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Tsvetkov YE, Yudina ON, Nifantiev NE. 3-Amino-3-deoxy- and 4-amino-4-deoxyhexoses in the synthesis of natural carbohydrate compounds and their analogues. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Di Pietro S, Bordoni V, Mezzetta A, Chiappe C, Signore G, Guazzelli L, Di Bussolo V. Remarkable Effect of [Li(G4)]TFSI Solvate Ionic Liquid (SIL) on the Regio- and Stereoselective Ring Opening of α-Gluco Carbasugar 1,2-Epoxides. Molecules 2019; 24:E2946. [PMID: 31416186 PMCID: PMC6720504 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carba analogues of biologically relevant natural carbohydrates are promising structures for the development of future drugs endowed with enhanced hydrolytic stability. An open synthetic challenge in this field is the optimization of new methodologies for the stereo- and regioselective opening of α-gluco carbasugar 1,2-epoxides that allow for the preparation of pseudo mono- and disaccharides of great interest. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Lewis acids and solvate ionic liquids (SILs) on the epoxide ring opening of a model substrate. Of particular interest was the complete stereo- and regioselectivity, albeit limited to simple nucleophiles, toward the desired C(1) isomer that was observed using LiClO4. The results obtained with SILs were also remarkable. In particular, Li[NTf2]/tetraglyme ([Li(G4)]TFSI) was able to function as a Lewis acid and to direct the attack of the nucleophile preferentially at the pseudo anomeric position, even with a more complex and synthetically interesting nucleophile. The regioselectivity observed for LiClO4 and [Li(G4)]TFSI was tentatively ascribed to the formation of a bidentate chelating system, which changed the conformational equilibrium and ultimately permitted a trans-diaxial attack on C(1). To the best of our knowledge, we report here the first case in which SILs were successfully employed in a ring-opening process of epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vittorio Bordoni
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Present address: Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlen- berg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Chiappe
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, via F. Giovannini 13, San Giuliano Terme (PI), 56017 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Valeria Di Bussolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 3, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Tateda N, Ajisaka K, Ishiguro M, Miyazaki T. Synthesis of 5a,5a'-dicarba-d-glucobioses from conformationally restricted carbaglucosyl triflates using S N2-type inversion with carbaglucosyl nucleophiles. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2345-2367. [PMID: 30606671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel carbohydrate mimics were designed which contain two 5a-carba-d-glucose residues, one each at reducing and nonreducing end, and thus these mimics are 5a,5a'-dicarba-d-glucobioses. Dicarbadisaccharides have attractive features such as stability against endogenous degradative enzymes and being resistant to glycation reactions such as the Maillard reaction. For the synthesis of dicarba-β-d-isomaltose derivatives, the carbaglucosyl triflate locked in 4C1 conformation was synthesized by protecting with butane-2,3-diacetal group or benzylidene group. Then, 5a,5a'-dicarba-β-d-maltose and 5a,5a'-dicarba-α,β-d-trehalose were synthesized by the SN2-type inversion reaction using 4,6-O-benzylidene carbaglucosyl triflate with 4-OH and 1-OH carba-β-d-glucose derivatives, respectively, and similarly 5a,5a'-dicarba-α-d-isomaltose with 6-OH carba-α-d-glucose derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tateda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ajisaka
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Masaji Ishiguro
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Miyazaki
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Akiha-ku, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
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Dohle W, Su X, Mills SJ, Rossi A, Taylor CW, Potter BVL. A synthetic cyclitol-nucleoside conjugate polyphosphate is a highly potent second messenger mimic. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5382-5390. [PMID: 31171961 PMCID: PMC6540904 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactions that form sec-sec ethers are well known, but few lead to compounds with dense functionality around the O-linkage. Replacement of the α-glucopyranosyl unit of adenophostin A, a potent d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3R) agonist, with a d-chiro-inositol surrogate acting substantially as a pseudosugar, leads to "d-chiro-inositol adenophostin". At its core, this cyclitol-nucleoside trisphosphate comprises a nucleoside sugar linked via an axial d-chiro-inositol 1-hydroxyl-adenosine 3'-ribose ether linkage. A divergent synthesis of d-chiro-inositol adenophostin has been achieved. Key features of the synthetic strategy to produce a triol for phosphorylation include a new selective mono-tosylation of racemic 1,2:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-myo-inositol using tosyl imidazole; subsequent conversion of the product into separable camphanate ester derivatives, one leading to a chiral myo-inositol triflate used as a synthetic building block and the other to l-5-O-methyl-myo-inositol [l-(+)-bornesitol] to assign the absolute configuration; the nucleophilic coupling of an alkoxide of a ribose pent-4-ene orthoester unit with a structurally rigid chiral myo-inositol triflate derivative, representing the first sec-sec ether formation between a cyclitol and ribose. Reaction of the coupled product with a silylated nucleobase completes the assembly of the core structure. Further protecting group manipulation, mixed O- and N-phosphorylation, and subsequent removal of all protecting groups in a single step achieves the final product, avoiding a separate N6 protection/deprotection strategy. d-chiro-Inositol adenophostin evoked Ca2+ release through IP3Rs at lower concentrations than adenophostin A, hitherto the most potent known agonist of IP3Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Dohle
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery
, Department of Pharmacology
, University of Oxford
,
Mansfield Road
, Oxford
, OX1 3QT
, UK
.
; Tel: +44-1865-271945
| | - Xiangdong Su
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery
, Department of Pharmacology
, University of Oxford
,
Mansfield Road
, Oxford
, OX1 3QT
, UK
.
