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Agrahari AK, Bose P, Jaiswal MK, Rajkhowa S, Singh AS, Hotha S, Mishra N, Tiwari VK. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Click Chemistry in Glycoscience and Their Diverse Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7638-7956. [PMID: 34165284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between organic azides and terminal alkynes, commonly known as CuAAC or click chemistry, has been identified as one of the most successful, versatile, reliable, and modular strategies for the rapid and regioselective construction of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as diversely functionalized molecules. Carbohydrates, an integral part of living cells, have several fascinating features, including their structural diversity, biocompatibility, bioavailability, hydrophilicity, and superior ADME properties with minimal toxicity, which support increased demand to explore them as versatile scaffolds for easy access to diverse glycohybrids and well-defined glycoconjugates for complete chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological investigations. This review highlights the successful development of CuAAC or click chemistry in emerging areas of glycoscience, including the synthesis of triazole appended carbohydrate-containing molecular architectures (mainly glycohybrids, glycoconjugates, glycopolymers, glycopeptides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycoclusters, and glycodendrimers through regioselective triazole forming modular and bio-orthogonal coupling protocols). It discusses the widespread applications of these glycoproducts as enzyme inhibitors in drug discovery and development, sensing, gelation, chelation, glycosylation, and catalysis. This review also covers the impact of click chemistry and provides future perspectives on its role in various emerging disciplines of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand K Agrahari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanchayita Rajkhowa
- Department of Chemistry, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology (JIST), Jorhat, Assam 785010, India
| | - Anoop S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science and Engineering Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Tiwari VK, Mishra BB, Mishra KB, Mishra N, Singh AS, Chen X. Cu-Catalyzed Click Reaction in Carbohydrate Chemistry. Chem Rev 2016; 116:3086-240. [PMID: 26796328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC), popularly known as the "click reaction", serves as the most potent and highly dependable tool for facile construction of simple to complex architectures at the molecular level. Click-knitted threads of two exclusively different molecular entities have created some really interesting structures for more than 15 years with a broad spectrum of applicability, including in the fascinating fields of synthetic chemistry, medicinal science, biochemistry, pharmacology, material science, and catalysis. The unique properties of the carbohydrate moiety and the advantages of highly chemo- and regioselective click chemistry, such as mild reaction conditions, efficient performance with a wide range of solvents, and compatibility with different functionalities, together produce miraculous neoglycoconjugates and neoglycopolymers with various synthetic, biological, and pharmaceutical applications. In this review we highlight the successful advancement of Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry in glycoscience and its applications as well as future scope in different streams of applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Bhuwan B Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Kunj B Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Anoop S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, One Shields Avenue, University of California-Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
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Christensen HM, Oscarson S, Jensen HH. Common side reactions of the glycosyl donor in chemical glycosylation. Carbohydr Res 2015; 408:51-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kandasamy J, Schuhmacher F, Hahm HS, Klein JC, Seeberger PH. Modular automated solid phase synthesis of dermatan sulfate oligosaccharides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1875-7. [PMID: 24402061 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48860h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dermatan sulfates are glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides that serve a multitude of biological roles as part of the extracellular matrix. Orthogonally protected D-galactosamine and L-iduronic acid building blocks and a photo-cleavable linker are instrumental for the automated synthesis of dermatan sulfate oligosaccharides. Conjugation-ready oligosaccharides were obtained in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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Laurent N, Voglmeir J, Flitsch SL. Glycoarrays--tools for determining protein-carbohydrate interactions and glycoenzyme specificity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4400-12. [PMID: 18802573 DOI: 10.1039/b806983m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate arrays (glycoarrays) have recently emerged as a high-throughput tool for studying carbohydrate-binding proteins and carbohydrate-processing enzymes. A number of sophisticated array platforms that allow for qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbohydrate binding and modification on the array surface have been developed, including analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. These platforms, together with examples of biologically-relevant applications are reviewed in this Feature Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Laurent
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre and School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, UK M1 7DN
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Bongat AFG, Demchenko AV. Recent trends in the synthesis of O-glycosides of 2-amino-2-deoxysugars. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:374-406. [PMID: 17125757 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new methods for stereoselective glycoside synthesis and convergent oligosaccharide assembly has been critical for the area of glycosciences. At the heart of this account is the discussion of the approaches for stereoselective synthesis of glycosides of 2-amino-2-deoxysugars that have emerged during the past two decades. The introductory part provides general background information and describes the key features and challenges for the synthesis of this class of compounds. Subsequently, major approaches to the synthesis of 2-amino-2-deoxyglycosides are categorized and discussed. Each subsection elaborates on the introduction (or protection) of the amino functionality, synthesis of glycosyl donors by introduction of a suitable leaving group, and glycosidation. Wherever applicable, the deprotection of a temporary amino group substituent and the conversion onto the natural acetamido functionality is described. The conclusions part evaluates the current standing in the field and provides a perspective for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen F G Bongat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri--St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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