1
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Dashti N, Akbari V, Varshosaz J, Soleimanbeigi M, Rostami M. Co-delivery of carboplatin and doxorubicin using ZIF-8 coated chitosan-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) nanoparticles through a dual pH/thermo responsive strategy to breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131971. [PMID: 38705336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
A dual pH/temperature sensitive core-shell nanoformulation has been developed based on ZIF-8 coated with chitosan-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (CS-PNIPAAm) for co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and carboplatin (CBP) in breast cancer cells. The resulting nanoparticles (NPs) had particle sizes around 200 nm and a zeta potential of about +30 mV. The CBP and DOX loading contents in the final NPs were 11.6 % and 55.54 %, respectively. NPs showed a pH and thermoresponsive drug release profile with a sustained prolonged release under physiological conditions. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments showed a significant synergism of CBP and DOX to induce the IC50 of 1.96 μg/mL in MCF-7 cells and 4.54 μg/mL in MDA-MB-231 cells. Also, the final NPs were safer than free DOX and CBP on normal cells. The in vitro study confirmed the higher potency of the designed NPs in combination therapy against breast cancer cells with lower side effects than free drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Dashti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Monireh Soleimanbeigi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Rostami
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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2
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Hao Z, Li X, Zhang R, Zhang L. Stimuli‐Responsive Hydrogels for Antibacterial Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400513. [PMID: 38723248 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications, especially in the field of antibacterial therapeutics, due to their unique structural properties, highly tunable physicochemical properties, and excellent biocompatibility. The integration of stimuli-responsive functions into antibacterial hydrogels holds the potential to enhance their antibacterial properties and therapeutic efficacy, dynamically responding to different external or internal stimuli, such as pH, temperature, enzymes, and light. Therefore, this review describes the applications of hydrogel dressings responsive to different stimuli in antibacterial therapy. The collaborative interaction between stimuli-responsive hydrogels and antibacterial materials is discussed. This synergistic approach, in contrast to conventional antibacterial materials, not only amplifies the antibacterial effect but also alleviates adverse side effects and diminishes the incidence of multiple infections and drug resistance. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the current challenges and outlines future research directions for stimuli-responsive antibacterial hydrogels. It underscores the imperative for ongoing interdisciplinary research aimed at unraveling the mechanisms of wound healing. This understanding is crucial for optimizing the design and implementation of stimuli-responsive antibacterial hydrogels. Ultimately, this review aims to offer scientific guidance for the development and practical clinical application of stimuli-responsive antibacterial hydrogel dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Li
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Conversion Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Libing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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3
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Haripriya P, Vijayakrishna K. Synthesis of poly(ionic liquid-OH) mediated deacetylated chitin and its hydrogels: A study on their applications in controlled release of paracetamol and urea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131230. [PMID: 38574909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of chitin and chitosan, they are extensively used in the synthesis of hydrogels for various applications. In this work, deacetylation of chitin is carried out with alkaline poly(dimethyldiallylammonium-hydroxide) that gave a higher amount of water-soluble chitin (with 84 % of the degree of deacetylation = chitosan0.84) compared to deacetylation using NaOH. The water-soluble chitosan0.84 is used as intercalating chains for the preparation of acrylic acid and vinylimidazole-based hydrogels. The quaternization of imidazole groups is done with 1,ω-dibromoalkanes, which sets off the crosslinking in the above polymer network. A set of three chitosan0.84 intercalated hydrogels, namely Cs-C4-hydrogel, Cs-C5-hydrogel, and Cs-C10-hydrogel are prepared bearing butyl, pentyl, and decyl chains as respective crosslinkers. The swell ratios of these intercalated hydrogels are compared with those of non-intercalated hydrogels (C4-hydrogel, C5-hydrogel, and C10-hydrogel). Chitosan0.84 intercalated Cs-C10-hydrogel has excellent swelling properties (2330 % swelling ratio) among six synthesized hydrogels. SEM analysis reveals that decyl crosslinker-bearing hydrogels are highly porous. The multi-functionality of Cs-C10-hydrogel and C10-hydrogel is explored towards -the controlled release of paracetamol/urea, and methyleneblue dye absorption. These studies disclose that chitosan0.84 intercalated hydrogels are showing superior-swelling behavior, high paracetamol/urea loading capacities and better dye entrapment than their non-intercalated counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Haripriya
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
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4
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Salar Amoli M, Yang H, Anand R, EzEldeen M, Aktan MK, Braem A, Jacobs R, Bloemen V. Development and characterization of colloidal pNIPAM-methylcellulose microgels with potential application for drug delivery in dentoalveolar tissue engineering strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129684. [PMID: 38307741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Incorporation of growth factors, signaling molecules and drugs can be vital for the success of tissue engineering in complex structures such as the dentoalveolar region. This has led to the development of a variety of drug release systems. This study aimed to develop pNIPAM-methylcellulose microgels with different synthesis parameters based on a 23 full factorial design of experiments for this application. Microgel properties, including volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), hydrodynamic size, drug loading and release, and cytocompatibility were systematically evaluated. The results demonstrated successful copolymerization and development of the microgels, a hydrodynamic size ranging from ∼200 to ∼500 nm, and VPTT in the range of 34-39 °C. Furthermore, loading of genipin, capable of inducing odontoblastic differentiation, and its sustained release over a week was shown in all formulations. Together, this can serve as a solid basis for the development of tunable drug-delivering pNIPAM-methylcellulose microgels for specific tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Salar Amoli
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials (SIEM), Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 - box 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Huimin Yang
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials (SIEM), Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Resmi Anand
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials (SIEM), Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Merve Kübra Aktan
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 - box 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annabel Braem
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 - box 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veerle Bloemen
- Surface and Interface Engineered Materials (SIEM), Campus Group T, KU Leuven, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 - box 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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5
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Dueramae I, Tanaka F, Shinyashiki N, Yagihara S, Kita R. UV-Crosslinked Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Interpenetrated into Chitosan Structure with Enhancement of Mechanical Properties Implemented as Anti-Fouling Materials. Gels 2023; 10:20. [PMID: 38247743 PMCID: PMC10815207 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
