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Zhang M, Zhang K, Liu T, Wang L, Wu M, Gao S, Cai B, Zhang F, Su L, Wu J. High-Level Production of Lacto- N-neotetraose in Escherichia coli by Stepwise Optimization of the Biosynthetic Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16212-16220. [PMID: 37851455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), an abundant human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), has been approved as a novel functional additive for infant formulas. Therefore, LNnT biosynthesis has attracted extensive attention. Here, a high LNnT-producing, low lacto-N-triose II (LNT II)-residue Escherichia coli strain was constructed. First, an initial LNnT-producing chassis strain was constructed by blocking lactose, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, and UDP-galactose competitive consumption pathways and introducing β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase LgtA and β-1,4-galactosyltransferase LgtB. Subsequently, the supply of LNnT precursors was increased by enhancing UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and UDP-galactose synthesis, inactivating LNT II extracellular transporter SetA, and improving UTP synthesis. Then, modular engineering strategy was used to optimize LNnT biosynthetic pathway fluxes. Moreover, pathway fluxes were fine-tuned by modulating translation initiation strength of essential genes lgtB, prs, and lacY. Finally, LNnT production reached 6.70 g/L in a shake flask and 19.40 g/L in a 3 L bioreactor with 0.47 g/(L h) productivity, with 1.79 g/L LNT II residue, highest productivity level, and lowest LNT II residue thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tongle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mengping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shengqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bohan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengshan Zhang
- Shandong Huatai Paper Co., Ltd. and Shandong Yellow Triangle Biotechnology Industry Research Institute Co. LTD, Dongying 257335, China
| | - Lingqia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
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Zhang P, Zhu Y, Li Z, Zhang W, Mu W. Recent Advances on Lacto- N-neotetraose, a Commercially Added Human Milk Oligosaccharide in Infant Formula. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4534-4547. [PMID: 35385279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) act as the important prebiotics and display many unique health effects for infants. Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), an abundant HMO, attracts increasing attention because of its unique beneficial effects to infants and great commercial importance. It occurs in all groups of human milk, but the concentration generally decreases gradually with the lactation period. It has superior prebiotic property for infants, and its other health effects have also been verified, including being immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, preventing necrotizing enterocolitis, antiadhesive antimicrobials, antiviral activity, and promoting maturation of intestinal epithelial cells. Safety evaluation and clinical trial studies suggest that LNnT is safe and well-tolerant for infants. It has been commercially added as a functional ingredient in infant formula. LNnT can be synthesized via chemical, enzymatic, or cell factory approachs, among which the metabolic engineering-based cell factory synthesis is considered to be the most practical and effective. In this article, the occurrence and physiological effects of LNnT were reviewed in detail, the safety evaluation and regulation status of LNnT were described, various approaches to LNnT synthesis were comprehensively summarized and compared, and the future perspectives of LNnT-related studies were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Efficient biosynthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose by a novel β-1,4-galactosyltransferase from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans NUM4039. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109912. [PMID: 34670186 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) is a unique tetrasaccharide naturally occurring in human milk, as an important member of human milk oligosaccharides. Because of promising beneficial effects, it has been commercially added as a functional fortifier in infant formula. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase (β-1,4-GalT) catalyzes LNnT biosynthesis from uridine 5'-diphospho-galactose (UDP-Gal) to lacto-N-triose II (LNT II). There have been only two LNnT-producing bacterial β-1,4-GalTs, including the ones from Neisseria meningitidis and Histophilus somni. In this study, a novel LNnT-producing β-1,4-GalT was identified from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The enzyme was easily overexpressed in E. coli in soluble form. It displayed much higher transglycosylation versus hydrolysis activity, indicating its great potential in LNnT biosynthesis. The enzyme produced 13 mM LNnT from 20 mM LNT II and 60 mM UDP-Gal, with the yield of 65 % on LNT II and very low level of UDP-Gal hydrolysis. Therefore, it could be considered as a good candidate for the practical LNnT production.
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Zhu Y, Luo G, Wan L, Meng J, Lee SY, Mu W. Physiological effects, biosynthesis, and derivatization of key human milk tetrasaccharides, lacto- N-tetraose, and lacto- N-neotetraose. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:578-596. [PMID: 34346270 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1944973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have recently attracted ever-increasing interest because of their versatile physiological functions. In HMOs, two tetrasaccharides, lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), constitute the essential components, each accounting 6% (w/w) of total HMOs. Also, they serve as core structures for fucosylation and sialylation, generating functional derivatives and elongation generating longer chains of core structures. LNT, LNnT, and their fucosylated and/or sialylated derivatives account for more than 30% (w/w) of total HMOs. For derivatization, LNT and LNnT can be modified into a series of complex fucosylated and/or sialylated HMOs by transferring fucose residues at α1,2-, α1,3-, and α1,3/4-linkage and/or sialic acid residues at α2,3- and α2,6-linkage. Such structural diversity allows these HMOs to possess great commercial value and an application potential in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this review, we first elaborate the physiological functions of these tetrasaccharides and derivatives. Next, we extensively review recent developments in the biosynthesis of LNT, LNnT, and their derivatives in vitro and in vivo by employing advanced enzymatic reaction systems and metabolic engineering strategies. Finally, future perspectives in the synthesis of these HMOs using enzymatic and metabolic engineering approaches are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guocong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiawei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Faijes M, Castejón-Vilatersana M, Val-Cid C, Planas A. Enzymatic and cell factory approaches to the production of human milk oligosaccharides. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:667-697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chen C, Zhang Y, Xue M, Liu XW, Li Y, Chen X, Wang PG, Wang F, Cao H. Sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose and its sialyl and fucosyl derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7689-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01330e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) approach for the synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) and its derivatives at preparative scale was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Mengyang Xue
