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Halder T, Yadav S. Total synthesis of the O-antigen repeating unit of Providencia stuartii O49 serotype through linear and one-pot assemblies. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2915-2921. [PMID: 34956410 PMCID: PMC8685571 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsular polysaccharides of pathogenic bacteria have been reported to be effective vaccines against diseases caused by them. Providencia stuartii is a class of enterobacteria of the family Providencia that is responsible for several antibiotic resistant infections, particularly urinary tract infections of patients with prolonged catheterization in hospital settings. Towards the goal of development of vaccine candidates against this pathogen, we herein report the total synthesis of a trisaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigen polysaccharide of the P. stuartii O49 serotype containing the →6)-β-ᴅ-Galp-(1→3)-β-ᴅ-GalpNAc(1→4)-α-ᴅ-Galp(1→ linkage. The synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit was carried out first by a linear strategy involving the [1 + (1 + 1 = 2)] assembly, followed by a one-pot synthesis involving [1 + 1 + 1] strategy from the corresponding monosaccharides. The one-pot method provided a higher yield of the protected trisaccharide intermediate (73%) compared to the two step synthesis (66%). The protected trisaccharide was then deprotected and N-acetylated to finally afford the desired trisaccharide repeating unit as its α-p-methoxyphenyl glycoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Somnath Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
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2
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Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas hydrophila strain K691 containing 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose. Carbohydr Res 2017; 439:23-29. [PMID: 28088128 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide (OPS) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas hydrophila strain K691 and studied by chemical methods and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D 1H,1H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, 1H-detected heteronuclear 1H,13C HSQC, and HMBC experiments. It was found that the O-specific polysaccharide was built up of pentasaccharide repeating units composed of β-GlcpNAc, 2-O-acetylated α-Rhap, and β-Quip4NAc residues. The following structure of the OPS was established: →3)-α-l-Rha2OAc-(1→3)-β-d-GlcNAc-(1→3)-α-l-Rha2OAc-(1→3)-β-d-GlcNAc-(1→2)-β-d-Qui4NAc-(1→.
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Komandrova NA, Kokoulin MS, Kalinovsky AI, Tomshich SV, Romanenko LA, Vaskovsky VE. The O-specific polysaccharide of the marine bacterium Rheinheimera pacifica KММ 1406T containing d- and l-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-galacturonic acids. Carbohydr Res 2014; 394:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stowell SR, Arthur CM, McBride R, Berger O, Razi N, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Rodrigues LC, Gourdine JP, Noll AJ, von Gunten S, Smith DF, Knirel YA, Paulson JC, Cummings RD. Microbial glycan microarrays define key features of host-microbial interactions. Nat Chem Biol 2014; 10:470-6. [PMID: 24814672 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genomic approaches continue to provide unprecedented insight into the microbiome, yet host immune interactions with diverse microbiota can be difficult to study. We therefore generated a microbial microarray containing defined antigens isolated from a broad range of microbial flora to examine adaptive and innate immunity. Serological studies with this microarray show that immunoglobulins from multiple mammalian species have unique patterns of reactivity, whereas exposure of animals to distinct microbes induces specific serological recognition. Although adaptive immunity exhibited plasticity toward microbial antigens, immunological tolerance limits reactivity toward self. We discovered that several innate immune galectins show specific recognition of microbes that express self-like antigens, leading to direct killing of a broad range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microbes. Thus, host protection against microbes seems to represent a balance between adaptive and innate immunity to defend against evolving antigenic determinants while protecting against molecular mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Stowell
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. [2]
| | - Connie M Arthur
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. [2]
| | - Ryan McBride
- 1] Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. [2] Department of and Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. [3]
| | - Oren Berger
- 1] Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. [2] Department of and Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nahid Razi
- 1] Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. [2] Department of and Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lilian C Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Gourdine
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexander J Noll
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - James C Paulson
- 1] Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA. [2] Department of and Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry and the Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Ovchinnikova OG, Rozalski A, Liu B, Knirel YA. O-antigens of bacteria of the genus providencia: structure, serology, genetics, and biosynthesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:798-817. [PMID: 24010842 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913070110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The genus Providencia consists of eight species of opportunistic pathogenic enterobacteria that can cause enteric diseases and urinary tract infections. The existing combined serological classification scheme of three species, P. alcalifaciens, P. stuartii, and P. rustigianii, is based on the specificity of O-antigens (O-polysaccharides) and comprises 63 O-serogroups. Differences between serogroups are related to polymorphism at a specific genome locus, the O-antigen gene