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An X, Zong Z, Zhang Q, Li Z, Zhong M, Long H, Cai C, Tan X. Novel thermo-alkali-stable cellulase-producing Serratia sp. AXJ-M cooperates with Arthrobacter sp. AXJ-M1 to improve degradation of cellulose in papermaking black liquor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126811. [PMID: 34388933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent requirement to treat cellulose present in papermaking black liquor since it induces severe economic wastes and causes environmental pollution. We characterized cellulase activity at different temperatures and pH to seek thermo-alkali-stable cellulase-producing bacteria, a natural consortium of Serratia sp. AXJ-M and Arthrobacter sp. AXJ-M1 was used to improve the degradation of cellulose. Notably, the enzyme activities and the degradation rate of cellulose were increased by 30%-70% and 30% after co-culture, respectively. In addition, the addition of cosubstrates increased the degradation rate of cellulose beyond 30%. The thermo-alkali-stable endoglucanase (bcsZ) gene was derived from the strain AXJ-M and was cloned and expressed. The purified bcsZ displayed the maximum activity at 70 °C and pH 9. Mn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Tween-20 had beneficial effects on the enzyme activity. Structurally, bcsZ potentially catalyzed the degradation of cellulose. The co-culture with ligninolytic activities significantly decreased target the parameters (cellulose 45% and COD 95%) while using the immobilized fluidized bed reactors (FBRs). Finally, toxicological tests and antioxidant enzyme activities indicated that the co-culture had a detoxifying effect on black liquor. Our study showed that Serratia sp. AXJ-M acts synergistically with Arthrobacter sp. AXJ-M1 may be potentially useful for bioremediation for black liquor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Zhengbin Zong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Zhimin Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Min Zhong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Haozhi Long
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Changzhi Cai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Wuhan 430062, PR China
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Schiano‐di‐Cola C, Kołaczkowski B, Sørensen TH, Christensen SJ, Cavaleiro AM, Windahl MS, Borch K, Morth JP, Westh P. Structural and biochemical characterization of a family 7 highly thermostable endoglucanase from the fungusRasamsonia emersonii. FEBS J 2019; 287:2577-2596. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Trine Holst Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment Roskilde University Denmark
- Novozymes A/S Lyngby Denmark
| | | | | | - Michael Skovbo Windahl
- Department of Science and Environment Roskilde University Denmark
- Novozymes A/S Lyngby Denmark
| | | | - Jens Preben Morth
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
| | - Peter Westh
- Department of Science and Environment Roskilde University Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
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Hua C, Li W, Han W, Wang Q, Bi P, Han C, Zhu L. Characterization of a novel thermostable GH7 endoglucanase from Chaetomium thermophilum capable of xylan hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:342-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Urbach C, Halila S, Guerreiro C, Driguez H, Mulard LA, Armand S. CGTase-catalysed cis-glucosylation of L-rhamnosides for the preparation of Shigella flexneri 2a and 3a haptens. Chembiochem 2014; 15:293-300. [PMID: 24376024 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the enzymatic synthesis of α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside by using a wild-type transglucosidase in combination with glucoamylase and glucose oxidase. It was shown that Bacillus circulans 251 cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase, EC 2.1.4.19) can efficiently couple an α-L-rhamnosyl acceptor to a maltodextrin molecule with an α-(1→4) linkage, albeit in mixture with the α-(1→3) regioisomer, thus giving two glucosylated acceptors in a single reaction. Optimisation of the CGTase coupling reaction with β-cyclodextrin as the donor substrate and methyl or allyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside as acceptors resulted in good conversion yields (42-70%) with adjustable glycosylation regioselectivity. Moreover, the efficient chemical conversion of the products of CGTase-mediated cis-glucosylation into protected building blocks (previously used in the synthesis of O-antigen fragments of several Shigella flexneri serotypes) was substantiated. These novel chemoenzymatic strategies towards useful, convenient intermediates in the synthesis of S. flexneri serotypes 2a and 3a oligosaccharides might find applications in developments towards synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine candidates against bacillary dysentery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Urbach
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), Affiliated with Grenoble University and the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, Domaine Universitaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la Chimie, B. P. 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9 (France)
