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Jeon J, Kim J, Park S, Bryan G, Broderick TJ, Stone M, Tsukruk VV. Double-Sided Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Materials under Human-Centric Extreme Environments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39222048 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining the adhesion strength of flexible pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) is crucial for advanced applications, such as health monitoring. Sustainable mounting is critical for wearable sensor devices, especially under challenging surroundings such as low and high temperatures (e.g., polar regions or deserts), underwater and sweat environments (physical activity), and cyclical shear complex stresses. In this article, we consider the adhesive, mechanical, and optical properties of medical-grade double-sided PSAs by simulating extreme human-centric environments. Diverse temperature conditions, water and humidity exposures, and cyclical loads were selected and tested over long intervals, up to 28 days. We observed that high temperatures increased the shear adhesion strength due to the pore closing and expanding contact area between the adhesive layer and substrate. Conversely, low temperatures caused the adhesive layers to harden and reduce the adhesive strength. Immersion in salty and weakly acidic water and excessive humidity reduced adhesion as water interfered with the interfacial interactions. PSA films showed either adhesive or cohesive failure under extreme mechanical stresses and cyclical loading, which is also affected by the presence of various polar solvents. We demonstrated that the variable adhesive performance, mechanical properties, and optical transparency of pressure-sensitive materials can be directly related to changes in their morphologies, surface roughness, swelling state, and alternation of the mechanical contact area, helping to establish the broader rules of design for wearable human health monitoring sensors for the long-term application of wearable devices, sensors, and electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Jeon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jinyoung Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sehyun Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Gwendolyn Bryan
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida 32502, United States
- Department of Intelligent Systems and Robotics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, United States
| | - Timothy J Broderick
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida 32502, United States
| | - Morley Stone
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida 32502, United States
| | - Vladimir V Tsukruk
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida 32502, United States
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2
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Cui X, Liu J, Zhang E, Gong Z, Liang L, Shi J, Hao X, Hu J, Lu M. Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Thermally Conductive Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive with UV-Responsive Peelability. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200884. [PMID: 36756858 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermally conductive pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) has received a great amount of attention in recent years, but the traditional PSA hardly loses adhesion properties after UV irradiation or heating. Therefore, endowing thermally conductive adhesive with UV-responsive peelability becomes a design strategy. Herein, vinyl-functionalized graphene (AA-GMA-G) is prepared by modifying graphene with acrylic acid and subsequently reacting with glycidyl methacrylate. Then, the UV-curable acrylate copolymer is synthesized by grafting glycidyl methacrylate. Finally, the novel thermally conductivity PSA with UV-responsive peelability is obtained by blending the copolymer with AA-GMA-G and photoinitiator. The results show that the PSA at 2 wt% AA-GMA-G loading exhibits an excellent thermal conductivity (0.74 W m-1 K-1 ) and a relatively strong peel strength, increasing by 15% compared with pristine graphene/PSA. Interestingly, the peel strength of AA-GMA-G/PSA can achieve a dramatic drop after UV treatment, and the decrease rate is 96.7%. Therefore, the novel thermally conductive PSA with UV-responsive peelability has potential applications in certain electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Cui
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CASH GCC Fine Chemicals Incubator (Nanxiong) Co., Ltd, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China.,CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ending Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Gong
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,CASH GCC (Nanxiong) Research Institute of Advanced Materials Co., Ltd, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Hao
- Zhejiang Guanhao Functional Material Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, 314200, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,CASH GCC Shaoguan Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanxiong, 512400, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mangeng Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Zhang F, Song B, Li Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xu Q, Ma J. Breathability and Moisture Permeability of Cellulose Nanocrystals Hollow Microsphere Coatings for PET Fabrics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245345. [PMID: 36559713 PMCID: PMC9788502 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanocrystals hollow microspheres (HMs) were fabricated through Pickering emulsion polymerization, in which hydrophobically modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) acted as Pickering stabilizers. The hollow interior core was prepared by solvent evaporation. This manuscript describes the synthesis of HMs in detail. The hollow structure and nanoscale size of HMs were verified using TEM. The resultant HMs could easily coat self-forming films on the surface of PET fabrics. Additionally, these coatings exhibited superior breathability and moisture permeability properties with a high one-way transport index of 936.33% and a desirable overall moisture management capability of 0.72. Cellulose nanocrystal hollow microsphere coatings could be used as a moisture-wicking functionality agent for finishing fabrics, oil-water separation, and fog harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710048, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-82330365
| | - Bingyao Song
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Yilin Li
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710048, China
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Qunna Xu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Jianzhong Ma
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
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4