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Xian-wei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- One Shields Avenue
- Davis
- USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- One Shields Avenue
- Davis
- USA
| | - Peng George Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
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A carbosilane dendrimer and a silacyclopentadiene analog carrying peripheral lactoses as drug-delivery systems. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3564-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Uriel C, Gómez AM, López JC, Fraser-Reid B. Ready access to a branched Man5 oligosaccharide based on regioselective glycosylations of a mannose-tetraol with n-pentenyl orthoesters. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8361-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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11
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of sialic acid derivatives containing a long hydrophobic chain at the anomeric position and their C-5 linked polymers as potent influenza virus inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:446-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. Newkome
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemistry, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio 44234
| | - Carol Shreiner
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4717, and Department of Chemistry, Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio 44234
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Aizawa H, Hatano K, Saeki H, Honsho N, Koyama T, Matsuoka K, Terunuma D. Analytical investigations of the behavior of silole-core dendrimers with peripheral globotriaose in water and acetone/water mixed solvent. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Relapsing fever Borrelia binds to neolacto glycans and mediates rosetting of human erythrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:19280-5. [PMID: 19884498 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0905470106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of acute relapsing fever borreliosis is severe bacteremia. Some Borrelia species, such as B. duttonii and B. crocidurae, associate with erythrocytes and induce aggregation recognized as erythrocyte rosetting. Erythrocyte rosettes contribute to disease severity by increased tissue invasiveness (such as invasion of CNS and encephalitis), hemorrhaging, and reduced blood flow in affected microcapillaries. Here we report that relapsing fever Borrelia binds to neolacto (Galbeta4GlcNAcbeta3Galbeta4Glcbeta1)-carrying glycoconjugates that are present on human erythrocytes. This interaction is of low affinity but is compensated for by the multivalency of neo-lacto-oligosaccharides on the erythrocyte cell surface. Hence, the protein-carbohydrate interaction is dependent on multivalent neolacto-glycans to mediate binding.
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Hatano K, Saeki H, Yokota H, Aizawa H, Koyama T, Matsuoka K, Terunuma D. Fluorescence quenching detection of peanut agglutinin based on photoluminescent silole-core carbosilane dendrimer peripherally functionalized with lactose. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Oka H, Onaga T, Koyama T, Guo CT, Suzuki Y, Esumi Y, Hatano K, Terunuma D, Matsuoka K. Syntheses and biological evaluations of carbosilane dendrimers uniformly functionalized with sialyl α(2→3) lactose moieties as inhibitors for human influenza viruses. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5465-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hadad C, Bouquillon S, Harakat D, Muzart J. Hydrosilylation conditions applied on alkenyl benzylated xyloses: selective reduction and isomerization. Appl Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Architectures of Multivalent Glycomimetics for Probing Carbohydrate–Lectin Interactions. GLYCOSCIENCE AND MICROBIAL ADHESION 2009; 288:183-65. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2008_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hatano K, Yamazaki T, Yoshino K, Ohyama N, Koyama T, Matsuoka K, Terunuma D. Synthesis and lectin-binding activity of luminescent silica particles peripherally functionalized with lactose. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Oka H, Onaga T, Koyama T, Guo CT, Suzuki Y, Esumi Y, Hatano K, Terunuma D, Matsuoka K. Sialyl α(2→3) lactose clusters using carbosilane dendrimer core scaffolds as influenza hemagglutinin blockers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4405-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Oberli MA, Bindschädler P, Werz DB, Seeberger PH. Synthesis of a Hexasaccharide Repeating Unit from Bacillus anthracis Vegetative Cell Walls. Org Lett 2008; 10:905-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol7030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A. Oberli
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Bindschädler
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Hatano K, Aizawa H, Yokota H, Yamada A, Esumi Y, Koshino H, Koyama T, Matsuoka K, Terunuma D. Highly luminescent glycocluster: silole-core carbosilane dendrimer having peripheral globotriaose. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Yamada A, Hatano K, Koyama T, Matsuoka K, Takahashi N, Hidari KIPJ, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Terunuma D. Lactotriaose-containing carbosilane dendrimers: Syntheses and lectin-binding activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:1606-14. [PMID: 17197189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2006] [Revised: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbosilane dendrimers periphery-functionalized with lactotriaose (GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc) with valencies of three, four, six, and twelve were prepared for use in a lectin-binding assay. A lactotriaose derivative was prepared from D-glucosamine and D-lactose derivatives. The N-Troc-protected glucosamine glycosyl donor and 3'-O-unprotected lactose glycosyl acceptor were condensed in the presence of silver trifluoromethanesulfonate and methylsulfenyl bromide to provide corresponding trisaccharide with new beta-1-3 linkages in 92% yield. The protection group of the trisaccharide was transformed into an acetyl group. The 4-pentenyl glycoside was prepared from the acetate via glycosyl bromide. The alkene was converted into acetyl sulfide by addition of thioacetic acid under radical conditions. The lactotriaose unit was linked with carbosilane dendrimers to afford acetyl-protected glycodendrimers. De-O-acetylation of the dendrimers was carried out in the presence of sodium methoxide and then aq NaOH to give the desired lactotriaose clusters using a carbosilane dendrimer backbone. Their biological activities toward WGA were evaluated by fluorescence methods. The binding constants of free lactotriaose and trivalent, tetravalent, hexavalent, and dodecavalent glycodendrimers to WGA were determined to be 1.1x10(3), 4.4x10(4), 5.1x10(4), 2.8x10(6), and 1.3x10(6) M-1, respectively. The hexavalent glycodendrimer showed a 2500-fold larger binding effect than that of free lactotriaose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yamada
- Area for Molecular Function, Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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