by near infrared spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 211:254-259. [PMID: 30557842 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium exchange combined with near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to study the roles of accessible and inaccessible cellulose in the load transfer of eucalyptus wood. Monitoring the drying process helped to assign NIR bands of deuterated wood samples. Polarized NIR spectra of protonated and deuterated samples confirmed that inaccessible hydroxyl groups in eucalyptus wood were preferably oriented in the longitudinal direction. The spectral changes on NIR spectra caused by mechanical strain could be highlighted by averaging loading and unloading cycles to compensate for effects of desorption and isotope re-exchange due to environmental fluctuations. After deuteration, the bands affected by mechanical strain at around 6420, 6240 and 4670 cm-1, which had been assigned to hydroxyl groups in cellulose, remained at these positions, suggesting the inaccessible cellulose fraction was the main load-bearing component in wood. A small band at around 4700 cm-1 responding to mechanical strain, becoming visible in the deuterated spectra, indicated that accessible hydroxyls also contributed to the load transfer. Furthermore, the measurements confirmed previous reports of moisture adsorption of wood under tensile stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Clemens M Altaner
- New Zealand School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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