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Habuchi O. Functions of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate containing GalNAc4,6-disulfate. Glycobiology 2022; 32:664-678. [PMID: 35552694 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) containing GalNAc4,6-disulfate (GalNAc4S6S) were initially discovered in marine animals. Following the discovery, these glycosaminoglycans have been found in various animals including human. In the biosynthesis of CS/DS containing GalNAc4S6S, three groups of sulfotransferases are involved; chondroitin 4-sulfotransferases (C4STs), dermatan 4-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST-1) and GalNAc 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase (GalNAc4S-6ST). GalNAc4S-6ST and its products have been shown to play important roles in the abnormal pathological conditions such as central nervous system injury, cancer development, abnormal tissue fibrosis, development of osteoporosis, and infection with viruses or nematodes. CS/DS containing GalNAc4S6S has been shown to increase with the functional differentiation of mast cells, macrophages and neutrophils. Genetic approaches using knockout or knockdown of GalNAc4S-6ST, blocking of the epitopes containing GalNAc4S6S by specific antibodies and chemical technology that enabled the synthesis of oligosaccharides with defined sulfation patterns have been applied successfully to these investigations. These studies contributed significantly to the basic understanding of the functional roles of CS/DS containing GalNAc4S6S in various abnormal conditions, and appear to provide promising clues to the development of possible measures to treat them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osami Habuchi
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Aichi University of Education, Igayacho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542, Japan
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Meng S, Bhetuwal BR, Nguyen H, Qi X, Fang C, Saybolt K, Li X, Liu P, Zhu J. β-Mannosylation via O-Alkylation of Anomeric Cesium Alkoxides: Mechanistic Studies and Synthesis of the Hexasaccharide Core of Complex Fucosylated N-Linked Glycans. European J Org Chem 2020; 2020:2291-2301. [PMID: 32431565 PMCID: PMC7236807 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A number of structurally diverse D-mannose-derived lactols, including various deoxy-D-mannoses and conformationally restricted bicyclic D-mannoses, have been synthesized and investigated in mechanistic studies of β-mannosylation via Cs2CO3-mediated anomeric O-alkylation. It was found that deoxy mannoses or conformationally restricted bicyclic D-mannoses are not as reactive as their corresponding parent mannose. This type of β-mannosylation proceeds efficiently when the C2-OH is left free, and protection of that leads to inferior results. NMR studies of D-mannose-derived anomeric cesium alkoxides indicated the predominance of the equatorial β-anomer after deprotonation. Reaction progress kinetic analysis suggested that monomeric cesium alkoxides be the key reactive species for alkylation with electrophiles. DFT calculations supported that oxygen atoms at C2, C3, and C6 of mannose promote the deprotonation of the anomeric hydroxyl group by Cs2CO3 and chelating interactions between Cs and these oxygen atoms favour the formation of equatorial anomeric alkoxides, leading to the highly β-selective anomeric O-alkylation. Based on experimental data and computational results, a revised mechanism for this β-mannosylation is proposed. The utilization of this β-mannosylation was demonstrated by an efficient synthesis of the hexasaccharide core of complex fucosylated N-linked glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Bishwa Raj Bhetuwal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Hai Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kevin Saybolt
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan‒Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, Michigan 48128, United States
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan‒Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, Michigan 48128, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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Chemical synthesis of 4-azido-β-galactosamine derivatives for inhibitors of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:477-491. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sakuragi M, Suzuki R, Hidari KI, Yamanaka T, Nakano H. Synthesis of p-methoxyphenyl sulfated β-GalNAc derivatives with inhibitory activity against Japanese encephalitis virus. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-0921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue is one of the units of chondroitin sulfate E (CS-E) which has been reported to have inhibitory activity against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Herein, we describe the synthesis of a series of p-methoxyphenyl β-GalNAc derivatives with a sulfate group at 3-, 4-, and/or 6-positions using an efficient route through a common synthetic intermediate. By measuring the inhibition activity of these compounds that bear different numbers and positions of sulfate groups, the effect of position specificity for interaction with the virus was determined. From these results, GalNAc6S and GalNAc4S6S derivatives inhibited JEV infections well; we suggest the 6-O-sulfate group is necessary for selective recognition by the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Sakuragi
- Department of Chemistry , Aichi University of Education , Igaya, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542 , Japan
| | - Ryoko Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry , Aichi University of Education , Igaya, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542 , Japan
| | - Kazuya I.P.J. Hidari