High-performance properties of interpenetration polymer network (IPN) hydrogels, based on physically crosslinked chitosan (CS) and chemically crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAM), were successfully developed. The IPN of CS/PNiPAM is proposed to overcome the limited mechanical properties of the single CS network. In this study, the viscoelastic behaviors of prepared materials in both solution and gel states were extensively examined, considering the UV exposure time and crosslinker concentration as key factors. The effect of these factors on gel formation, hydrogel structures, thermal stabilities of networks, and HeLa cell adhesion were studied sequentially. The sol-gel transition was effectively demonstrated through the scaling law, which agrees well with Winter and Chambon's theory. By subjecting the CS hydrogel to the process operation in an ethanol solution, its properties can be significantly enhanced with increased crosslinker concentration, including the shear modulus, crosslinking degree, gel strength, and thermal stability in its swollen state. The IPN samples exhibit a smooth and dense surface with irregular pores, allowing for much water absorption. The HeLa cells were adhered to and killed using the CS surface cationic charges and then released through hydrolysis by utilizing the hydrophilic/hydrophobic switchable property or thermo-reversible gelation of the PNiPAM network. The results demonstrated that IPN is a highly attractive candidate for anti-fouling materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isala Dueramae
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan
- Metallurgy and Materials Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Fumihiko Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan;
| | - Naoki Shinyashiki
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan;
| | - Shin Yagihara
- Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan;
| | - Rio Kita
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka 259-1292, Japan;
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6
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Siddiqui SA, Alvi T, Biswas A, Shityakov S, Gusinskaia T, Lavrentev F, Dutta K, Khan MKI, Stephen J, Radhakrishnan M. Food gels: principles, interaction mechanisms and its microstructure. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12530-12551. [PMID: 35916765 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2103087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Food hydrogels are important materials having great scientific interest due to biocompatibility, safety and environment-friendly characteristics. In the food industry, hydrogels are widely used due to their three-dimensional crosslinked networks. Furthermore, they have attracted great attention due to their wide range of applications in the food industry, such as fat replacers, encapsulating agents, target delivery vehicles, and many more. In addition to basic and recent knowledge on food hydrogels, this review exclusively focuses on sensorial perceptions, nutritional significance, body interactions, network structures, mechanical properties, and potential hydrogel applications in food and food-based matrices. Additionally, this review highlights the structural design of hydrogels, which provide the forward-looking idea for future applications of food hydrogels (e.g., 3D or 4D printing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Tayyaba Alvi
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abhishek Biswas
- Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Gusinskaia
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Filipp Lavrentev
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kunal Dutta
- Department of Human Physiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Jaspin Stephen
- Centre of Excellence in Nonthermal Processing, NIFTEM-Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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7
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Wu Y, Parandoust A, Sheibani R, Kargaran F, Khorsandi Z, Liang Y, Xia C, Van Le Q. Advances in gum-based hydrogels and their environmental applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121102. [PMID: 37479451 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Gum-based hydrogels (GBHs) have been widely employed in diverse water purification processes due to their environmental properties, and high absorption capacity. More desired properties of GBHs such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, material cost, simplicity of manufacture, and wide range of uses have converted them into promising materials in water treatment processes. In this review, we explored the application of GBHs to remove pollutants from contaminated waters. Water resources are constantly being contaminated by a variety of harmful effluents such as heavy metals, dyes, and other dangerous substances. A practical way to remove chemical waste from water as a vital component is surface adsorption. Currently, hydrogels, three-dimensional polymeric networks, are quite popular for adsorption. They have more extensive uses in several industries, including biomedicine, water purification, agriculture, sanitary products, and biosensors. This review will help the researcher to understand the research gaps and drawbacks in this field, which will lead to further developments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Ahmad Parandoust
- Farabi Educational Institute, Moghadas Ardebili St., Mahmoodiye St., No 13, 1986743413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Sheibani
- Amirkabir University of Technology-Mahshahr Campus, University St., Nahiyeh san'ati, Mahshahr, Khouzestan, Iran.
| | - Farshad Kargaran
- Department of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorsandi
- Amirkabir University of Technology-Mahshahr Campus, University St., Nahiyeh san'ati, Mahshahr, Khouzestan, Iran
| | - Yunyi Liang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Green Manufacturing Technology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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8
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Feng W, Wang Z. Tailoring the Swelling-Shrinkable Behavior of Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303326. [PMID: 37544909 PMCID: PMC10558674 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels with tailor-made swelling-shrinkable properties have aroused considerable interest in numerous biomedical domains. For example, as swelling is a key issue for blood and wound extrudates absorption, the transference of nutrients and metabolites, as well as drug diffusion and release, hydrogels with high swelling capacity have been widely applicated in full-thickness skin wound healing and tissue regeneration, and drug delivery. Nevertheless, in the fields of tissue adhesives and internal soft-tissue wound healing, and bioelectronics, non-swelling hydrogels play very important functions owing to their stable macroscopic dimension and physical performance in physiological environment. Moreover, the negative swelling behavior (i.e., shrinkage) of hydrogels can be exploited to drive noninvasive wound closure, and achieve resolution enhancement of hydrogel scaffolds. In addition, it can help push out the entrapped drugs, thus promote drug release. However, there still has not been a general review of the constructions and biomedical applications of hydrogels from the viewpoint of swelling-shrinkable properties. Therefore, this review summarizes the tactics employed so far in tailoring the swelling-shrinkable properties of hydrogels and their biomedical applications. And a relatively comprehensive understanding of the current progress and future challenge of the hydrogels with different swelling-shrinkable features is provided for potential clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Zhengke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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9
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Wu M, Mao S, Liu X, Liu Y, Cong P, Lv J, Tian H, Zhao Y. Strong tissue adhesive polyelectrolyte complex powders based on low molecular weight chitosan for acute hemorrhage control. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125755. [PMID: 37429337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-gelling and bioadhesive powders offered promising effective hemostats to suit irregularly shaped, complex and non-compressible wounds for clinical applications. In the current study, chitosan based polyelectrolyte complex coacervate were simply prepared by mixing high concentrations (10 %) of low molecular weight chitosan (CS) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) solutions. Obtained by lyophilization, the physical cross-linked polyelectrolyte complex powders would form a gel within 5 s upon hydration, which demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, significant antibacterial activities, strong and lasting adhesion on wet tissues in physiological environment. In vitro blood clotting assays showed that the CS/PAA powders could remarkably aggregate blood cells and accelerate blood clotting process. As studied by diverse hemorrhage models, including rat tail, liver and heart injuries and dog incision, CS/PAA powders significantly facilitated the decrease of blood loss as well as hemostatic time by creating robust physical barriers and promoting blood clot formation on the bleeding sites. These outstanding properties in terms of easy preparation, rapid self-gelling, strong wet adhesion, effective hemostasis and shape-adaptability endowed CS/PAA polyelectrolyte complex powders with great potential in managing acute hemorrhage of non-compressible trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Wu
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Shun Mao
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China.
| | - Peifang Cong
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Huaqin Tian
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China.
