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Chibrikov V, Pieczywek PM, Cybulska J, Zdunek A. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics model to evaluate the mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose-hemicellulose composites. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121827. [PMID: 38368106 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The plant cell wall (PCW) inspires the preparation of fiber-based biomaterials, particularly emphasizing exploiting the intrinsic interactions within the load-bearing cellulose and hemicellulose network. Due to experimental difficulties in studying and interpreting the interaction between these polysaccharides, this research presents a numerical model based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics that evaluates the mechanical properties of fiber composites. To validate the model and explain the structural and mechanical role of hemicelluloses, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized in the presence of different concentrations of xylan, arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, or glucomannan and subjected to nano- and macroscale structural and mechanical characterization. The data obtained were used to interpret the effects of each hemicellulose on the mechanics of the BC-hemicellulose composite based on the sensitivity of the model. The mechanical properties of the resulting simulated networks agreed well with the experimental observations of the BC-hemicellulose composites. Increased xylan and arabinoxylan contents increased the macroscale mechanical properties, fiber modulus (xylan), and fiber width (arabinoxylan). The addition of xyloglucan increased the mechanical properties of the composites in the elastic deformation phase, associated with an increase in the fiber modulus. Adding glucomannan to the culture medium decreased all the mechanical properties studied while the fiber width increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Chibrikov
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Mariusz Pieczywek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Justyna Cybulska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
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Valle L, Maddalena L, Damonte G, Carosio F, Pellis A, Monticelli O. Biodegradable and gas barrier polylactic acid/star-shaped polycaprolactone blend films functionalized with a bio-sourced polyelectrolyte coating. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113806. [PMID: 38394857 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This work aims at improving and disclosing new properties of films based on polylactic acid (PLA) and a star-shaped polycaprolactone (PCL). Indeed, previous works demonstrated that the presence of ad-hoc synthesized PCL, characterized by low molecular weight and carboxyl end groups (coded as PCL-COOH), improves the elongation at break of the films compared to that of neat PLA and increases their functionality. To further improve the properties of the system, alternating layers of chitosan (CH) and DNA were deposited on the surface applying a Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique. This method was chosen because it allows the properties of the system to be modified without affecting the specific features of the bulk. In addition, the LbL technique is easily scalable and environmentally friendly because it is based on the use of an aqueous solution of two biomaterials, namely DNA and CH, which are not only derived from renewable sources but are also biocompatible and biodegradable. IR measurements on model silicon substrates subjected to the same treatment as the films, pointed out a linear growth of the proposed LbL assembly. Indeed, FE-SEM measurements highlighted the deposition of a uniform coating. The presence of the CH/DNA assembly reduced the oxygen permeability under both dry and humid (50% R.H.) conditions when compared to the uncoated film. In addition, the coating had no relevant effect on the hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation of the system, so that the biodegradability of the film was maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Valle
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso, 31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Lorenza Maddalena
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino-sede di Alessandria, viale Teresa Michel, 5, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Giacomo Damonte
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso, 31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino-sede di Alessandria, viale Teresa Michel, 5, Alessandria 15121, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso, 31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Orietta Monticelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso, 31, Genova 16146, Italy.
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Zhang Y, Feng X, Chen Z, Cui X, Xiao H, Xiong R, Huang C. Xylan derived fluorescence carbon dots composite with cotton cellulose paper as 'turn-off' fluorescence platform for sensitive and selective detection Cu 2+ in real samples. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127707. [PMID: 37923046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of heavy metals such as Cu2+ is still serious and the discharge of sewage of Cu2+ will cause damage to soil environment and human health. Herein, a biomass-based solid-state fluorescence detection platform (CPU-CDs) was developed as fluorescent sensor for detection Cu2+ via fluorescence and colorimetric dual-model methods in real time. CPU-CDs was composed of xylan-derived CDs (U-CDs) and cotton cellulose paper, which exhibiting good reusability, non-toxicity, excellent fluorescence characteristics and high biocompatibility. Further, CPU-CDs displayed high effectiveness and sensitivity for Cu2+ with the detection limit as low as 0.14 μM, which was well below U.S. EPA safety levels (20 μM). Practical application indicated that CPU-CDs could achieve precision response of Cu2+ change in real environment water samples with good recovery range of 90 %-119 %. This strategy demonstrated a promising biomass solid-state fluorescence sensor for Cu2+ detection for water treatment research, which is of great significance in dealing with water pollution caused by heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiuyuan Feng
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoci Cui
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China.
