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El-araby A, Janati W, Ullah R, Uddin N, Bari A. Antifungal efficacy of chitosan extracted from shrimp shell on strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa) postharvest spoilage fungi. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29286. [PMID: 38617969 PMCID: PMC11015463 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The strong demand for biological materials in the food industry places chitosan at the forefront of other biopolymers. The present study aims to evaluate the antifungal properties of chitosan extracted from shrimp shell waste (Parapenaeus longirostris) against post-harvest strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) spoilage fungi. The physicochemical characteristics (DD, Mw, and solubility) of extracted chitosan were determined. In addition, functional characteristics were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antifungal effect of chitosan on mycelial growth and spore germination of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizopus stolonifer was evaluated. Yield, degree of deacetylation, molecular weight, and solubility were 21.86%, 83.50%, 180 kDa, and 80.10%, respectively. A degree of deacetylation of 81.27% was calculated from the FTIR spectrum and a crystallinity index of 79.83% was determined from the X-ray diffraction pattern. SEM images of extracted chitosan showed a combination of fibrous and porous structure. At 3% chitosan, mycelial growth inhibition rates of A. niger, B. cinerea, F. oxysporum, and R. stolonifer ranged from 81.37% to 92.70%. At the same chitosan concentration, the percentages of spore germination inhibition of the isolated fungi ranged from 65.47% to 71.48%. The antifungal activity was highly dose-dependent. As a natural polymer, chitosan offers a convincing alternative to synthetic antimicrobials for the post-harvest preservation of strawberries. Its potential lies in its ability to inhibit the growth of spoilage fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir El-araby
- Functional Ecology and Environment Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30050, Morocco
| | - Walid Janati
- Functional Ecology and Environment Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, 30050, Morocco
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisar Uddin
- Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Banihashemian SA, Zamanlui Benisi S, Hosseinzadeh S, Shojaei S, Abbaszadeh HA. Chitosan/Hyaluronan and Alginate-Nanohydroxyapatite Biphasic Scaffold as a Promising Matrix for Osteoarthritis Disorders. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:176-191. [PMID: 38585453 PMCID: PMC10997938 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Regenerative medicine offers new techniques for osteoarthritis (OA) disorders, especially while considering simultaneous chondral and subchondral regenerations. Methods Chitosan and hyaluronan were chemically bound as the chondral phase and the osteogenic layer was prepared with alginate and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP). These scaffolds were fixed by fibrin glue as a biphasic scaffold and then examined. Results Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the porosity of 61.45±4.51 and 44.145±2.81 % for the subchondral and chondral layers, respectively. The composition analysis by energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) indicated the various elements of both hydrogels. Also, their mechanical properties indicated that the highest modulus and resistance values corresponded to the biphasic hydrogel as 108.33±5.56 and 721.135±8.21 kPa, despite the same strain value as other groups. Their individual examinations demonstrated the proteoglycan synthesis of the chondral layer and also, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the subchondral layer as 13.3±2.2 ng. After 21 days, the cells showed a mineralized surface and a polygonal phenotype, confirming their commitment to bone and cartilage tissues, respectively. Immunostaining of collagen I and II represented greater extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion in the biphasic composite group due to the paracrine effect of the two cell types on each other. Conclusion For the first time, the ability of this biphasic scaffold to regenerate both tissue types was evaluated and the results showed satisfactory cellular commitment to bone and cartilage tissues. Thus, this scaffold can be considered a new strategy for the preparation of implants for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Abdolvahab Banihashemian
- Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies Department, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Zamanlui Benisi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shojaei
- Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Prabakaran S, Rupesh KJ, Keeriti IS, Sudalai S, Pragadeeswara Venkatamani G, Arumugam A. A scientometric analysis and recent advances of emerging chitosan-based biomaterials as potential catalyst for biodiesel production: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121567. [PMID: 38008474 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a widely available polymer with a reasonably high abundance, as well as a sustainable, biodegradable, and biocompatible material with different functional groups that are used in a wide range of operations. Chitosan is frequently employed in widespread applications such as environmental remediation, adsorption, catalysts, and drug formulation. The goal of this review is to discuss the potential applications of chitosan and its chemically modified solids as a catalyst in biodiesel production. The existing manuscripts are integrated based on the nature of materials used as chitosan and its modifications. A short overview of chitosan's structural characteristics, properties, and some ideal methods to be considered in catalysis activities are addressed. This article includes an analysis of a chitosan-based scientometric conducted between 1975 and 2023 using VOS viewer 1.6.19. To identify developments and technological advances in chitosan research, the significant scientometric features of yearly publication results, documents country network, co-authorship network, documents funding sponsor, documents institution network, and documents category in domain analysis were examined. This review covers a variety of organic transformations and their effects, including chitosan reactions against acids, bases, metals, metal oxides, organic compounds, lipases, and Knoevenagel condensation. The catalytic capabilities of chitosan and its modified structures for producing biodiesel through transesterification reactions are explored in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prabakaran
- School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - K J Rupesh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Itha Sai Keeriti
- School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - S Sudalai
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | | | - A Arumugam
- Bioprocess Intensification Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Tamil Nadu, Thanjavur 613401, India.