cluster, responsible for O-antigen biosynthesis. This review presents data on structures of 36 O-antigens of Providencia, many of which contain unusual monosaccharides and non-carbohydrate components. The structural data correlate with the immunospecificity of the O-antigens and enable substantiation on a molecular level of serological relationships within the genus Providencia and between strains of Providencia and bacteria of the genera Proteus, Escherichia, and Salmonella. Peculiar features of the O-antigen gene cluster organization in 10 Providencia serogroups and biosynthetic pathways of nucleotide precursors of specific monosaccharide components of the O-antigens also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O G Ovchinnikova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Ovchinnikova OG, Arbatsky NP, Chizhov AO, Kocharova NA, Shashkov AS, Rozalski A, Knirel YA. Structure of a polysaccharide from Providencia rustigianii O11 containing a novel amide of 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalacturonic acid with L-glutamyl-L-alanine. Carbohydr Res 2011; 349:95-102. [PMID: 22230711 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An acidic polysaccharide was isolated from Providencia rustigianii O11 by the phenol-water extraction. The polysaccharide was cleaved by solvolysis with triflic acid to yield disaccharides with uronic acid derivatives at the non-reducing end. The polysaccharide and the disaccharides were studied by chemical analyses, high-resolution ESI MS, and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, and the following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: where GalNAcA stands for 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalacturonic acid, GalNAcA6GluAla for N-(2-acetamido-2-deoxygalacturonoyl)-l-glutam-1-yl-l-alanine, QuiNAc4NAcyl for 2-acetamido-4-[(S)-3-hydroxybutanoylamino]-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose (∼75%) or 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose (∼25%); the d configuration of GalNA and QuiN4N was ascribed tentatively. To the best of our knowledge, this is for the first time that an amide of uronic acid with a dipeptide is found in bacterial polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Ovchinnikova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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7
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Kocharova NA, Ovchinnikova OG, Bialczak-Kokot M, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Providencia alcalifaciens O25 containing an amide of D-galacturonic acid with N ɛ-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-lysine. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2011; 76:707-12. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911060125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Knirel YA, Perepelov AV, Kondakova AN, Senchenkova SN, Sidorczyk Z, Rozalski A, Kaca W. Structure and serology of O-antigens as the basis for classification of Proteus strains. Innate Immun 2010; 17:70-96. [DOI: 10.1177/1753425909360668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to structural and serological characteristics of the O-antigens (O-polysaccharides) of the lipopolysaccharides of various Proteus species, which provide the basis for classifying Proteus strains to Oserogroups. The antigenic relationships of Proteus strains within and beyond the genus as well as their O-antigenrelated bioactivities are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy A. Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia,
| | - Andrei V. Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna N. Kondakova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sof'ya N. Senchenkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zygmunt Sidorczyk
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Antoni Rozalski
- Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Kondakova AN, Vinogradov E, Lindner B, Kocharova NA, Rozalski A, Knirel YA. Mass‐Spectrometric Studies ofProvidenciaSR‐Form Lipopolysaccharides and Elucidation of the Biological Repeating Unit Structure ofProvidencia rustigianiiO14‐Polysaccharide. J Carbohydr Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300701787198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Ovchinnikova OG, Bushmarinov IS, Kocharova NA, Toukach FV, Wykrota M, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. New structure for the O-polysaccharide of Providencia alcalifaciens O27 and revised structure for the O-polysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O43. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1116-21. [PMID: 17368583 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2007] [Revised: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide from Providencia alcalifaciens O27 and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D (1)H,(1)H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, H-detected (1)H,(13)C HSQC, and HMBC experiments. It was found that the polysaccharide is built up of linear partially O-acetylated tetrasaccharide repeating units and has the following structure: [structure: see text] where Qui4NFo stands for 4-formamido-4,6-dideoxyglucose (4-formamido-4-deoxyquinovose). The O-polysaccharide structure of Providencia stuartii O43 established earlier was revised with respect to the configuration of the constituent 4-amino-4,6-dideoxyhexose (from Rha4N to Qui4N).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Ovchinnikova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Kocharova NA, Ovchinnikova OG, Toukach FV, Torzewska A, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. The O-polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O44 contains l-quinovose, a 6-deoxy sugar rarely occurring in bacterial polysaccharides. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:1419-23. [PMID: 15854616 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2005] [Revised: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) of Providencia stuartii O44:H4 (strain 3768/51) was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D (1)H,(1)H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, and H-detected (1)H,(13)C HSQC, and HMQC-TOCSY experiments. The O-polysaccharide was found to have a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit of the following structure: [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A Kocharova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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12