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Ahmadi‐Dehnoei A, Ghasemirad S. Tuning adhesion performance of an acrylic pressure‐sensitive adhesive using polysilsesquioxane‐acrylic core‐shell nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmadi‐Dehnoei
- Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Somayeh Ghasemirad
- Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
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Kiriakou M, Pakdel AS, Berry RM, Hoare T, Dubé MA, Cranston ED. Incorporation of Polymer-Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals into Latex-Based Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:176-189. [PMID: 36855757 PMCID: PMC9888609 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
While the improvement of water-based adhesives with renewable additives is important as industry shifts toward more sustainable practices, a complete understanding of how the compatibility between additives and polymers affects adhesive performance is currently lacking. To elucidate these links, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were first functionalized via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization with the hydrophobic polymers poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to facilitate their incorporation into latex-based pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs). Next, PBA latexes were synthesized using seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization with unmodified or polymer-grafted CNCs added in situ at a loading of 0.5 or 1 phm (parts per hundred parts of monomer). Viscosity and electron microscopy suggested that the polymer-grafted CNCs were incorporated inside or on the latex particles. PSAs containing any CNC type had one or more improved properties (compared to the no-CNC "base case"); CNCs with a low degree of polymerization (DP) grafts exhibited improved tack (up to 2.5-fold higher) and peel strength (up to 6-fold higher) relative to PSAs with unmodified CNCs. The best performing PSA contained the low DP PMMA-grafted CNCs, which is attributed to the higher glass transition temperature and the higher wettability of the PMMA grafts compared to PBA, and the more uniform dispersion of polymer-grafted CNCs throughout the PSA film. In contrast, PSAs containing CNCs with high DP grafts resulted in reduced tack and peel strength (compared to low DP grafts) due to enhanced CNC aggregation. Unfortunately, all PSAs containing polymer-grafted CNCs exhibited inferior shear strength relative to PSAs with unmodified CNCs (and comparable shear strength to the no-CNC "base case"). Collectively, these results provide guidelines for future optimization of more sustainable latex-based PSAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
V. Kiriakou
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada
| | - Amir Saeid Pakdel
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Catalysis Research
and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON K1N
6N5, Canada
| | - Richard M. Berry
- CelluForce
Inc., 625 President-Kennedy
Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1K2, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada
| | - Marc A. Dubé
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Catalysis Research
and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON K1N
6N5, Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada
- Departments
of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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6
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Dhali K, Daver F, Cass P, Adhikari B. Surface modification of the cellulose nanocrystals through vinyl silane grafting. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:397-408. [PMID: 35041891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Incompatibility of nanocellulose with non-polar polymer matrices disrupts the interfacial interaction and results in aggregation and phase separation. In this study a facile and environmentally friendly method was used to partially substitute the surface hydroxyl groups by attaching polysiloxane to impart hydrophobic properties. The silanization reaction proceeded with hydrolysis of triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) into reactive silanols followed by condensation to form the branched polymer. These polysiloxane oligomers were chemically grafted to form alkoxy silane bonds on the surface of CNCs. A suitable degree of hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of the modified CNCs was achieved which improved their dispersion in hydrophobic matrix poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT). FTIR, NMR (13C and 29Si) and XPS demonstrated successful surface chemical modification and confirmed extent of silanization as a function of silane concentration. XRD showed successful grafting of the vinyl silane agent and confirmed polymorph structure of the nanocellulose was retained. The results from TEM and AFM demonstrated successful coating of nano whiskers at 5 wt% silane loading. The successful grafting of the silane agent with pendant vinyl groups improved surface hydrophobicity. These results show that this facile method produces adequately surface modified CNC which can be used as filler in hydrophobic matrices of bioplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingshuk Dhali
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; Department of Post-Harvest Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, W.B., India.
| | - Fugen Daver
- School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Peter Cass
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
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7
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Nanocellulose in Heterogeneous Water-Based Polymerization for Wood Adhesives. POLYSACCHARIDES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides3010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in the development of biobased adhesives has increased due to environmental concerns. Moreover, as the production of engineered wood products (EWPs) is expected to grow, the wood adhesives market needs to transit toward formaldehyde-free products. Cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) are a material with unique properties and advantages for producing hybrid materials as biobased wood adhesives. Besides their traditional use as reinforcing additives, CNPs can be incorporated at the beginning of the polymerization reaction to form in situ polymerized hybrid adhesives with better mechanical and physicochemical properties than the neat adhesive. Despite their outstanding characteristics, CNPs are still an emerging nanomaterial in the wood adhesive field, and the studies are incipient. This review explores the utilization of CNPs in heterogeneous polymerization for the production of polyvinyl acetate, polymeric isocyanates, waterborne polyurethane systems, and other waterborne polymer latexes. The main challenges are discussed, and some recommendations are set down for the manufacture of these novel hybrid nanocomposites.