- Junior College Division , University of Aizu, Ikki-machi , Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8570 , Japan
| | - Takashi Yamanaka
- Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association , 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke , Tochigi 329-0412 , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakano
- Department of Chemistry , Aichi University of Education , Igaya, Kariya, Aichi 448-8542 , Japan
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Nguyen H, Zhu D, Li X, Zhu J. Stereoselective Construction of β‐Mannopyranosides by Anomeric
O
‐Alkylation: Synthesis of the Trisaccharide Core of
N
‐linked Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering The University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering The University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Natural Sciences University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn MI 48128 USA
| | - Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering The University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA
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Nguyen H, Zhu D, Li X, Zhu J. Stereoselective Construction of β-Mannopyranosides by Anomeric O-Alkylation: Synthesis of the Trisaccharide Core of N-linked Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4767-71. [PMID: 26948686 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A new and efficient approach for direct and stereoselective synthesis of β-mannopyranosides by anomeric O-alkylation has been developed. This anomeric O-alkylation of mannopyranose-derived lactols is proposed to occur under synergistic control of a kinetic anomeric effect and metal chelation. The presence of a conformationally flexible C6 oxygen atom in the sugar-derived lactol donors is required for this anomeric O-alkylation to be efficient, probably because of its chelation with cesium ion. In contrast, the presence of a C2 oxygen atom plays a minor role. This glycosylation method has been successfully utilized for the synthesis of the trisaccharide core of complex N-linked glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA.
| | - Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA.
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Gangadhar KN, Adhikari K, Srichana T. Synthesis and evaluation of sodium deoxycholate sulfate as a lipid drug carrier to enhance the solubility, stability and safety of an amphotericin B inhalation formulation. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:430-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pearson AG, Kiefel MJ, Ferro V, von Itzstein M. Synthesis of simple heparanase substrates. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4614-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05165b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Design and synthesis of substrates for newborn screening of Maroteaux-Lamy and Morquio A syndromes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:5994-6. [PMID: 20833037 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In continued efforts to develop enzymatic assays for lysosomal storage diseases appropriate for newborn screening laboratories we have synthesized novel and specific enzyme substrates for Maroteaux-Lamy (MPS VI) and Morquio A (MPS IVA) diseases. The sulfated monosaccharide derivatives were found to be converted to product by the respective enzyme in blood from healthy patients but not by blood from patients with the relevant lysosomal storage disease. The latter result shows that the designed substrates are highly selective for the respective enzymes.
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Inhibition of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase by ß-D-4-O-sulfo-N-acetylgalactosaminides bearing various hydrophobic aglycons. Glycoconj J 2009; 27:237-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Polyoxometalates as effective inhibitors for sialyl- and sulfotransferases. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:1061-6. [PMID: 19508952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sialylated and/or sulfated carbohydrate chains in glycoproteins and glycolipids play important roles in infection by microorganisms and diseases including cancer. Inhibitors of sialyl/sulfotransferases, responsible for the biosynthesis of these carbohydrate chains, could be medical agents against such infections and diseases. Polyoxometalates (PMs) are inorganic polyanionic molecules that have been shown to exhibit activity against tumors and infectious microorganisms; however, the effects of PMs on carbohydrate biosynthesis have never been investigated. Here, we found that some types of PMs can inhibit the enzymatic activities of specific sialyl/sulfotransferases. Several tungstate-type PMs inhibited Gal: alpha2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I) activity at sub-nanomolar levels. The half-inhibitory concentration of the best inhibitors was 0.2 nM and the inhibition was non-competitive for both donor and acceptor substrates (Ki values approximately 0.5 nM). By certain vanadate-type PMs, ST3Gal-I and Gal 3-O-sulfotransferase-2 (Gal3ST-2) were specifically inhibited at nanomolar levels. The inhibitory effect of a tungstate-type PM on ST3Gal-I was reversible and electrostatic. A ST3Gal-I mutant protein which was converted (335)Arg residue in the C-terminal region to Glu, was rather insensitive to the PM, suggesting that specific C-terminal basic amino acid of ST3Gal-I is involved in the binding to PMs. Collectively, PMs are novel inhibitors of specific sialyl/sulfotransferases.
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Expression of sulfotransferases involved in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate E in the bone marrow derived mast cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2008; 1780:687-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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