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Ovchinnikova OG, Kocharova NA, Torzewska A, Blaszczyk A, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. Structure of the O-polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O43 containing an amide of d-galacturonic acid with l-serine. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:1407-11. [PMID: 15854614 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Revised: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O43:H28 and studied by sugar and methylation analyses, Smith degradation and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 2D ROESY, and H-detected 1H, 13C HSQC and HMBC experiments, as well as a NOESY experiment in a 9:1 H2O/D2O mixture to reveal correlations for NH protons. It was found that the polysaccharide is built up of linear tetrasaccharide repeating units containing an amide of D-galacturonic acid with L-serine [D-GalA6(L-Ser)] and has the following structure:[3)-beta-D-GalpA6(L-Ser)-(1-->3)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NAc-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcpA-(1-->]n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Ovchinnikova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Kocharova NA, Ovchinnikova OG, Bushmarinov IS, Toukach FV, Torzewska A, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. The structure of the O-polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O57 containing an amide of d-galacturonic acid with l-alanine. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:775-80. [PMID: 15721353 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2004] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O57:H29. Studies by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional (1)H,(1)H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, H-detected (1)H,(13)C HSQC, and HMBC experiments, showed that the polysaccharide contains an amide of D-galacturonic acid with L-alanine and has the following pentasaccharide repeating unit: [formula: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A Kocharova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, RUS-119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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Ovchinnikova OG, Kocharova NA, Bakinovskiy LV, Torzewska A, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. The structure of the O-polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O47. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:2621-6. [PMID: 15476725 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O47:H4, strain 3646/51. Studies by sugar and methylation analyses along with Smith degradation and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional 1H,1H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY and H-detected 1H,13C HSQC and HMBC experiments, showed that the polysaccharide has a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure: [carbohydrate structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Ovchinnikova
- ND Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Torzewska A, Kocharova NA, Zatonsky GV, Blaszczyk A, Bystrova OV, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. Structure of the O-polysaccharide and serological cross-reactivity of theProvidencia stuartiiO33 lipopolysaccharide containing 4-(N-acetyl-d-aspart-4-yl)amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 41:133-9. [PMID: 15145457 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsim.2004.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2003] [Revised: 02/05/2004] [Accepted: 02/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O33 was obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and the following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established: -->6)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->4)-alpha-D-GalpA-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Quip4N(Ac-D-Asp)-(1-->, where d-Qui4N(Ac-D-Asp) is 4-(N-acetyl-D-aspart-4-yl)amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose. Structural studies were performed using sugar and methylation analyses and NMR spectroscopy, including conventional 2D 1H, 1H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY and 1H, 13C HSQC experiments as well as COSY and NOESY experiments in an H2O-D2O mixture to reveal correlations for NH protons. The O-polysaccharide of P. stuartii O33 shares an alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Quip4N(Ac-D-Asp) epitope with that of Proteus mirabilis O38, which seems to be responsible for a marked serological cross-reactivity of anti-P. stuartii O33 serum with the lipopolysaccharide of the latter bacterium. P. stuartii O33 is serologically related also to P. stuartii O4, whose O-polysaccharide contains a lateral beta-D-Qui4N(Ac-L-Asp) residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Torzewska
- Department of Immunobiology of Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Bushmarinov IS, Ovchinnikova OG, Kocharova NA, Blaszczyk A, Toukach FV, Torzewska A, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA, Rozalski A. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Providencia stuartii O49. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:1557-60. [PMID: 15178401 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Accepted: 03/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The O-specific polysaccharide chain (O-antigen) of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Providencia stuartii O49 was studied using sugar and methylation analyses along with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two-dimensional COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, H-detected 1H, 13C HSQC and HMBC experiments. The polysaccharide was found to have the trisaccharide repeating unit with the following structure: -->6)-beta-D-Galp(1-->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc(1-->4)-alpha-D-Galp(1-->
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S Bushmarinov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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