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10
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Hengtrakool C, Wanichpakorn S, Kedjarune-Leggat U. Chitosan Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Epidermal Growth Factor Promotes Pulp Cell Proliferation with a Minimum Effect on Fluoride and Aluminum Release. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3511. [PMID: 37688136 PMCID: PMC10490150 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials that are able to control the release of bioactive molecules is a challenging task for regenerative dentistry. This study aimed to enhance resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) for the release of epidermal growth factor (EGF). This RMGIC was formulated from RMGIC powder supplemented with 15% (w/w) chitosan at a molecular weight of either 62 or 545 kDa with 5% bovine serum albumin mixed with the same liquid component as the Vitrebond. EGF was added while mixing. ELISA was used to determine EGF release from the specimen immersed in phosphate-buffered saline at 1 h, 3 h, 24 h, 3 d, 1 wk, 2 wks, and 3 wks. Fluoride and aluminum release at 1, 3, 5, and 7 d was measured by electrode and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Pulp cell viability was examined through MTT assays and the counting of cell numbers using a Coulter counter. The RMGIC with 65 kDa chitosan is able to prolong the release of EGF for significantly longer than RMGIC for at least 3 wks due to its retained bioactivity in promoting pulp cell proliferation. This modified RMGIC can prolong the release of fluoride, with a small amount of aluminum also released for a limited time. This biomaterial could be useful in regenerating pulp-dentin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanothai Hengtrakool
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
| | - Supreya Wanichpakorn
- Department of Oral Biology and Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Cell Biology and Biomaterials Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Ureporn Kedjarune-Leggat
- Department of Oral Biology and Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Cell Biology and Biomaterials Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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11
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Pareja Tello R, Wang S, Fontana F, Correia A, Molinaro G, López Cerdà S, Hietala S, Hirvonen J, Barreto G, Santos HA. Fabrication of hydrogel microspheres via microfluidics using inverse electron demand Diels-Alder click chemistry-based tetrazine-norbornene for drug delivery and cell encapsulation applications. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37334482 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00292f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic on-chip production of polymeric hydrogel microspheres (MPs) can be designed for the loading of different biologically active cargos and living cells. Among different gelation strategies, ionically crosslinked microspheres generally show limited mechanical properties, meanwhile covalently crosslinked microspheres often require the use of crosslinking agents or initiators with limited biocompatibility. Inverse electron demand Diels Alder (iEDDA) click chemistry is a promising covalent crosslinking method with fast kinetics, high chemoselectivity, high efficiency and no cross-reactivity. Herein, in situ gellable iEDDA-crosslinked polymeric hydrogel microspheres are developed via water-in-oil emulsification (W/O) glass microfluidics. The microspheres are composed of two polyethylene glycol precursors modified with either tetrazine or norbornene as functional moieties. Using a single co-flow glass microfluidic platform, homogenous MPs of sizes 200-600 μm are developed and crosslinked within 2 minutes. The rheological properties of iEDDA crosslinked bulk hydrogels are maintained with a low swelling degree and a slow degradation behaviour under physiological conditions. Moreover, a high-protein loading capacity can be achieved, and the encapsulation of mammalian cells is possible. Overall, this work provides the possibility of developing microfluidics-produced iEDDA-crosslinked MPs as a potential drug vehicle and cell encapsulation system in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Pareja Tello
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Giuseppina Molinaro
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Sandra López Cerdà
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Sami Hietala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, 00280, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Luo J, Zhao X, Guo B, Han Y. Preparation, thermal response mechanisms and biomedical applications of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:641-672. [PMID: 37218585 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2217377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug treatment is one of the main ways of coping with disease today. For the disadvantages of drug management, thermosensitive hydrogel is used as a countermeasure, which can realize the simple sustained release of drugs and the controlled release of drugs in complex physiological environments. AREAS COVERED This paper talks about thermosensitive hydrogels that can be used as drug carriers. The common preparation materials, material forms, thermal response mechanisms, characteristics of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug release and main disease treatment applications are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION When thermosensitive hydrogels are used as drug loading and delivery platforms, desired drug release patterns and release profiles can be tailored by selecting raw materials, thermal response mechanisms, and material forms. The properties of hydrogels prepared from synthetic polymers will be more stable than natural polymers. Integrating multiple thermosensitive mechanisms or different kinds of thermosensitive mechanisms on the same hydrogel is expected to realize the spatiotemporal differential delivery of multiple drugs under temperature stimulation. The industrial transformation of thermosensitive hydrogels as drug delivery platforms needs to meet some important conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Yeruva T, Yang S, Doski S, Duncan GA. Hydrogels for Mucosal Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1684-1700. [PMID: 37126538 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal tissues are often a desirable site of drug action to treat disease and engage the immune system. However, systemically administered drugs suffer from limited bioavailability in mucosal tissues where technologies to enable direct, local delivery to these sites would prove useful. In this Spotlight on Applications article, we discuss hydrogels as an attractive means for local delivery of therapeutics to address a range of conditions affecting the eye, nose, oral cavity, gastrointestinal, urinary bladder, and vaginal tracts. Considering the barriers to effective mucosal delivery, we provide an overview of the key parameters in the use of hydrogels for these applications. Finally, we highlight recent work demonstrating their use for inflammatory and infectious diseases affecting these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taj Yeruva
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sydney Yang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shadin Doski
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Gregg A Duncan
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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14
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Tian B, Liu J. Smart stimuli-responsive chitosan hydrogel for drug delivery: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123902. [PMID: 36871689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Smart stimuli-responsive materials can respond to different signals (pH, temperature, light, electricity, etc.), and they have become a hot research topic for drug delivery. As a polysaccharide polymer with excellent biocompatibility, chitosan can be obtained from diverse natural sources. Chitosan hydrogels with different stimuli-response capabilities are widely applied in the drug delivery field. This review highlights and discusses the research progress on chitosan hydrogels concerning their stimuli-responsive capabilities. The feature of various stimuli-responsive kinds of hydrogels is outlined, and their potential use of drug delivery is summarized. Furthermore, the questions and future development chances of stimuli-responsive chitosan hydrogels are analyzed by comparing the current published literature, and the directions for the intelligent development of chitosan hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingren Tian
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jiayue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, Macau SAR, China.