; Tel: +44-1865-271945
| | - Stephen J. Mills
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery
, Department of Pharmacology
, University of Oxford
,
Mansfield Road
, Oxford
, OX1 3QT
, UK
.
; Tel: +44-1865-271945
| | - Ana M. Rossi
- Department of Pharmacology
, University of Cambridge
,
Tennis Court Road
, Cambridge
, CB2 1PD
, UK
| | - Colin W. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology
, University of Cambridge
,
Tennis Court Road
, Cambridge
, CB2 1PD
, UK
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Discovery
, Department of Pharmacology
, University of Oxford
,
Mansfield Road
, Oxford
, OX1 3QT
, UK
.
; Tel: +44-1865-271945
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Synthesis and α-Glucosidase II inhibitory activity of valienamine pseudodisaccharides relevant to N-glycan biosynthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5219-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cumpstey I, Frigell J, Pershagen E, Akhtar T, Moreno-Clavijo E, Robina I, Alonzi DS, Butters TD. Amine-linked diglycosides: Synthesis facilitated by the enhanced reactivity of allylic electrophiles, and glycosidase inhibition assays. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1115-23. [PMID: 21915215 PMCID: PMC3169339 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diglycose derivatives, consisting of two monosaccharides linked at non-anomeric positions by a bridging nitrogen atom, have been synthesised. Conversion of one of the precursor monosaccharide coupling components into an unsaturated derivative enhances its electrophilicity at the allylic position, facilitating coupling reactions. Mitsunobu coupling between nosylamides and 2,3-unsaturated-4-alcohols gave the 4-amino-pseudodisaccharides with inversion of configuration as single regio- and diastereoisomers. A palladium-catalysed coupling between an amine and a 2,3-unsaturated 4-trichloroacetimidate gave a 2-amino-pseudodisaccharide as the major product, along with other minor products. Derivatisation of the C=C double bond in pseudodisaccharides allowed the formation of Man(N4–6)Glc and Man(N4–6)Man diglycosides. The amine-linked diglycosides were found to show weak glycosidase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cumpstey
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Frigell J, Eriksson L, Cumpstey I. Carbasugar analogues of galactofuranosides: β-O-linked derivatives and towards β-S-linked derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1277-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Di Bussolo V, Frau I, Checchia L, Favero L, Pineschi M, Uccello-Barretta G, Balzano F, Roselli G, Renzi G, Crotti P. Synthesis of carba analogs of 6-O-(benzyl)-d-allal- and -d-galactal-derived allyl epoxides and evaluation of the regio- and stereoselective behavior in nucleophilic addition reactions. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ramstadius C, Boklund M, Cumpstey I. Conversion of fructose into a building block for the synthesis of carbocyclic mannose mimics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Carbasugar Analogues of Galactofuranosides: Pseudodisaccharide Mimics of Fragments of Mycobacterial Arabinogalactan. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Smellie IA, Moggach SA, Paton RM. Synthesis of novel amidoxime-linked pseudodisaccharides. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Frigell J, Cumpstey I. Carbasugar analogues of galactofuranosides: α-O-linked derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:1127-31. [PMID: 21160556 PMCID: PMC3001987 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Using an indirect method, we have synthesised α-linked carbasugar analogues of galactofuranosides for the first time. Ring opening of a β-talo configured carbasugar 1,2-epoxide by alcohol nucleophiles under Lewis acidic conditions proceeded with very good regioselectivity to give α-talo configured C1-substituted ethers with a free OH-group at the C2 position. Inversion of configuration at C2 by an oxidation-reduction sequence gave the α-galacto configured carbahexofuranose C1 ethers. A carbadisaccharide corresponding to the Galf(α1→3)Manp substructure from Apodus deciduus galactomannan was synthesised to exemplify the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Frigell
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
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Afarinkia K, Abdullahi MH, Scowen IJ. A Synthesis of Carbasugar−Sugar Pseudodisaccharides via a Cycloaddition−Cycloreversion Reaction of 2H-Pyran-2-ones. Org Lett 2010; 12:5564-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102358s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Afarinkia
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics and Analytical Center, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Haji Abdullahi
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics and Analytical Center, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Scowen
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics and Analytical Center, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
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Cumpstey I. Short synthesis of a benzyl ether-protected building block for the synthesis of carbocyclic galactopyranose mimics. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1056-60. [PMID: 20394917 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A versatile intermediate for the synthesis of galactose-mimicking carbasugars was synthesised from tetrabenzyl galactose in five steps and 30% overall yield. The reaction sequence uses an L-proline-mediated aldol reaction as key step. The reaction sequence was run on several grams of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cumpstey
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Carbohydrate mimetics and scaffolds: sweet spots in medicinal chemistry. Future Med Chem 2010; 2:587-99. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.10.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several glycoprocessing enzymes and glycoreceptors have been recognized as important targets for therapeutic intervention. This concept has inspired the development of important classes of therapeutics, such as anti-influenza drugs inhibiting influenza virus neuraminidase, anti-inflammatory drugs targeting lectin-sialyl-Lewis X interaction and glycosidase inhibitors against HIV, Gaucher’s disease, hepatitis and cancer. These therapeutics are mainly carbohydrate mimics in which proper modifications permit stronger interactions with the target protein, higher stability, better pharmacokinetic properties and easier synthesis. Furthermore, the conformational rigidity and polyfunctionality of carbohydrates stimulate their use as scaffolds for the generation of libraries by combinatorial decoration with different pharmacophores. This mini-review will present examples of how to exploit carbohydrates mimics and scaffolds in drug research.
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