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Prithiviraj M, Sasidharan A, Krishna BM, Sabu S, Sunooj KV, Anoop K, George J. Characterization and qualitative evaluation of cassava starch-chitosan edible food wrap enriched with culinary leaf powders for eco-friendly food packaging applications. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023:10820132231179492. [PMID: 37264607 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231179492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cassava starch-based edible food wraps were prepared by incorporating leaf powder from Indian curry leaf and Malabar bay leaf, reinforced with different (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) wt.% of chitosan. Eleven combinations of films were prepared and their sensory acceptability, physical properties, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) spectrum, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image, were evaluated. The thickness of the films ranged from 0.198 ± 0.12 to 0.372 ± 0.27 mm. Tensile strength was reported to be the highest (40.71 ± 1.21 MPa) in the curry leaf powder incorporated sample. Maximum elongation at break was reported by bay leaf powder incorporated (5.8 ± 1.59%) sample. The Young's modulus values were observed to be increasing along with the concentration of chitosan. Maximum seal strength values were reported by curry leaf powder incorporated film with 0.8% chitosan (2.93 ± 0.22 N/mm). The leaf powder incorporated samples reported a higher flavonoid content compared to the control. The color analysis (L*, a*, b*) of the films was identical to the natural leaf color. The SEM images indicated a rough texture for the leaf powder incorporated films. The FTIR evaluation confirmed the presence of the respective functional groups. The statistical evaluation done by statistical package for social sciences software showed that all the data were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05.). The study demonstrated the potential of incorporation of leaf powder and chitosan to enhance the properties of starch-based edible packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohandas Prithiviraj
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, India
| | - Abhilash Sasidharan
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, India
| | - Bindu Murali Krishna
- Sophisticated Test and Instrumentation Centre, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Sarsan Sabu
- School of Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | | | - Kiliyanamkandy Anoop
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kerala, India
| | - Johnsy George
- Food Engineering & Packaging, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysuru, India
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A New Mediterranean Flour Moth-Derived Chitosan: Characterization and Co-electrospun Hybrid Fabrication. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:3047-3066. [PMID: 36508074 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the chitin of adult Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuheniella) (Cht) was extracted and then converted to chitosan by deacetylation process to achieve the chitosan derived from E. kuheniella (Chsfm). The new chitosan-based scaffold was produced using the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) co-electrospinning technique. The degree of deacetylation was obtained using the distillation-titration and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface morphology and crystallinity index of Chsfm were observed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, respectively, and compared with the commercial chitosan (Chsc). Thermogravimetric analysis was used to estimate two chitosans' water content and thermal stability. The average molecular mass analysis was performed using viscometry. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration and DPPH assay were used to study the antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potential of the Chsfm, respectively. Accordingly, Chsfm was smoother with fewer pores and flakes than Chsc, and its crystallinity index was higher than Chsc. The water content and thermal stability were lower and similar for Chsfm compared to Chsc. The average molecular mass of Chsfm was ~ 5.8 kDa, making it classified as low molecular weight chitosan. The antimicrobial activity of Chsfm against a representative Gram-negative bacteria; E. coli resulted to be the same as Chsc. However, less effective than Chsc against a representative Gram-positive bacteria is S. aureus. The Chsfm/PVA ratio scaffold was optimized at 30:70 to fabricate a uniform nanofiber scaffold.
