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Yuan Q, Liang R, Lv K, Shi X, Leng J, Liu Y, Xiao J, Zhang L, Zhao L. Structural characterization of a Chlorella heteropolysaccharide by analyzing its depolymerized product and finding an inducer of human dendritic cell maturation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:122000. [PMID: 38494209 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Chlorella polysaccharides have been gaining increasing attention because of their high yield from dried Chlorella powder and their remarkable immunomodulatory activity. In this study, the major polysaccharide fraction, CPP-3a, in Chlorella pyrenoidosa, was isolated, and its detailed structure was investigated by analyzing the low-molecular-weight product prepared via free radical depolymerization. The results indicated that CPP-3a with a molecular weight of 195.2 kDa was formed by →2)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →2)-α-D-Rhap-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-α-D-GlcpA-(1→, →2,3)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3,4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, and →2,3,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→ residues, branched at C2, C3, C4, or C6 of α/β-D-Galp and α-D-Manp, and terminated by α/β-L-Araf, α-L-Arap, α-D-Galp, and β-D-Glcp. Biological assays showed that CPP-3a significantly altered the dendritic morphology of immature dendritic cells (DCs). Enhanced CD80, CD86, and MHC I expression on the cell surface and decreased phagocytic ability indicated that CPP-3a could induce the maturation of DCs. Furthermore, CPP-3a-stimulated DCs not only stimulated the proliferation of allogeneic naïve CD4+ T cells and the secretion of IFN-γ, but also directly stimulated the activation and proliferation of CD8+ T cells through cross-antigen presentation. These findings indicate that CPP-3a can promote human DC maturation and T-cell stimulation and may be a novel DC maturation inducer with potential developmental value in DC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Yuan
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Rongyi Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Kunling Lv
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Xiaohuo Shi
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Jing Leng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Longyan Zhao
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China.
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Techno-economic modelling of high-value metabolites and secondary products from microalgae cultivated in closed photobioreactors with supplementary lighting. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Sushytskyi L, Synytsya A, Mirzayeva T, Kalouskova T, Bleha R, Čopíková J, Kubač D, Grivalský T, Ulbrich P, Kaštánek P. Fractionation of the water insoluble part of the heterotrophic mutant green microalga Parachlorella kessleri HY1 (Chlorellaceae) biomass: Identification and structure of polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:27-42. [PMID: 35623455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The water-insoluble part of Parachlorella kessleri HY1 biomass was subjected to the extraction of cell-wall polysaccharides using polar aprotic solvents (DMSO, LiCl/DMSO) and aqueous alkaline solutions (0.1, 1 and 4 mol·l-1 of NaOH). Proteins predominated in all the crude extracts and in the insoluble residues were partially removed by treatment with proteolytic enzymes (pepsin and pronase), and in some cases with the HCl/H2O2 reagent, yielding purified polysaccharide-enriched fractions. These treatments led to the solubilisation of some products in water. The composition and structure of isolated polysaccharides were characterised based on monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage and spectroscopic analyses. The DMSO extract contained mainly proteins, and polysaccharides were not detected. The water-soluble parts isolated from the LiCl/DMSO extract contained α-l-rhamnan, α-d-glucan and β-d-glucogalactan; the water-insoluble part contained (1 → 4)-β-d-xylan, first isolated from the biomass of green microalgae. The alkali extracts contained polysaccharides of similar structure, and also water-insoluble (1 → 4)-β-d-mannan. The insoluble part after all extractions contained α-chitin as the main polysaccharide, which was confirmed by spectroscopic methods. All these polysaccharides can play a certain role in the cell wall structure of this microalga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Sushytskyi
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Andriy Synytsya
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tamilla Mirzayeva
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kalouskova
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Bleha
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Čopíková
- Department of Carbohydrates and Cereals, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kubač
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třebon, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Grivalský
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třebon, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ulbrich
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kaštánek