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15
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McCoubrey LE, Favaron A, Awad A, Orlu M, Gaisford S, Basit AW. Colonic drug delivery: Formulating the next generation of colon-targeted therapeutics. J Control Release 2023; 353:1107-1126. [PMID: 36528195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colonic drug delivery can facilitate access to unique therapeutic targets and has the potential to enhance drug bioavailability whilst reducing off-target effects. Delivering drugs to the colon requires considered formulation development, as both oral and rectal dosage forms can encounter challenges if the colon's distinct physiological environment is not appreciated. As the therapeutic opportunities surrounding colonic drug delivery multiply, the success of novel pharmaceuticals lies in their design. This review provides a modern insight into the key parameters determining the effective design and development of colon-targeted medicines. Influential physiological features governing the release, dissolution, stability, and absorption of drugs in the colon are first discussed, followed by an overview of the most reliable colon-targeted formulation strategies. Finally, the most appropriate in vitro, in vivo, and in silico preclinical investigations are presented, with the goal of inspiring strategic development of new colon-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E McCoubrey
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Alessia Favaron
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Atheer Awad
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mine Orlu
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Simon Gaisford
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- 29 - 39 Brunswick Square, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK.
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16
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Kumar A, Rajamanickam R, Hazra J, Mahapatra NR, Ghosh P. Engineering the Nonmorphing Point of Actuation for Controlled Drug Release by Hydrogel Bilayer across the pH Spectrum. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56321-56330. [PMID: 36475612 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based pH-responsive bilayer actuators exhibit bidirectional actuation due to the differences in the concentration gradient developed across the thickness, the volume expansion due to swelling, and the mechanical stiffness of the layers involved. At a pH value (point), where the sum of these factors generates moments of equal magnitudes, the moments cancel each other and result in no net actuation. This pH point is termed here as a "nonmorphing point". In this work, we present a bilayer of chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) cross-linked with citric acid (CA) with tunable nonmorphing points across the pH spectrum by modulating the concentration and cross-linking density of the layers involved. The standard CS/CMC bilayer films took about 40 s to completely fold (clockwise) in 0.1 M HCl and 78 s to completely fold (anticlockwise) in 0.1 M NaOH. Generally, pH-responsive actuators are designed for targeted drug delivery to a specific site inside the body as they show bidirectional (clockwise/anticlockwise) actuation around a single nonmorphing point. The same pH-responsive system cannot be applied for drug release at another site with a different functioning pH. Thus, having a pH-responsive system with multiple nonmorphing points is highly desirable. Drug release experiments were performed with FITC and EtBr as model drugs loaded in CS and CMC layers. Moreover, the clockwise/anticlockwise actuation of the bilayer around the nonmorphing point can facilitate or inhibit the release of a drug. The clockwise actuation resulted in 55% FITC release and inhibited EtBr release to 4%; anticlockwise actuation resulted in 50% EtBr release and inhibited FITC release to 5%. We demonstrated morphing induced drug release by hydrogel bilayer films with tunable nonmorphing points across the pH spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Raja Rajamanickam
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Joyita Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Nitish R Mahapatra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pijush Ghosh
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Center for Responsive Soft Matter, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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17
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Sanjanwala D, Londhe V, Trivedi R, Bonde S, Sawarkar S, Kale V, Patravale V. Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound management: a review. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1664-1695. [PMID: 36440488 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2152791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) offer several advantages over their synthetic counterparts. Their natural origin contributes to their nontoxicity, high biocompatibility, and in vivo biodegradability. Their properties can be tuned finely to obtain hydrogels with desired mechanical, structural, and chemical properties. AREAS COVERED Such versatile characteristics have potentiated the use of PBHs for the delivery of drugs, vaccines, protein and peptide therapeutics, genes, cells, probiotics, bacteriophages, and other therapeutic agents. Recent advances in hydrogel-based formulations such as nanogels, microgels, microneedles, hydrogel beads, nanocarrier-loaded hydrogels, and complexation hydrogels have enabled the precise delivery of a wide range of therapeutics. This review aims to give a holistic overview of hydrogels in the delivery of a variety of therapeutics through different routes. EXPERT OPINION PBHs have been used to enable the oral delivery of vaccines and other biologicals, thereby allowing self-administration of life-saving vaccines during public health emergencies. There is a lack of commercialized wound dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds. PBH-based wound dressings, especially those based on chitosan and loaded with actives and growth factors, have the potential to help in the long-term treatment of such wounds. Recent developments in the 3D printing of hydrogels can enable the quick and large-scale production of drug-loaded hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Sanjanwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Vaishali Londhe
- SVKM's NMIMS, Shobhaben Pratapbhai School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Mumbai, India
| | - Rashmi Trivedi
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, India
| | - Smita Bonde
- SVKM's NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata Sawarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
| | - Vinita Kale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guru Nanak College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, India
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18
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Dalei G, Das S. Polyacrylic acid-based drug delivery systems: A comprehensive review on the state-of-art. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Advances in the role of natural gums-based hydrogels in water purification, desalination and atmospheric-water harvesting. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2888-2921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Recent Advances of Chitosan Formulations in Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810975. [PMID: 36142887 PMCID: PMC9504745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, a naturally abundant cationic polymer, is chemically composed of cellulose-based biopolymers derived by deacetylating chitin. It offers several attractive characteristics such as renewability, hydrophilicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity towards gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi, etc., because of which it is receiving immense attention as a biopolymer for a plethora of applications including drug delivery, protective coating materials, food packaging films, wastewater treatment, and so on. Additionally, its structure carries reactive functional groups that enable several reactions and electrochemical interactions at the biomolecular level and improves the chitosan’s physicochemical properties and functionality. This review article highlights the extensive research about the properties, extraction techniques, and recent developments of chitosan-based composites for drug, gene, protein, and vaccine delivery applications. Its versatile applications in tissue engineering and wound healing are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives for chitosan in biomedical applications are elucidated.