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8
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Guchait A, Saxena A, Chattopadhyay S, Mondal T. Influence of Nanofillers on Adhesion Properties of Polymeric Composites. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3844-3859. [PMID: 35155882 PMCID: PMC8829956 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanofillers (NFs) are becoming a ubiquitous choice for applications in different technological innovations in various fields, from biomedical devices to automotive product portfolios. Potential physical attributes like large surface areas, high surface energy, and lower structural imperfections make NFs a popular filler over microfillers. One specific application, where NFs are finding applications, is in adhesive science and technology. Incorporating NFs in the adhesive matrix is seen to tune the adhesives' different properties like wettability, rheology, etc. Additionally, the functional benefits (like electrical/thermal conductivity) of these NFs are translated into the adhesives' properties. Such an improvement in the properties is far to achieve using microfillers in the adhesive matrix. This mini-review provides an account of the impact of the addition of various nanofillers (NFs) on the properties of the adhesive composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Guchait
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
| | - Anubhav Saxena
- R&D, Pidilite Industries Limited, Ramakrishna Mandir Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400059, India
| | - Santanu Chattopadhyay
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
| | - Titash Mondal
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
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9
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Dogan-Guner EM, Schork FJ, Brownell S, Schueneman GT, Shofner ML, Meredith JC. Encapsulation of cellulose nanocrystals into acrylic latex particles via miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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11
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Zhang Z, Yan H, Yin Z, Wang Y. Photopolymerized and acetylene-functionlized polyacrylates for photoclickable elastomers. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Xu CA, Lu M, Wu K, Shi J. Functionalization of nano-cellulose by coupling agent with green strategy. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Tang M, Zhu Z, Yang K, Yang P, Dong Y, Wu Y, Chen M, Zhou X. Cellulose nanocrystals concentration and oil-water ratio for solid-liquid controllable emulsion polymerization. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:414-421. [PMID: 34562534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stabilities of cellulose Pickering emulsions are of great importance to utilize them effectively, but influenced by their complex compositions, such as, colloidal particles, oil phases and water phases. In this work, solid-liquid controllable polymerization products could obtain by adjusting cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) concentration and vinyl acetate (VAc)-water ratio. The emulsions in zone Ӏ (w/o) and II (o/w) of the three-phase diagram were selected for researching. The polymerization emulsions in zone II illustrated the o/w ratio played a more important role than CNCs concentration in the storage stability and practicality of the polymerized emulsion; The polymer in zone Ӏ showed a large number of porous structures. This is an innovative method that different forms of target products are obtained through the guidance of three-phase diagram, which not only broadens the application field, but also applies to other Pickering emulsion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Pei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yue Dong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yakun Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minzhi Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Fast-growing Trees and Agri-fiber Materials, Nanjing 210037, China.
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14
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Xu CA, Qu Z, Lu M, Meng H, Chen B, Jiao E, Zhang E, Wu K, Shi J. Effect of modified bamboo lignin replacing part of C5 petroleum resin on properties of polyurethane/polysiloxane pressure-sensitive adhesive and its application on the wood substrate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:394-405. [PMID: 34139537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a fresh and robust strategy to develop polyurethane/polysiloxane pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) with excellent properties by replacing part of C5 petroleum resin with modified lignin. A unique aspect of this work is the use of renewable lignin to obtain modified monomers. The phenolic hydroxyl group of lignin is increased by 21.4% after demethylation, which will help to introduce 6-bromo-1-hexene into the lignin structure through Williamson method. The L3 lignin and C5 petroleum resin are mixed with polyurethane/polysiloxane prepolymer, and furthermore a series of PSAs are obtained under ultraviolet light. It turns out that L3 lignin can not only replace part of C5 petroleum resin, but also obtain attractive and controllable features. Especially when the mass ratio of C5 petroleum resin to L3 lignin is 6:4, compared with pure C5 petroleum resin, the 180° peel strength and the shear strength of PU46 are increased by 24.1% and 91.5% respectively. Additionally, the shear strength on the wood substrate is increased by 320.6%. This study provides an effective method for the preparation of high value-added lignin PSA, and expands the application fields of PSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-An Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhencai Qu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Mangeng Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
| | - Huifa Meng
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Bing Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Enxiang Jiao
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ending Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Kun Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Jun Shi