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6 Dejvice, Czech Republic; EcoFuel Laboratories s.r.o, Ocelářská 9, Prague 9 Libeň 190 00, Czech Republic
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Kobayashi K, Shimizu H, Tanaka N, Kuramochi K, Nakai H, Nakajima M, Taguchi H. Characterization and structural analyses of a novel glycosyltransferase acting on the β-1,2-glucosidic linkages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101606. [PMID: 35065074 PMCID: PMC8861115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Wu CC, Zhang HT, Gao ZX, Qu JJ, Zhu L, Zhan XB. Enhanced solubility of curcumin by complexation with fermented cyclic β-1,2-glucans. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 211:114613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Gibberellic acids promote growth and exopolysaccharide production in Tetraselmis suecica under reciprocal nitrogen concentration: an assessment on antioxidant properties and nutrient removal efficacy of immobilized iron-magnetic nanoparticles. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5647-5659. [PMID: 34463810 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the effect of gibberellic acids to enhance the growth, biomass, pigment, and exopolysaccharides production in Tetraselmis suecica under reciprocal nitrogen concentrations. For this study, the seven types of experimental media (N-P, NL-P/2GA3, N0-P/2GA3, NL-P/4GA3, N0-P/4GA3, NL-P/6GA3, and N0-P/6GA3) were prepared with the addition of gibberellic acids under various nitrogen concentrations. The experiment lasted for 15 days and the cell density, biomass, chlorophyll 'a', and exopolysaccharides (EPS) concentration of T. suecica were estimated for every 3 days. Then the EPS was subjected to the analyses of chemical (carbohydrate, protein, sulfate, and uronic acid), and antioxidant activity. In addition, nutrient removal efficiency was evaluated using different concentration of EPS. The highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (86.7 ± 0.95%) and hydroxyl radical activity (85.7 ± 2.48%) were observed at the EPS concentrations 2.5 and 1.2 mg/mL, respectively. The immobilized magnetic Fe3O4-EPS (ferric oxide-exopolysaccharides) nanoparticles (5.0 and 10.0 g/L) have efficiently removed the excessive phosphate (89.5 ± 1.65%) and nitrate (73.5 ± 1.72%) from the Litopenaeus vannamei cultured wastewater. Thus, the application of gibberellic acids combined with limited nitrogen concentration could produce higher EPS that could exhibit excellent antioxidant activity, and nutrient removal efficacy in the form of Fe3O4-EPS magnetic nanoparticles.
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Colusse GA, Carneiro J, Duarte MER, Carvalho JCD, Noseda MD. Advances in microalgal cell wall polysaccharides: a review focused on structure, production, and biological application. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:562-577. [PMID: 34320897 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1941750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae have been shown to be useful in several biotechnological fields due to their feasible cultivation and high-value biomolecules production. Several substances of interest produced by microalgae, such as: proteins, lipids, and natural colorants, have already been explored. Based on the continuing demand for new natural molecules, microalgae could also be a valuable source of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides are extremely important in aquaculture, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and food industries, and have great economic impact worldwide. Despite this, reviews on microalgal polysaccharide production, biological activity, and chemical structure are not abundant. Moreover, techniques of microalgal cultivation, coupled with carbohydrate production, need to be clarified in order to develop forward-looking technologies. The present review provides an overview of the main advances in microalgal cell wall polysaccharide production, as well as their associated potential biological applications and chemical structure. Several studies on future prospects, related to microalgae are presented, highlighting the key challenges in microalgal polysaccharide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Augusto Colusse
- Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Carneiro
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Cesar de Carvalho
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Miguel Daniel Noseda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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8