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21
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Dimmitt NH, Arkenberg MR, de Lima Perini MM, Li J, Lin CC. Hydrolytically Degradable PEG-Based Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Click Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4262-4273. [PMID: 36074814 PMCID: PMC9554872 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Hydrogels cross-linked by inverse electron demand Diels–Alder
(iEDDA) click chemistry are increasingly used in biomedical applications.
With a few exceptions in naturally derived and chemically modified
macromers, iEDDA click hydrogels exhibit long-term hydrolytic stability,
and no synthetic iEDDA click hydrogels can undergo accelerated and
tunable hydrolytic degradation. We have previously reported a novel
method for synthesizing norbornene (NB)-functionalized multiarm poly(ethylene
glycol) (PEG), where carbic anhydride (CA) was used to replace 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic
acid. The new PEGNBCA-based thiol-norbornene hydrogels
exhibited unexpected fast yet highly tunable hydrolytic degradation.
In this contribution, we leveraged the new PEGNBCA macromer
for forming iEDDA click hydrogels with [methyl]tetrazine ([m]Tz)-modified
macromers, leading to the first group of synthetic iEDDA click hydrogels
with highly tunable hydrolytic degradation kinetics. We further exploited
Tz and mTz dual conjugation to achieve tunable hydrolytic degradation
with an in vitro degradation time ranging from 2 weeks to 3 months.
Finally, we demonstrated the excellent in vitro cytocompatibility
and in vivo biocompatibility of the new injectable PEGNBCA-based iEDDA click cross-linked hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H Dimmitt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Matthew R Arkenberg
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mariana Moraes de Lima Perini
- Department of Biology, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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22
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Jiang YL, Niu S, Lin Z, Li L, Yang P, Rao P, Yang L, Jiang L, Sun L. Injectable hydrogel with dual-sensitive behavior for targeted delivery of oncostatin M to improve cardiac restoration after myocardial infarction. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6514-6531. [PMID: 35997155 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers human health and complex pathophysiology (e.g., coronary artery obstruction, myocardial apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, etc.) is involved. Therein, the loss of cardiomyocytes after MI in adults leads to gradual heart failure, which probably brings irreparable damage to the patient. Unfortunately, due to a cluster of limitations, currently used MI repair approaches always exhibit simple functions, low efficiency, and can hardly match the myocardial ischemia environment and clinical needs. In this study, we selected oncostatin M (OSM), a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 family that possesses an important role in cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation, cell proliferation, and regulation of inflammatory processes. Moreover, an injectable hydrogel with pH- and temperature-responsive behavior that can react with the acidic microenvironment of the ischemic myocardium was developed to deliver OSM locally. The functional hydrogel (poly (chitosan-co-citric acid-co-N-isopropyl acrylamide), P(CS-CA-NIPAM)) was fabricated by the facile reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and can be injected into the lesion site directly. After the gelation in situ, the OSM-loaded hydrogel exhibited continuous and localized release of OSM in response to specific pH and changes in MI rats, thereby accelerating angiogenesis and proliferation of cardiomyocytes, inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and improving cardiac function effectively. This study may provide a new perspective for the application of dual-sensitive hydrogels clinically, especially in tissue engineering for MI repair and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Shiwei Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Limei Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Peng Rao
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
| | - Lihong Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Innovative Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650100, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, P. R. China.
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23
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Ali I, Gulfam M, Jo SH, Seo JW, Rizwan A, Park SH, Lim KT. Reduction-responsive and bioorthogonal carboxymethyl cellulose based soft hydrogels cross-linked via IEDDA click chemistry for cancer therapy application. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:109-120. [PMID: 35931291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, novel biocompatible and reduction-responsive soft hydrogels were formulated from norbornene (Nb)-functionalized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNb). To cross-link the CMC-Nb via a highly bioorthogonal inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction, we employed a water-soluble and reduction-responsive diselenide-based cross-linker possessing two terminal tetrazine (Tz) groups with varying molar concentrations (Nb/Tz molar ratios of 10/10, 10/05, and 10/2.5). The N2 microbubbles liberated as a by-product during the IEDDA reaction generated in-situ pores in hydrogel networks. The resulting hydrogels had highly porous structures and relatively soft mechanical properties (storage moduli in the range 74 ⁓160 Pa). The hydrogels showed high swelling ratios (>35 times), tunable gelation times (1-5 min), and excellent doxorubicin (DOX) loading efficiencies (>85 %). The hydrogels exhibited stimuli-responsive and fast release of DOX (99 %, after 12 h) in the presence of 10 mmol of glutathione as compared to the normal PBS solution (38 %). The cytotoxic effects of blank hydrogels were not observed against HEK-239 cells, while the DOX-encapsulated hydrogels exhibited anti-tumor activity in BT-20 cancer cells. The results indicate potential applications of the CMC-based soft hydrogels in injectable drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israr Ali
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Gulfam
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Rizwan
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Manzoor A, Dar AH, Pandey VK, Shams R, Khan S, Panesar PS, Kennedy JF, Fayaz U, Khan SA. Recent insights into polysaccharide-based hydrogels and their potential applications in food sector: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:987-1006. [PMID: 35705126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are ideal for various food applications because of their softness, elasticity, absorbent nature, flexibility, and hygroscopic nature. Polysaccharide hydrogels are particularly suitable because of the hydrophilic nature, their food compatibility, and their non-immunogenic character. Such hydrogels offer a wide range of successful applications such as food preservation, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and food packaging. Additionally, polysaccharide hydrogels have proven to play a significant role in the formulation of food flavor carrier systems, thus diversifying the horizons of newer developments in food processing sector. Polysaccharide hydrogels are comprised of natural polymers such as alginate, chitosan, starch, pectin and hyaluronic acid when crosslinked physically or chemically. Hydrogels with interchangeable, antimicrobial and barrier properties are referred to as smart hydrogels. This review brings together the recent and relevant polysaccharide research in these polysaccharide hydrogel applications areas and seeks to point the way forward for future research and interventions. Applications in carrying out the process of flavor carrier system directly through their incorporation in food matrices, broadening the domain for food application innovations. The classification and important features of polysaccharide-based hydrogels in food processing are the topics of the current review study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshied Manzoor
- Department of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, A.M.U., Aligarh, 202002, UP, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir 1921222, India.