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; CASH GCC (Nanxiong) Research Institute of New Materials Co., Ltd., Shaoguan 512026, PR China
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Niinivaara E, Ouzas A, Fraschini C, Berry RM, Dubé MA, Cranston ED. How latex film formation and adhesion at the nanoscale correlate to performance of pressure sensitive adhesives with cellulose nanocrystals. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200330. [PMID: 34334024 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion polymerized latex-based pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) are more environmentally benign because they are synthesized in water but often underperform compared to their solution polymerized counterparts. Studies have shown a simultaneous improvement in the tack, and peel and shear strength of various acrylic PSAs upon the addition of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). This work uses atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine the role of CNCs in (i) the coalescence of hydrophobic 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate/n-butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate (EHA/BA/MMA) latex films and (ii) as adhesion modifiers over multiple length scales. Thin films with varying solids content and CNC loading were prepared by spin coating. AFM revealed that CNCs lowered the solids content threshold for latex particle coalescence during film formation. This improved the cohesive strength of the films, which was directly reflected in the increased shear strength of the EHA/BA/MMA PSAs with increasing CNC loading. Colloidal probe AFM indicated that the nano-adhesion of thicker continuous latex films increased with CNC loading when measured over small contact areas where the effect of surface roughness was negligible. Conversely, the beneficial effects of the CNCs on macroscopic PSA tack and peel strength were outweighed by the effects of increased surface roughness with increasing CNC loading over larger surface areas. This highlights that CNCs can improve both cohesive and adhesive PSA properties; however, the effects are most pronounced when the CNCs interact favourably with the latex polymer and are uniformly dispersed throughout the adhesive film. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Niinivaara
- Chemical Engineering Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 0076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Alexandra Ouzas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Carole Fraschini
- FPInnovations, 570 Saint-Jean Boulevard, Pointe Claire, Quebec, Canada H9R 3J9
| | - Richard M Berry
- CelluForce Inc., 570, Boulevard Saint-Jean, Pointe-Claire, Quebec, H9R 3J9
| | - Marc A Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Chemical Engineering Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
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16
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Kedzior SA, Gabriel VA, Dubé MA, Cranston ED. Nanocellulose in Emulsions and Heterogeneous Water-Based Polymer Systems: A Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002404. [PMID: 32797718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (i.e., bacterial nanocellulose, cellulose nanocrystals, and cellulose nanofibrils) are cellulose-based materials with at least one dimension in the nanoscale. These materials have unique and useful properties and have been shown to assemble at oil-water interfaces and impart new functionality to emulsion and latex systems. Herein, the use of nanocellulose in both emulsions and heterogeneous water-based polymers is reviewed, including dispersion, suspension, and emulsion polymerization. Comprehensive tables describe past work employing nanocellulose as stabilizers or additives and the properties that can be tailored through the use of nanocellulose are highlighted. Even at low loadings, nanocellulose offers an unprecedented level of control as a property modifier for a range of emulsion and polymer applications, influencing, for example, emulsion type, stability, and stimuli-responsive behavior. Nanocellulose can tune polymer particle properties such as size, surface charge, and morphology, or be used to produce capsules and polymer nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical, thermal, and adhesive properties. The role of nanocellulose is discussed, and a perspective for future direction is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Kedzior
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vida A Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marc A Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Effect of rosin on the antibacterial activity against S.aureus and adhesion properties of UV-curable polyurethane/polysiloxane pressure-sensitive adhesive. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Oberlintner A, Likozar B, Novak U. Hydrophobic functionalization reactions of structured cellulose nanomaterials: Mechanisms, kinetics and in silico multi-scale models. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117742. [PMID: 33674002 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale-interfaced cellulose nanomaterials are extracted from polysaccharides, which are widely available in nature, biocompatible and biodegradable. Moreover, the latter have a potential to be recycled, upcycled, and formulate therefore a great theoretical predisposition to be used in a number of applications. Nanocrystals, nano-fibrils and nanofibers possess reactive functional groups that enable hydrophobic surface modifications. Analysed literature data, concerning mechanisms, pathways and kinetics, was screened, compared and assessed with regard to the demand of a catalyst, different measurement conditions and added molecule reactions. There is presently only a scarce technique description for carbonOH bond functionalization, considering the elementary chemical steps, sequences and intermediates of these (non)catalytic transformations. The overview of the prevailing basic research together with in silico modelling approach methodology gives us a deeper physical understanding of processes. Finally, to further highlight the applicability of such raw materials, the review of the development in several multidisciplinary fields was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Oberlintner