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Jin X, Gong S, Yang B, Wu J, Li T, Wu H, Wu H, Xiang W. Transcriptomic analysis for phosphorus limitation-induced β-glucans accumulation in Chlorella sorokiniana SCSIO 46784 during the early phase of growth. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Isolation, structures and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chlorella: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2199-2209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Kobayashi K, Nakajima M, Aramasa H, Kimura S, Iwata T, Nakai H, Taguchi H. Large-scale preparation of β-1,2-glucan using quite a small amount of sophorose. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1867-1874. [PMID: 31189457 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1630257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A large amount of β-1,2-glucan was produced enzymatically from quite a small amount of sophorose as an acceptor material through three synthesis steps using a sucrose phosphorylase and a 1,2-β-oligoglucan phosphorylase. The first synthesis step was performed in a 200 μL of a reaction solution containing 5 mM sophorose and 1.0 M sucrose. β-1,2-Glucan in a part of the resultant solution was hydrolyzed to β-1,2-glucooligosaccharides by a β-1,2-glucanase. The second synthesis was performed in 25 times the volume for the first synthesis. The hydrolysate solution (1% volume of the reaction solution) was used as an acceptor. After treatment with the β-1,2-glucanase again, the third synthesis was performed 200 times the volume for the second synthesis (1 L). The reaction yield of β-1,2-glucan at each synthesis was 93%, 76% and 91%. Finally, more than 140 g of β-1,2-glucan was synthesized using approximately 20 μg of sophorose as the starting acceptor material. Abbreviations: DPs: degrees of polymerization; SOGP: 1,2-β-oligoglucan phosphorylase; Sopns: β-1,2-glucooligosaccharides with DP of n; Glc1P: α-glucose 1-phosphate; SucP: sucrose phosphorylase from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum; SGL: β-1,2-glucanase; CaSGL: Chy400_4174 protein; TLC: thin layer chromatography; GOPOD: glucose oxidase/peroxidase; PGM: phosphoglucomutase; G6PDH: glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , Chiba , Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , Chiba , Japan
| | - Hiroki Aramasa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University , Niigata , Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University , Niigata , Japan
| | - Hayao Taguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , Chiba , Japan
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Tanaka N, Nakajima M, Narukawa-Nara M, Matsunaga H, Kamisuki S, Aramasa H, Takahashi Y, Sugimoto N, Abe K, Terada T, Miyanaga A, Yamashita T, Sugawara F, Kamakura T, Komba S, Nakai H, Taguchi H. Identification, characterization, and structural analyses of a fungal endo-β-1,2-glucanase reveal a new glycoside hydrolase family. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7942-7965. [PMID: 30926603 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
endo-β-1,2-Glucanase (SGL) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes β-1,2-glucans, which play important physiological roles in some bacteria as a cyclic form. To date, no eukaryotic SGL has been identified. We purified an SGL from Talaromyces funiculosus (TfSGL), a soil fungus, to homogeneity and then cloned the complementary DNA encoding the enzyme. TfSGL shows no significant sequence similarity to any known glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, but shows significant similarity to certain eukaryotic proteins with unknown functions. The recombinant TfSGL (TfSGLr) specifically hydrolyzed linear and cyclic β-1,2-glucans to sophorose (Glc-β-1,2-Glc) as a main product. TfSGLr hydrolyzed reducing-end-modified β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharides to release a sophoroside with the modified moiety. These results indicate that TfSGL is an endo-type enzyme that preferably releases sophorose from the reducing end of substrates. Stereochemical analysis demonstrated that TfSGL is an inverting enzyme. The overall structure of TfSGLr includes an (α/α)6 toroid fold. The substrate-binding mode was revealed by the structure of a Michaelis complex of an inactive TfSGLr mutant with a β-1,2-glucoheptasaccharide. Mutational analysis and action pattern analysis of β-1,2-gluco-oligosaccharide derivatives revealed an unprecedented catalytic mechanism for substrate hydrolysis. Glu-262 (general acid) indirectly protonates the anomeric oxygen at subsite -1 via the 3-hydroxy group of the Glc moiety at subsite +2, and Asp-446 (general base) activates the nucleophilic water via another water. TfSGLr is apparently different from a GH144 SGL in the reaction and substrate recognition mechanism based on structural comparison. Overall, we propose that TfSGL and closely-related enzymes can be classified into a new family, GH162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobukiyo Tanaka
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Masahiro Nakajima
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510,
| | - Megumi Narukawa-Nara
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Hiroki Matsunaga
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Shinji Kamisuki
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510.,the School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201
| | - Hiroki Aramasa
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Naohisa Sugimoto
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Koichi Abe
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510.,the Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657
| | - Tohru Terada
- the Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657
| | - Akimasa Miyanaga
- the Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551
| | | | - Fumio Sugawara
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Takashi Kamakura
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
| | - Shiro Komba