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, UP, India
| | - Rafeeya Shams
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Sadeeya Khan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Parmjit S Panesar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal, 148106, Punjab, India
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories, Kyrewood House, Tenbury Wells, Worcestershire WR15 8SG, United Kingdom
| | - Ufaq Fayaz
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Shafat Ahmad Khan
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir 1921222, India
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25
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Ansari MJ, Rajendran RR, Mohanto S, Agarwal U, Panda K, Dhotre K, Manne R, Deepak A, Zafar A, Yasir M, Pramanik S. Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: A Review of the State-of-the-Art. Gels 2022; 8:454. [PMID: 35877539 PMCID: PMC9323937 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A prominent research topic in contemporary advanced functional materials science is the production of smart materials based on polymers that may independently adjust their physical and/or chemical characteristics when subjected to external stimuli. Smart hydrogels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) demonstrate distinct thermoresponsive features close to a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) that enhance their capability in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound dressings. Nevertheless, they have intrinsic shortcomings such as poor mechanical properties, limited loading capacity of actives, and poor biodegradability. Formulation of PNIPAM with diverse functional constituents to develop hydrogel composites is an efficient scheme to overcome these defects, which can significantly help for practicable application. This review reports on the latest developments in functional PNIPAM-based smart hydrogels for various biomedical applications. The first section describes the properties of PNIPAM-based hydrogels, followed by potential applications in diverse fields. Ultimately, this review summarizes the challenges and opportunities in this emerging area of research and development concerning this fascinating polymer-based system deep-rooted in chemistry and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahul R. Rajendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India;
| | - Unnati Agarwal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, Grand Trunk Road, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India;
| | - Kingshuk Panda
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India;
| | - Kishore Dhotre
- I.C.M.R.—National Institute of Virology, Pune 411021, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Ravi Manne
- Chemtex Environmental Lab, Quality Control and Assurance Department, 3082 25th Street, Port Arthur, TX 77642, USA;
| | - A. Deepak
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600124, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; or
| | - Mohd Yasir
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Asella 396, Ethiopia;
| | - Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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Qureshi AUR, Arshad N, Rasool A, Islam A, Rizwan M, Haseeb M, Rasheed T, Bilal M. Chitosan and carrageenan‐based biocompatible hydrogel platforms for cosmeceutical, drug delivery and biomedical applications. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202200052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasima Arshad
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Atta Rasool
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Atif Islam
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology University of the Punjab Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry The University of Lahore Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- Department of Chemistry The University of Lahore Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huai'an 223003 China
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Xu C, Ban Q, Wang W, Hou J, Jiang Z. Novel nano-encapsulated probiotic agents: Encapsulate materials, delivery, and encapsulation systems. J Control Release 2022; 349:184-205. [PMID: 35798093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbes are closely associated with most human health. When ingested orally, probiotics can effectively regulate the composition and quantity of human intestinal microorganisms, which is beneficial to human health. However, probiotics will be affected by the harsh environment of the digestive tract during the in vivo transportation process, and ensuring the viability of probiotics is a great challenge. Probiotic encapsulating technology provides an effective solution to this problem. The introduction of extreme temperatures, large probiotic microcapsule sizes and the difficulty in controlling probiotic microcapsule particle sizes mean that traditional microcapsule encapsulation methods have some limitations. From traditional microcapsule technology to the bulk encapsulation of probiotics with nanofibers and nanoparticles to the recent ability to wear nano "armor" for a single probiotic through biofilm, biological membrane and nanocoating. Emerging probiotic nanoagents provides a new conceptual and development direction for the field of probiotic encapsulation. In this review, we presented the characteristics of encapsulated probiotic carrier materials and digestive tract transport systems, we focused on the encapsulation systems of probiotic nanoagents, we analyzed the shortcomings and advantages of the current agent encapsulation systems, and we stated the developmental direction and challenges for these agents for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingfeng Ban
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China.
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28
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Hoang HT, Vu TT, Karthika V, Jo SH, Jo YJ, Seo JW, Oh CW, Park SH, Lim KT. Dual cross-linked chitosan/alginate hydrogels prepared by Nb-Tz ‘click’ reaction for pH responsive drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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29
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Synthesis of N-vinylcaprolactam and methacrylic acid based hydrogels and investigation of drug release characteristics. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Multiple Roles of Chitosan in Mucosal Drug Delivery: An Updated Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050335. [PMID: 35621986 PMCID: PMC9146108 DOI: 10.3390/md20050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a linear polysaccharide obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, which, after cellulose, is the second biopolymer most abundant in nature, being the primary component of the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. Since joining the pharmaceutical field, in the early 1990s, CS attracted great interest, which has constantly increased over the years, due to its several beneficial and favorable features, including large availability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, simplicity of chemical modifications, mucoadhesion and permeation enhancer power, joined to its capability of forming films, hydrogels and micro- and nanoparticles. Moreover, its cationic character, which renders it unique among biodegradable polymers, is responsible for the ability of CS to strongly interact with different types of molecules and for its intrinsic antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic activities. However, its pH-dependent solubility and susceptibility to ions presence may represent serious drawbacks and require suitable strategies to be overcome. Presently, CS and its derivatives are widely investigated for a great variety of pharmaceutical applications, particularly in drug delivery. Among the alternative routes to overcome the problems related to the classic oral drug administration, the mucosal route is becoming the favorite non-invasive delivery pathway. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the applications of CS and its derivatives in novel formulations intended for different methods of mucosal drug delivery.
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31
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Nanosponge membrane with 3D-macrocycle β-cyclodextrin as molecular cage to simultaneously enhance antifouling properties and efficient separation of dye/oil mixtures. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Based Electrically Conductive Hydrogels and Their Applications. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050280. [PMID: 35621578 PMCID: PMC9142127 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) based electrically conductive hydrogels (PNIPAM-ECHs) have been extensively studied in recent decades due to their thermal-responsive (leading to the volume change of hydrogels) and electrically conductive performance. The incorporation of conductive components into the PNIPAM hydrogel network makes it become conductive hydrogel, and as a result, the PNIPAM hydrogel could become sensitive to an electrical signal, greatly expanding its application. In addition, conductive components usually bring new stimuli-responsive properties of PNIPAM-based hydrogels, such as near-infrared light and stress/strain responsive properties. PNIPAM-ECHs display a wide range of applications in human motion detection, actuators, controlled drug release, wound dressings, etc. To summarize recent research advances and achievements related to PNIPAM-ECHs, this manuscript first reviews the design and structure of representative PNIPAM-ECHs according to their conductive components. Then, the applications of PNIPAM-ECHs have been classified and discussed. Finally, the remaining problems related to PNIPAM-ECHs have been summarized and a future research direction is proposed which is to fabricate PNIPAM-ECHs with integrated multifunctionality.