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Hosney A, Ullah S, Barčauskaitė K. A Review of the Chemical Extraction of Chitosan from Shrimp Wastes and Prediction of Factors Affecting Chitosan Yield by Using an Artificial Neural Network. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:675. [PMID: 36354998 PMCID: PMC9693855 DOI: 10.3390/md20110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two viable options to produce shrimp shells as by-product waste, either within the shrimp production phases or when the shrimp are peeled before cooking by the end user. This waste is considered a double-edged sword, as it is possible to be either a source of environmental pollution, through dumping and burning, or a promising source from which to produce chitosan as a biodegradable, biocompatible biopolymer which has a variety of agricultural, industrial, and biomedical applications. Chitosan is a deacetylated form of chitin that can be chemically recovered from shrimp shells through the three sequential stages of demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The main aim of this review paper is to summarize the recent literature on the chemical extraction of chitosan from shrimp shells and to represent the physicochemical properties of chitosan extracted from shrimp shells in different articles, such as chitosan yield, moisture content, solubility, ash content, and degree of deacetylation. Another aim is to analyze the influence of the main predictors of the chemical extraction stages (demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation) on the chitosan yield percentage by using a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network. This study showed that the deacetylation alkali concentration is the most crucial parameter, followed by the concentrations of acid and alkali of demineralization and deproteinization, respectively. The current review was conducted to be used in prospective studies for optimizing the chemical extraction of chitosan from shrimp wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karolina Barčauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto Av. 1, Akademija, 58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania
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Yarnpakdee S, Kaewprachu P, Jaisan C, Senphan T, Nagarajan M, Wangtueai S. Extraction and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Chitosan from Mantis Shrimp ( Oratosquilla nepa) Shell and the Development of Bio-Composite Film with Agarose. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193983. [PMID: 36235935 PMCID: PMC9570686 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantis shrimp (Oratosquilla nepa) exoskeleton, a leftover generated after processing, was used as a starting material for chitosan (CS) production. CS was extracted with different deacetylation times (2, 3 and 4 h), termed CS−2, CS−3 and CS−4, respectively, and their characteristics and antimicrobial and film properties with agarose (AG) were investigated. Prolonged deacetylation time increased the degree of deacetylation (DDA: 73.56 ± 0.09−75.56 ± 0.09%), while extraction yield (15.79 ± 0.19−14.13 ± 0.09%), intrinsic viscosity (η: 3.58 ± 0.09−2.97 ± 0.16 dL/g) and average molecular weight (Mν: 1.4 ± 0.05−1.12 ± 0.08 (×106 Da)) decreased (p < 0.05). FTIR spectra of extracted CS were similar to that of commercial CS. Among all the CS samples prepared, CS−3 had the best yield, DDA, Mν and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it was chosen for the development of composite films with AG at different ratios (CS−3/AG; 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100). As the proportion of AG increased, the tensile strength (29.96 ± 1.80−89.70 ± 5.08 MPa) of the composite films increased, while thickness (0.056 ± 0.012−0.024 ± 0.001 mm), elongation at break (36.52 ± 1.12−25.32 ± 1.23%) and water vapor permeability (3.56 ± 0.10−1.55 ± 0.02 (×10−7 g m m−2 s−1 Pa−1)) decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, lightness of the films increased and yellowness decreased. CS−3/AG (50/50) composite film exhibited high mechanical and barrier properties and excellent compatibility according to FTIR and SEM analyses. According to these finding, mantis shrimp exoskeleton could be used to produce CS. The developed bio-composite film based on an appropriate ratio (50/50) of CS−3 and AG has potential for being used as food packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthasinee Yarnpakdee
- Division of Marine Product Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Cluster of Innovative Food and Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5394-8259
| | - Pimonpan Kaewprachu
- Cluster of Innovative Food and Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand
| | - Chalalai Jaisan
- Cluster of Innovative Food and Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand
| | - Theeraphol Senphan
- Faculty of Engineering and Agro-Industry, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Muralidharan Nagarajan
- Tamil Nadu Dr. J Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Department of Fish Processing Technology, Dr. MGR Fisheries College and Research Institute, Ponneri 601 204, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand
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Fontana R, Marconi PCR, Caputo A, Gavalyan VB. Novel Chitosan-Based Schiff Base Compounds: Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092740. [PMID: 35566088 PMCID: PMC9102824 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) and its derivatives are receiving considerable attention for their great biocompatibility and broad-spectrum activities in many fields. In this work, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial activity of novel chitosan Schiff bases (CSSB). CS was synthesized by double deacetylation of chitin (Cn) after its extraction from the armors of crustaceans Astacus leptodactylus, and CSSB-1 and CSSB-2 were synthesized by interaction of CS with 4-(2-chloroethyl) benzaldehyde (aldehyde-1) and 4-(bromoethyl) benzaldehyde (aldehyde-2), respectively, at room temperature. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and against yeasts (Candida albicans) was significantly increased due to their higher solubility as compared to unmodified CS opening perspectives for the use of these compounds for antimicrobial prevention in different fields as, for example, food industry, cosmetics, or restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Fontana
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64b, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.F.); (P.C.R.M.)
| | - Peggy Carla Raffaella Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64b, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.F.); (P.C.R.M.)
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64b, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.F.); (P.C.R.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (V.B.G.)
| | - Vasak B. Gavalyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory, Yerevan Physics Institute, 2-Alikhanyan Brothers St., Yerevan 0036, Armenia
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (V.B.G.)
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Effects of Cashew leaf extract on physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of N, O–Carboxymethyl Chitosan films. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Application of extreme halophilic archaea as biocatalyst for chitin isolation from shrimp shell waste. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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