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Uroš Novak
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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19
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Soy protein-based adhesive with superior bonding strength and water resistance by designing densely crosslinking networks. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Cao Y, Xu P, Lv P, Lemstra PJ, Cai X, Yang W, Dong W, Chen M, Liu T, Du M, Ma P. Excellent UV Resistance of Polylactide by Interfacial Stereocomplexation with Double-Shell-Structured TiO 2 Nanohybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49090-49100. [PMID: 33074663 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The durable application of polylactide (PLA) under atmospheric conditions is restricted by its poor ultraviolet (UV) stability. To improve the UV stability of polymers, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is often used as a UV light capture agent. However, TiO2 is also a photocatalytic agent, with detrimental effects on the polymer properties. To overcome these two conflicting issues, we used the following approach. TiO2 nanoparticles were first coated with silicon dioxide (SiO2) (with a SiO2 shell content of 5.3 wt %). Subsequently, poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) was grafted onto TiO2@SiO2 nanoparticles, approximately 20 wt %, via a ring-opening polymerization of d-lactide to obtain well-designed double-shell TiO2@SiO2-g-PDLA nanohybrids. These double-shell nanoparticles could be well dispersed in a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix making use of the stereocomplexation between the two enantiomers. In our concept, the inner SiO2 shell on the TiO2 nanoparticles prevents the direct contact between TiO2 and the PLLA matrix and hence considerably restricts the detrimental photocatalytic effect of TiO2 on PLLA degradation. Additionally, the outer PDLA shell facilitates an improved dispersion of these nanohybrid particles by interfacial stereocomplexation with its enantiomer PLLA. As a consequence, the PLLA/TiO2@SiO2-g-PDLA nanocomposites simultaneously possess excellent UV-shielding property, high(er) tensile strength (>60 MPa), and superior UV resistance, for example, the mechanical properties remain at a level of >90% after 72 h of UV irradiation. In our view, this work provides a novel strategy to make advanced PLA nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties and excellent UV resistance, which enables potential application of PLA in more critical areas such as in durable packaging and fiber/textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pei Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pieter Jan Lemstra
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- PlemPolco B. V., De Zicht 11, HV Veldhoven 5502, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoxia Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingliang Du
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
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Pakdel AS, Niinivaara E, Cranston ED, Berry RM, Dubé MA. Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC)-Latex Nanocomposites: Effect of CNC Hydrophilicity and Charge on Rheological, Mechanical, and Adhesive Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000448. [PMID: 33047439 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a sustainable nanomaterial, are in situ incorporated into emulsion-based pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs). Commercially available CNCs with different surface hydrophilicity and surface charge (CNC101 and CNC103 from CelluForce) are used to explore their role in PSA property modification. Viscosity measurements and atomic force microscopy reveal differences in degree of association between the CNCs and the latex particles depending on the surface properties of the CNCs. The more hydrophilic and higher surface charge CNCs (CNC101) show less association with the latex particles. Dynamic strain sweep tests are used to analyze the strain-softening of the nanocomposites based on CNC type and loading. The CNC101 nanocomposites soften at lower strains than their CNC103 counterparts. This behavior is confirmed via dynamic frequency tests and modeling of the nanocomposites' storage moduli, which suggest the formation of CNC aggregates of, on average, 3.8 CNC101 and 1.3 CNC103 nanoparticles. Finally, PSA properties, i.e., tack, peel strength, and shear strength, simultaneously increase upon addition of both CNC types, although to different extents. The relationship between the PSA properties and CNC surface properties confirms that the less hydrophilic CNCs lead to improved CNC dispersion in the PSA films and therefore, enhance PSA properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Saeid Pakdel
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringCentre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI0076 Aalto, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Richard M Berry
- CelluForce, 625 President Kennedy Ave., Suite 1705, Montreal, QC, H3A 1K2, Canada
| | - Marc A Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringCentre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
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23
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Cellulose nanocrystal as ecofriendly stabilizer for emulsion polymerization and its application for waterborne adhesive. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Yang W, Weng Y, Puglia D, Qi G, Dong W, Kenny JM, Ma P. Poly(lactic acid)/lignin films with enhanced toughness and anti-oxidation performance for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Wu B, Xu P, Yang W, Hoch M, Dong W, Chen M, Bai H, Ma P. Super‐Toughened Heat‐Resistant Poly(lactic acid) Alloys By Tailoring the Phase Morphology and the Crystallization Behaviors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baogou Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Martin Hoch
- Arlanxeo High Performance Elastomers (Shanghai Branch), 150 Hubin Road Shanghai 200021 China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Huiyu Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 China
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