- the Food Component Analysis Unit, Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakai
- the Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181
| | - Hayao Taguchi
- From the Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510
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Kobayashi K, Aramasa H, Nakai H, Nakajima M, Taguchi H. Colorimetric determination of β-1,2-glucooligosaccharides for an enzymatic assay using 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinonehydrazone. Anal Biochem 2018; 560:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Batista AP, Niccolai A, Fradinho P, Fragoso S, Bursic I, Rodolfi L, Biondi N, Tredici MR, Sousa I, Raymundo A. Microalgae biomass as an alternative ingredient in cookies: Sensory, physical and chemical properties, antioxidant activity and in vitro digestibility. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Effects of Chlorella vulgaris on tumor growth in mammary tumor-bearing Balb/c mice: discussing association of an immune-suppressed protumor microenvironment with serum IFNγ and IgG decrease and spleen IgG potentiation. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1025-1044. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Qi J, Kim SM. Characterization and immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides extracted from green alga Chlorella ellipsoidea. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:106-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sun J, Zhao J, Fu D, Gu S, Wang D. Extraction, Optimization and Antimicrobial Activity of IWSP from Oleaginous Microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. YB-204. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.23.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology
| | - Dandan Fu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology
| | - Shaobin Gu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology
| | - Dahong Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology
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Tabarsa M, Shin IS, Lee JH, Surayot U, Park W, You S. An immune-enhancing water-soluble α-glucan from Chlorella vulgaris and structural characteristics. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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18
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Han XQ, Li WJ, Ko CH, Gao XM, Han CX, Tu PF. Structure characterization and immunocompetence of a glucan from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:1204-1209. [PMID: 23879746 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.810212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A protein-bound polysaccharide fraction (JBP-1) was obtained from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. Its chemical composition was studied by the cooperative usage of multiple chemical and spectral methods and characterized to be a fraction with a molecular weight of 4.8 × 10(5) Da and only composed of glucose. Methylation analysis revealed that the sugar residues in JBP-1 are existing as t-, 1,6-, and 1,3,6-linked Glcp sugar residues. The immunocompetence of the fraction was evaluated with the proliferation assay of mouse splenocytes, and the result revealed that JBP-1 could significantly stimulate the proliferation of mouse splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner, with p < 0.001 at the concentration of 100 μg/ml and 30 μg/ml, p < 0.05 at 10 μg/ml. These results give us a primary scientific evidence to further explore the pharmaceutical function of this mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiang Han
- a State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing 100191 China
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Cordeiro LMC, Reinhardt VDF, Iacomini M. Glucomannan and branched (1→3)(1→6) β-glucan from the aposymbiotically grown Physcia kalbii mycobiont. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 84:88-93. [PMID: 22981001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cultures of the mycobiont Physcia kalbii were obtained from germinated ascospores and cultivated on Sabouraud-Sucrose-agar medium. Alkaline extraction of freeze-dried mycelia provided a branched (1→3),(1→6)-β-glucan and a glucomannan, whose chemical structure was determined by monosaccharide composition, methylation, controlled Smith degradation and NMR spectroscopic analysis. The β-glucan had a (1→3)-linked β-glucopyranosyl backbone, partially substituted (approx. 50% of the units) at O-6. The side chains were formed by 6-O- (∼82%) and 2,6-O-linked-β-Glcp units, while the non-reducing ends were formed by β-glucopyranosyl residues. The glucomannan had (1→6)-linked α-Manp units in the main chain, almost all being substituted at O-2 by α-Manp and α-Glcp units. This glucomannan could be a typical polysaccharide of lichens from the family Physciaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucimara M C Cordeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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(1 → 2) and (1 → 6)-linked β-d-galactofuranan of microalga Myrmecia biatorellae, symbiotic partner of Lobaria linita. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1779-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Han XQ, Chan BCL, Yu H, Yang YH, Hu SQ, Ko CH, Dong CX, Wong CK, Shaw PC, Fung KP, Leung PC, Hsiao WL, Tu PF, Han QB. Structural characterization and immuno-modulating activities of a polysaccharide from Ganoderma sinense. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:597-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Venkatachalam G, Gummadi S, Doble M. Analytical Tools for the Characterization of Cyclic β-Glucan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-32995-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Sui Z, Gizaw Y, BeMiller JN. Extraction of polysaccharides from a species of Chlorella. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Health-promoting potential of edible macromycetes under special consideration of polysaccharides: a review. Eur Food Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-011-1656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mišurcová L, Škrovánková S, Samek D, Ambrožová J, Machů L. Health benefits of algal polysaccharides in human nutrition. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2012; 66:75-145. [PMID: 22909979 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394597-6.00003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The interest in functional food, both freshwater and marine algal products with their possible promotional health effects, increases also in regions where algae are considered as rather exotic food. Increased attention about algae as an abundant source of many nutrients and dietary fiber from the nutrition point of view, as well as from the scientific approaches to explore new nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, is based on the presence of many bioactive compounds including polysaccharides extracted from algal matter. Diverse chemical composition of dietary fiber polysaccharides is responsible for their different physicochemical properties, such as their ability to be fermented by the human colonic microbiota resulted in health benefit effects. Fundamental seaweed polysaccharides are presented by alginates, agars, carrageenans, ulvanes, and fucoidans, which are widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industry and also in other branches of industry. Moreover, freshwater algae and seaweed polysaccharides have emerged as an important source of bioactive natural compounds which are responsible for their possible physiological effects. Especially, sulfate polysaccharides exhibit immunomodulatory, antitumor, antithrombotic, anticoagulant, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities including anti-HIV infection, herpes, and hepatitis viruses. Generally, biological activity of sulfate polysaccharides is related to their different composition and mainly to the extent of the sulfation of their molecules. Significant attention has been recently focused on the use of both freshwater algae and seaweed for developing functional food by reason of a great variety of nutrients that are essential for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislava Mišurcová
- Department of Food Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czech Republic.
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Varfolomeev SD, Wasserman LA. Microalgae as source of biofuel, food, fodder, and medicines. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683811090079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ruiz-Matute AI, Hernández-Hernández O, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Derivatization of carbohydrates for GC and GC-MS analyses. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:1226-40. [PMID: 21186143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
GC and GC-MS are excellent techniques for the analysis of carbohydrates; nevertheless the preparation of adequate derivatives is necessary. The different functional groups that can be found and the diversity of samples require specific methods. This review aims to collect the most important methodologies currently used, either published as new procedures or as new applications, for the analysis of carbohydrates. A high diversity of compounds with diverse functionalities has been selected: neutral carbohydrates (saccharides and polyalcohols), sugar acids, amino and iminosugars, polysaccharides, glycosides, glycoconjugates, anhydrosugars, difructose anhydrides and products resulting of Maillard reaction (osuloses, Amadori compounds). Chiral analysis has also been considered, describing the use of diastereomers and derivatives to be eluted on chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Ruiz-Matute
- Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales-CIAL (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Isolation of phosphorylated polysaccharides from algae: the immunostimulatory principle of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1190-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Gouveia L, Marques AE, Sousa JM, Moura P, Bandarra NM. Microalgae – source of natural bioactive molecules as functional ingredients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1616/1476-2137.15884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Blunt JW, Copp BR, Munro MHG, Northcote PT, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:165-237. [DOI: 10.1039/b906091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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