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Maliki S, Sharma G, Kumar A, Moral-Zamorano M, Moradi O, Baselga J, Stadler FJ, García-Peñas A. Chitosan as a Tool for Sustainable Development: A Mini Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071475. [PMID: 35406347 PMCID: PMC9003291 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
New developments require innovative ecofriendly materials defined by their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. For that reason, the scientific society is focused on biopolymers such as chitosan, which is the second most abundant in the world after cellulose. These new materials should show good properties in terms of sustainability, circularity, and energy consumption during industrial applications. The idea is to replace traditional raw materials with new ecofriendly materials which contribute to keeping a high production rate but also reducing its environmental impact and the costs. The chitosan shows interesting and unique properties, thus it can be used for different purposes which contributes to the design and development of sustainable novel materials. This helps in promoting sustainability through the use of chitosan and diverse materials based on it. For example, it is a good sustainable alternative for food packaging or it can be used for sustainable agriculture. The chitosan can also reduce the pollution of other industrial processes such as paper production. This mini review collects some of the most important advances for the sustainable use of chitosan for promoting circular economy. Hence, the present review focuses on different aspects of chitosan from its synthesis to multiple applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundouss Maliki
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, India;
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- School of Science and Technology, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247001, India
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Amit Kumar
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, India;
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - María Moral-Zamorano
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Omid Moradi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 61349, Iran;
| | - Juan Baselga
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Florian J. Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Alberto García-Peñas
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.G.-P.)
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Nicolle L, Journot CMA, Gerber-Lemaire S. Chitosan Functionalization: Covalent and Non-Covalent Interactions and Their Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4118. [PMID: 34883621 PMCID: PMC8659004 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that has gained great interest in many research fields due to its promising biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. The versatility of this low-cost polymer allows for a variety of chemical modifications via covalent conjugation and non-covalent interactions, which are designed to further improve the properties of interest. This review aims at presenting the broad range of functionalization strategies reported over the last five years to reflect the state-of-the art of CS derivatization. We start by describing covalent modifications performed on the CS backbone, followed by non-covalent CS modifications involving small molecules, proteins, and metal adjuvants. An overview of CS-based systems involving both covalent and electrostatic modification patterns is then presented. Finally, a special focus will be given on the characterization techniques commonly used to qualify the composition and physical properties of CS derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
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35
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Bustamante-Torres M, Romero-Fierro D, Arcentales-Vera B, Palomino K, Magaña H, Bucio E. Hydrogels Classification According to the Physical or Chemical Interactions and as Stimuli-Sensitive Materials. Gels 2021; 7:182. [PMID: 34842654 PMCID: PMC8628675 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are attractive biomaterials with favorable characteristics due to their water uptake capacity. However, hydrogel properties are determined by the cross-linking degree and nature, the tacticity, and the crystallinity of the polymer. These biomaterials can be sorted out according to the internal structure and by their response to external factors. In this case, the internal interaction can be reversible when the internal chains are led by physicochemical interactions. These physical hydrogels can be synthesized through several techniques such as crystallization, amphiphilic copolymers, charge interactions, hydrogen bonds, stereo-complexing, and protein interactions. In contrast, the internal interaction can be irreversible through covalent cross-linking. Synthesized hydrogels by chemical interactions present a high cross-linking density and are employed using graft copolymerization, reactive functional groups, and enzymatic methods. Moreover, specific smart hydrogels have also been denoted by their external response, pH, temperature, electric, light, and enzyme. This review deeply details the type of hydrogel, either the internal structure or the external response. Furthermore, we detail some of the main applications of these hydrogels in the biomedicine field, such as drug delivery systems, scaffolds for tissue engineering, actuators, biosensors, and many other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Bustamante-Torres
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - David Romero-Fierro
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Belén Arcentales-Vera
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Kenia Palomino
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Magaña
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
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36
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Ogueri KS, Shamblin SL. Osmotic-controlled release oral tablets: technology and functional insights. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:606-619. [PMID: 34689998 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, oral osmotic tablets have sparked a therapeutic paradigm for controlled-release dosage forms due to their intrinsic insensitivity to physiological and physicochemical factors. Despite these benefits, the design of an optimal osmotic technology is precluded by various challenges. These limitations include manufacturing complexity, the lack of understanding of the functional mechanics, and inadequate optimization for the desired bio-performance. This paper systematically reviews the development of an osmotic-driven drug delivery system and the strategy for a zero-order release profile with an emphasis on swellable core technology. We discuss the applicability of the various types of osmotic tablets, their suitability to specific needs, and factors that drive the technology selection. Finally, we review the challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives associated with osmotic tablets.