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Deng J, Yun J, Gu Y, Yan B, Yin B, Huang C. Evaluating the In Vitro and In Vivo Prebiotic Effects of Different Xylo-Oligosaccharides Obtained from Bamboo Shoots by Hydrothermal Pretreatment Combined with Endo-Xylanase Hydrolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13422. [PMID: 37686227 PMCID: PMC10488140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) enriched with high fractions of X2-X3 are regarded as an effective prebiotic for regulating the intestinal microflora. In this study, the original XOS solution was obtained from bamboo shoots through hydrothermal pretreatment under optimized conditions. Subsequently, enzymatic hydrolysis with endo-xylanase was performed on the original XOS solution to enhance the abundance of the X2-X3 fractions. The results demonstrated that hydrothermal pretreatment yielded 21.24% of XOS in the hydrolysate solution, and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis significantly increased the proportion of the X2-X3 fractions from 38.87% to 68.21%. Moreover, the XOS solutions with higher amounts of X2-X3 fractions exhibited superior performance in promoting the growth of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus acidophilus in vitro, leading to increased production of short-chain fatty acids. In the in vivo colitis mouse model, XOS solutions with higher contents of X2-X3 fractions demonstrated enhanced efficacy against intestinal inflammation. Compared with the colitis mice (model group), the XOS solution with higher X2-X3 fractions (S1 group) could significantly increase the number of Streptomyces in the intestinal microflora, while the original XOS solution (S2 group) could significantly increase the number of Bacteroides in the intestinal microflora of colitis mice. In addition, the abundances of Alcaligenes and Pasteurella in the intestinal microflora of the S1 and S2 groups were much lower than in the model group. This effect was attributed to the ability of these XOS solutions to enhance species diversity, reversing the imbalance and disorder within the intestinal microflora. Overall, this work highlights the outstanding potential of XOS enriched with high contents of X2-X3 fractions as a regulator of the intestinal microbiota and as an anti-colitis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Deng
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (B.Y.)
| | - Jinyan Yun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China;
| | - Yang Gu
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (B.Y.)
| | - Bowen Yan
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (B.Y.)
| | - Baishuang Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China;
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (J.D.); (Y.G.); (B.Y.)
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Selvasekaran P, Chidambaram R. Bioaerogels as food materials: A state-of-the-art on production and application in micronutrient fortification and active packaging of foods. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chibrikov V, Pieczywek PM, Zdunek A. Tailor-Made Biosystems - Bacterial Cellulose-Based Films with Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2067869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Chibrikov
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland
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Yang F, Xu L, Dai G, Luo L, Yang K, Huang C, Tian D, Shen F. Conversion of Cellulose and Lignin Residues into Transparent UV-Blocking Composite Films. Molecules 2022; 27:1637. [PMID: 35268737 PMCID: PMC8911642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The valorization of cellulose and lignin residues in an integrated biorefinery is of great significance to improve the overall economics but has been challenged by their structural recalcitrance, especially for lignin residue. In this work, a facile chemical conversion route to fabricating functional UV-blocking cellulose/lignin composite films through a facile dissolution-regeneration process using these biomass residues was proposed. Three representative lignin residues, i.e., aspen and poplar wood lignin, and corn stover (CS) lignin were assessed for their feasibility for the film fabrication. The UV-blocking performance of the composite films were comparatively investigated. Results showed that all these three lignin residues could enhance the UV-blocking property of the composite films, corresponding to the reduction in the optical energy band gap from 4.31 to 3.72 eV, while poplar lignin had a considerable content of chromophores and showed the best UV-blocking enhancement among these three assessing lignins. The enhancement of UV-blocking property was achieved without compromising the visible-light transparency, mechanical strength and thermal stability of the composite films even at 4% lignin loading. This work showed the high promise of integrating biomass residue conversion into lignocellulose biorefinery for a multi-production purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
- Wenjiang Campus, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Wenjiang Campus, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Guodong Dai
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Lin Luo
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Kaifeng Yang
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Churui Huang
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Dong Tian
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
| | - Fei Shen
- Chengdu Campus, Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (F.Y.); (L.X.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (K.Y.); (C.H.)
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Abe MM, Martins JR, Sanvezzo PB, Macedo JV, Branciforti MC, Halley P, Botaro VR, Brienzo M. Advantages and Disadvantages of Bioplastics Production from Starch and Lignocellulosic Components. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2484. [PMID: 34372086 PMCID: PMC8348970 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of plastic wastes in different environments has become a topic of major concern over the past decades; therefore, technologies and strategies aimed at mitigating the environmental impacts of petroleum products have gained worldwide relevance. In this scenario, the production of bioplastics mainly from polysaccharides such as starch is a growing strategy and a field of intense research. The use of plasticizers, the preparation of blends, and the reinforcement of bioplastics with lignocellulosic components have shown promising and environmentally safe alternatives for overcoming the limitations of bioplastics, mainly due to the availability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of such resources. This review addresses the production of bioplastics composed of polysaccharides from plant biomass and its advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Manabu Abe
- Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil; (M.M.A.); (J.R.M.); (J.V.M.)
| | - Júlia Ribeiro Martins
- Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil; (M.M.A.); (J.R.M.); (J.V.M.)
| | - Paula Bertolino Sanvezzo
- Department of Materials Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (P.B.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - João Vitor Macedo
- Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil; (M.M.A.); (J.R.M.); (J.V.M.)
| | - Marcia Cristina Branciforti
- Department of Materials Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil; (P.B.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Peter Halley
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Level 3, Don Nicklin Building (74), St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Vagner Roberto Botaro
- Science and Technology Center for Sustainability—CCTS, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil;
| | - Michel Brienzo
- Institute for Research in Bioenergy (IPBEN), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13500-230, SP, Brazil; (M.M.A.); (J.R.M.); (J.V.M.)