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Li DC, Li AN, Papageorgiou AC. Cellulases from thermophilic fungi: recent insights and biotechnological potential. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:308730. [PMID: 22145076 PMCID: PMC3226318 DOI: 10.4061/2011/308730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic fungal cellulases are promising enzymes in protein engineering efforts aimed at optimizing industrial processes, such as biomass degradation and biofuel production. The cloning and expression in recent years of new cellulase genes from thermophilic fungi have led to a better understanding of cellulose degradation in these species. Moreover, crystal structures of thermophilic fungal cellulases are now available, providing insights into their function and stability. The present paper is focused on recent progress in cloning, expression, regulation, and structure of thermophilic fungal cellulases and the current research efforts to improve their properties for better use in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo-Chuan Li
- Department of Environmental Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Schmaltz
- The Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Kobayashi S, Makino A. Enzymatic polymer synthesis: an opportunity for green polymer chemistry. Chem Rev 2010; 109:5288-353. [PMID: 19824647 DOI: 10.1021/cr900165z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Kobayashi
- R & D Center for Bio-based Materials, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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Towards tailor-made oligosaccharides-chemo-enzymatic approaches by enzyme and substrate engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 83:209-16. [PMID: 19357843 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-1989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate structures have been identified in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells as glycoconjugates with communication skills. Their recently discussed role in various diseases has attracted high attention in the development of simple and convenient methods for oligosaccharide synthesis. In this review, recent approaches combining nature's power for the design of tailor made biocatalysts by enzyme engineering and substrate engineering will be presented. These strategies lead to highly efficient and selective glycosylation reactions. The introduced concept shall be a first step in the direction to a glycosylation toolbox which paves the way for the tailor-made synthesis of designed carbohydrate structures.
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Kitaoka M, Honda Y, Fushinobu S, Hidaka M, Katayama T, Yamamoto K. Conversion of inverting glycoside hydrolases into catalysts for synthesizing glycosides employing a glycosynthase strategy. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2009. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.21.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rakić B, Withers SG. Recent Developments in Glycoside Synthesis with Glycosynthases and Thioglycoligases. Aust J Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/ch09059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycosynthases are hydrolytically incompetent engineered glycosidases that catalyze the high-yielding synthesis of glycoconjugates from glycosyl fluoride donor substrates and appropriate acceptors. Glycosynthases from more than 10 glycoside hydrolase families have now been generated, allowing the synthesis of a wide range of oligosaccharides. Recent examples include glycosynthase-mediated syntheses of xylo-oligosaccharides, xyloglucans, glycolipids, and aryl glycosides. Glycosynthases have also now been generated from inverting glycosidases, increasing the range of enzyme scaffolds. Improvement of glycosynthase activity and broadening of specificity has been achieved through directed evolution approaches, and several novel high-throughput screens have been developed to allow this. Finally, metabolically stable glycoside analogues have been generated using another class of mutant glycosidases: thioglycoligases. Recent developments in all these aspects are discussed.
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Piens K, Henriksson AM, Gullfot F, Lopez M, Fauré R, Ibatullin FM, Teeri TT, Driguez H, Brumer H. Glycosynthase activity of hybrid aspen xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase PttXET16-34 nucleophile mutants. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3971-8. [PMID: 18043802 DOI: 10.1039/b714570e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycosynthases are active-site mutants of glycoside hydrolases that catalyse glycosyl transfer using suitable activated donor substrates without competing product hydrolysis (S. M. Hancock, M. D. Vaughan and S. G. Withers, Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 2006, 10, 509-519). Site-directed mutagenesis of the catalytic nucleophile, Glu-85, of a Populus tremula x tremuloides xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase (PttXET16-34, EC 2.4.1.207) into alanine, glycine, and serine yielded enzymes with glycosynthase activity. Product analysis indicated that PttXET16-34 E85A in particular was able to catalyse regio- and stereospecific homo- and hetero-condensations of alpha-xylogluco-oligosaccharyl fluoride donors XXXGalphaF and XLLGalphaF to produce xyloglucans with regular sidechain substitution patterns. This substrate promiscuity contrasts that of the Humicola insolens Cel7B E197A glycosynthase, which was not able to polymerise the di-galactosylated substrate XLLGalphaF. The production of the PttXET16-34 E85A xyloglucosynthase thus expands the repertoire of glycosynthases to include those capable of synthesising structurally homogenenous xyloglucans for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Piens
- School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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