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37
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Sagar P, Singh V, Gupta R, Kaul S, Sharma S, Kaur S, Bhunia RK, Kondepudi KK, Singhal NK. pH-Triggered, Synbiotic Hydrogel Beads for In Vivo Therapy of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Reduced Inflammatory Response. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7467-7484. [PMID: 35006707 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide nearly affecting two billion people. The efficacies of conventional oral iron supplements are mixed, intravenous iron administration acquaintances with finite but crucial risks. Usually, only 5-20% iron is absorbed in the duodenum while the remaining fraction reaches the colon, affecting the gut microbes and can significantly impact intestinal inflammatory responses. Therefore, administration of gut bacterial modulators such as probiotics, prebiotics, and any other dietary molecules that can stimulate healthy gut bacteria can enhance iron absorption without any adverse side effects. In this study, we have prepared an iron supplement to avoid the side effects of conventional oral iron supplements. The formulation includes co-encapsulation of iron with anti-inflammatory probiotic bacteria within alginate/starch hydrogels (B + I-Dex (H)), which has been demonstrated to be efficient in mitigating IDA in vivo. As intestinal pH increases, the pore size of hydrogel increases due to ionic interactions and thus releases the encapsulated bacteria and iron. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis confirmed the porous structure of hydrogel beads, and in vitro release studies showed a sustained release of iron and bacteria at intestinal pH. The hydrogel was found to be nontoxic and biocompatible in Caco2 cell lines. The formulation showed efficient in vitro and in vivo iron bioavailability in Fe depletion-repletion studies. B + I-Dex (H) was observed to generate less inflammatory response than FeSO4 or nonencapsulated iron dextran (I-Dex) in vivo. We entrust that this duly functional hydrogel formulation could be further utilized or modified for the development of oral therapeutics for IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sagar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Ritika Gupta
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Sunaina Kaul
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University Chandigarh, Sector 25, Chandigarh 160014, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Singhal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector-81 Mohali, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
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Development of a Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Drug Delivery System (DDS): An Update. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040153. [PMID: 34698125 PMCID: PMC8544468 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering a drug to the target site with minimal-to-no off-target cytotoxicity is the major determinant for the success of disease therapy. While the therapeutic efficacy and cytotoxicity of the drug play the main roles, the use of a suitable drug delivery system (DDS) is important to protect the drug along the administration route and release it at the desired target site. Polysaccharides have been extensively studied as a biomaterial for DDS development due to their high biocompatibility. More usefully, polysaccharides can be crosslinked with various molecules such as micro/nanoparticles and hydrogels to form a modified DDS. According to IUPAC, hydrogel is defined as the structure and processing of sols, gels, networks and inorganic–organic hybrids. This 3D network which often consists of a hydrophilic polymer can drastically improve the physical and chemical properties of DDS to increase the biodegradability and bioavailability of the carrier drugs. The advancement of nanotechnology also allows the construction of hydrogel DDS with enhanced functionalities such as stimuli-responsiveness, target specificity, sustained drug release, and therapeutic efficacy. This review provides a current update on the use of hydrogel DDS derived from polysaccharide-based materials in delivering various therapeutic molecules and drugs. We also highlighted the factors that affect the efficacy of these DDS and the current challenges of developing them for clinical use.
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Preparation of biodegradable, and pH-sensitive poly(azomethine)-chitosan hydrogels for potential application of 5-fluoro uracil delivery. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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Zhang G, Bao C, Yi H. Investigation of the temperature responsive behaviors of novel polyaspartamide derivatives bearing alkyl ether-type pendants. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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41
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Rabiee N, Bagherzadeh M, Ghadiri AM, Fatahi Y, Aldhaher A, Makvandi P, Dinarvand R, Jouyandeh M, Saeb MR, Mozafari M, Shokouhimehr M, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Turning Toxic Nanomaterials into a Safe and Bioactive Nanocarrier for Co-delivery of DOX/pCRISPR. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5336-5351. [PMID: 35007014 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid bioactive inorganic-organic carbon-based nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets enlarged with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were decorated to provide a suitable space for in situ growth of CoNi2S4 and green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. The ensuing nanocarrier supplied π-π interactions between the DOX drug and a stabilizing agent derived from leaf extracts on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and hydrogen bonds; gene delivery of (p)CRISPR was also facilitated by chitosan and alginate renewable macromolecules. Also, these polymers can inhibit the potential interactions between the inorganic parts and cellular membranes to reduce the potential cytotoxicity. Nanocomposite/nanocarrier analyses and sustained DOX delivery (cytotoxicity analyses on HEK-293, PC12, HepG2, and HeLa cell lines after 24, 48, and 72 h) were indicative of an acceptable cell viability of up to 91.4 and 78.8% after 48 at low and high concentrations of 0.1 and 10 μg/mL, respectively. The MTT results indicate that by addition of DOX to the nanostructures, the relative cell viability increased after 72 h of treatment; since the inorganic compartments, specifically CoNi2S4, are toxic, this is a promising route to increase the bioavailability of the nanocarrier before reaching the targeted cells. Nanosystems were tagged with (p)CRISPR for co-transfer of the drug/genes, where confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) pictures of the 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were indicative of appropriate localization of DOX into the nanostructure with effective cell and drug delivery at varied pH. Also, the intrinsic toxicity of CoNi2S4 does not affect the morphology of the cells, which is a breakthrough. Furthermore, the CLSM images of the HEK-293 and HeLa cell displayed effective transport of (p)CRISPR into the cells with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) of up to 8.3% for the HEK-293 cell line and 21.4% for the HeLa cell line, a record. Additionally, the specific morphology of the nanosystems before and after the drug/gene transport events, via images by TEM and FESEM, revealed an intact morphology for these biopolymers and their complete degradation after long-time usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Bagherzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
| | | | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran.,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Abdullah Aldhaher
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-3516, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Mozafari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S, Canada
| | - Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic
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42
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Lv X, Yuan M, Pei Y, Liu C, Wang X, Wu L, Cheng D, Ma X, Sun X. The Enhancement of Antiviral Activity of Chloroinconazide by Aglinate-based Nanogel and Its Plant Growth Promotion Effect. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4992-5002. [PMID: 33904309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Improving the efficiency and prolonging the duration of pesticides are of great significance in agricultural production. In this work, based on the antiviral compound chloroinconazide (CHI) synthesized previously, the improvement of the fabricated CHI-loaded alginate-based nanogel (CHI@ALGNP) was studied. It was found that CHI@ALGNP showed higher foliar adhesion than CHI and exhibited a sustained release for up to 7 days. CHI@ALGNP could also continuously activate the reactive oxygen species and antioxidant levels and induce the increase of salicylic acid content and the expression of its responsive gene PR2 for a long time, thus achieving sustained resistance to tobacco mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana. Strikingly, CHI@ALGNP could release Ca2+ and Mg2+ to promote the growth of N. benthamiana. Taken together, for the first time, we have shown the improvement of a nanogel carrier to the antiviral activity and growth promotion of small molecular pesticides. As the alginate-based nanogel can be easily applied to the spray-based pesticide delivery technology, our study provides a new strategy for the development of new pesticide preparations and the application of multifunctional pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengting Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuehong Pei
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changyun Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiangchuan Wang
- National Center for Enterprise Technology of Jingbo Agrochemicals Technology Co. LED, Binzhou 256500, China
| | - Lei Wu
- National Center for Enterprise Technology of Jingbo Agrochemicals Technology Co. LED, Binzhou 256500, China
| | - Daoquan Cheng
- National Center for Enterprise Technology of Jingbo Agrochemicals Technology Co. LED, Binzhou 256500, China
| | - Xiaozhou Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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