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Jiang Y, Chen Y, Tian D, Shen F, Wan X, Xu L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Hu J, Shen F. Fabrication and characterization of lignin-xylan hybrid nanospheres as pesticide carriers with enzyme-mediated release property. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9083-9093. [PMID: 32909581 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01402h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lignin nanospheres (LNPs) are an emerging high-value material platform to realize lignin valorization. The modification or introduction of new functions to LNPs is of great significance to expand its downstream applications. This work evaluated the technical feasibility of preparing lignin-xylan hybrid nanospheres (LXNPs) through a simple solution-based self-assembly process, with the goal of achieving the application as pesticide carriers for enzyme-mediated controlled release. Hybrid LXNPs with various weigh ratios (lignin to xylan, 3 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 3) were obtained using deep eutectic solvent-extracted condensed lignin and water-insoluble xylan fragments, which exhibited a nanosphere size of about 166-210 nm with considerable stability in the pH range of 4-10. LXNPs with lignin to xylan ratios of 3 : 1 and 1 : 1 showed well-defined core-shell structures with enriched hydroxyl groups on the surface. It was proposed that lignin could anchor xylan fragments through van der Waals force and hydrophobic interactions between lignin phenylpropanes and xylan molecular backbones, thus facilitating the self-assembly process for the formation of this specific spherical structure. The resulting hydrophobic LXNPs core enabled the facile encapsulation of the biological pesticide avermectin (AVM) with 57.9-67.0% efficiency using one-pot synthesis. When these AVM-encapsulated LXNPs were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using xylanase, considerable AVM release of 44.8-55.1% was achieved after 16 h, in comparison to the 4.1% release only for those without xylanase. This work showed the high promise of fabricating hybrid LXNPs through the self-assembly process and also provided a universal nanosphere carrier for drug encapsulation and subsequent enzyme-mediated controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Jiang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Dong Tian
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Feiyue Shen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Wan
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Yichu Chen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Fei Shen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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Transparent Cellulose/Technical Lignin Composite Films for Advanced Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091455. [PMID: 31492029 PMCID: PMC6780852 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent work has shown natural lignin products are promising to fabricate various polymer based functional composites, high-value applications were challenged by their structural complexity and inhomogeneity. This work specially assessed the potential of four technical lignins for cellulose based functional films production. These four technical lignins were obtained by emerging pretreatment systems, i.e., lactic acid-betaine deep eutectic solvent (DES), ethanol organosolv, soda/anthraquinone (Soda/AQ) and the sodium salicylate hydrotrope, and their phenolic substructures were comparatively identified by prevalent 31P NMR technique. The influence of lignin chemical structure on the antioxidant potential and UV-shielding performance of the prepared cellulose/technical lignin composite films were assessed. Results showed severe organosolv and soda/AQ pretreatment produced technical lignins with higher total phenolic hydroxyl groups (3.37 and 3.23 mmol g-1 respectively), which also exhibited higher antioxidant activities. The composite films could effectively block the ultraviolet lights especially for UVB region (ultraviolet B, 280–315 nm) at only 5 wt.% lignin content. The contribution of lignin phenolic substructures to both antioxidant activity and UV-shielding property from high to low was syringyl > guaiacyl > p-hydroxyphenyl phenolic hydroxyl groups. This work provided some useful information that could facilitate upstream lignin extraction or downstream value-added applications.
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11
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Ko CH, Yang CY, Chang FC, Lin LD. Effect of Paenibacillus cellulase pretreatment for fiber surface. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:1-11. [PMID: 30978564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Refining is the major process of paper formation. This study focuses on the impact of a specific enzyme (Paenibacillus cellulase) for fibers on the surfaces, the roughness and height of the fibers are also investigated. Effects of enzyme dosages and the mechanical refining action (PFI revolution) on fiber physical properties were also analyzed. The fibers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their roughness and height were analyzed by Atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results show that the Paenibacillus cellulase pretreatment increased the drainability of both kinds of pulp at the same level of refining energy. In other words, enzymatic treatment on pulp refining consumed less refining revolutions to reach the same drainability compared to the untreated pulp. Although the viscosity of both kinds of pulp was degraded with the enzymatic treatment, the physical properties of paper had no significantly negative influence on them. The results indicated the treatment with cellulase swelled the fibers in the absence of refining, and there were better fibrillation on the fibers treated with cellulase after refining. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of AFM suggested that both kinds of pulp treated with low cellulase dosage with PFI refining had higher roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Ko
- School of Forest and Resources Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ying Yang
- School of Forest and Resources Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chih Chang
- The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, No.12, Section 1, Chien-Shan Road, Chu-Shan, Nan-Tou 55750, Taiwan.
| | - Lang-Dong Lin
- Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan.
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