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Esidir A, Pekdemir S, Kalay M, Onses MS. Ultradurable Embedded Physically Unclonable Functions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16532-16543. [PMID: 38511845 PMCID: PMC10995905 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have attracted growing interest for anticounterfeiting and authentication applications. The practical applications require durable PUFs made of robust materials. This study reports a practical strategy to generate extremely robust PUFs by embedding random features onto a substrate. The chaotic and low-cost electrohydrodynamic deposition process generates random polymeric features over a negative-tone photoresist film. These polymer features function as a conformal photomask, which protects the underlying photoresist from UV light, thereby enabling the generation of randomly positioned holes. Dry plasma etching of the substrate and removal of the photoresist result in the transfer of random features to the underlying silicon substrate. The matching of binary keys and features via different algorithms facilitates authentication of features. The embedded PUFs exhibit extreme levels of thermal (∼1000 °C) and mechanical stability that exceed the state of the art. The strength of this strategy emerges from the PUF generation directly on the substrate of interest, with stability that approaches the intrinsic properties of the underlying material. Benefiting from the materials and processes widely used in the semiconductor industry, this strategy shows strong promise for anticounterfeiting and device security applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidin Esidir
- ERNAM
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Graduate
School of Natural and Applied Science, Materials Science and Engineering
Program, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Sami Pekdemir
- ERNAM
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kalay
- ERNAM
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Electricity and Energy, Kayseri University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Serdar Onses
- ERNAM
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
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Guo X, Sun X, Zhang J, Huang Y, Liu X, Liu X, Xu W, Chen D. Luminescent Mechanism and Anti-Counterfeiting Application of Hydrophilic, Undoped Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Silicon Nanocrystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303464. [PMID: 37670207 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) have attracted extensive attention in many advanced applications due to silicon's high natural abundance, low toxicity, and impressive optical properties. However, these applications are mainly focused on fluorescent SiNCs, little attention is paid to SiNCs with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and their relative applications, especially water-dispersed ones. Herein, this work presents water-dispersible RTP SiNCs (UA-SiNCs) and their optical applications. The UA-SiNCs with a uniform particle size of 2.8 nm are prepared by thermal hydrosilylation between hydrogen-terminated SiNCs (H-SiNCs) and 10-undecenoic acid (UA). Interestingly, the resultant UA-SiNCs can exhibit tunable long-lived RTP with an average lifetime of 0.85 s. The RTP feature of the UA-SiNCs is confirmed to the n-π* transitions of their surface C═O groups. Subsequently, new dual-modal emissive UA-SiNCs-based ink is fabricated by blending with sodium alginate (SA) as the binder. The customized anticounterfeiting labels are also prepared on cellulosic substrates by screen-printing technique. As expected, UA-SiNCs/SA ink exhibits excellent practicability in anticounterfeiting applications. These findings will trigger the rapid development of RTP SiNCs, envisioning enormous potential in future advanced applications such as high-level anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Xuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfen Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Weilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
| | - Dongzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
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Esidir A, Kayaci N, Kiremitler NB, Kalay M, Sahin F, Sezer G, Kaya M, Onses MS. Food-Grade Physically Unclonable Functions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41373-41384. [PMID: 37615185 PMCID: PMC10485800 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Counterfeit products in the pharmaceutical and food industries have posed an overwhelmingly increasing threat to the health of individuals and societies. An effective approach to prevent counterfeiting is the attachment of security labels directly on drugs and food products. This approach requires the development of security labels composed of safely digestible materials. In this study, we present the fabrication of security labels entirely based on the use of food-grade materials. The key idea proposed in this study is the exploitation of food-grade corn starch (CS) as an encoding material based on the microscopic dimensions, particulate structure, and adsorbent characteristics. The strong adsorption of a food colorant, erythrosine B (ErB), onto CS results in fluorescent CS@ErB microparticles. Randomly positioned CS@ErB particles can be obtained simply by spin-coating from aqueous solutions of tuned concentrations followed by transfer to an edible gelatin film. The optical and fluorescence microscopy images of randomly positioned particles are then used to construct keys for a physically unclonable function (PUF)-based security label. The performance of PUFs evaluated by uniformity, uniqueness, and randomness analysis demonstrates the strong promise of this platform. The biocompatibility of the fabricated PUFs is confirmed with assays using murine fibroblast cells. The extremely low-cost and sustainable security primitives fabricated from off-the-shelf food materials offer new routes in the fight against counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidin Esidir
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Kayaci
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - N. Burak Kiremitler
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kalay
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Electricity and Energy, Kayseri University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Furkan Sahin
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Beykent University, İstanbul 34398, Turkey
| | - Gulay Sezer
- Department
of Pharmacology, Erciyes University, Faculty
of Medicine, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - M. Serdar Onses
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes
University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
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Stimuli-responsive color-tunable BaLa2ZnO5:Bi3+ phosphor for the encryption and authentication of security patterns and latent fingerprint detection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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