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Zhang W, Jiang Z, Chi J, Sun H, Li H, Liu W, Han B. A Novel Porous Butyryl Chitin-Animal Derived Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffold for Cranial Bone Defect Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108519. [PMID: 37239867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects, a common orthopedic problem in clinical practice, are a serious threat to human health. As alternative materials to autologous bone grafts, synthetic cell-free functionalized scaffolds have been the focus of recent research in designing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Butyryl chitin (BC) is a derivative of chitin (CT) with improved solubility. It has good biocompatibility, but few studies have investigated its use in bone repair. In this study, BC was successfully synthesized with a degree of substitution of 2.1. BC films were prepared using the cast film method and showed strong tensile strength (47.8 ± 4.54 N) and hydrophobicity (86.4 ± 2.46°), which was favorable for mineral deposition. An in vitro cytological assay confirmed the excellent cell attachment and cytocompatibility of the BC film; meanwhile, in vivo degradation indicated the good biocompatibility of BC. Hydroxyapatite (HA), extracted from bovine cancellous bone, had good cytocompatibility and osteogenic induction activity for the mouse osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1. With the aim of combining the advantages of BC and HA, a BC-HA composite scaffold, with a good pore structure and mechanical strength, was prepared by physical mixing. Administered into skull defects of rats, the scaffolds showed perfect bone-binding performance and effective structural support, and significantly promoted the regeneration of new bone. These results prove that the BC-HA porous scaffold is a successful bone tissue engineering scaffold and has strong potential to be further developed as a substitute for bone transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jinhua Chi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Huanchao Sun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongjian Li
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wanshun Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Baoqin Han
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
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Rameshthangam P, Solairaj D, Arunachalam G, Ramasamy P. Chitin and Chitinases: Biomedical And Environmental Applications of Chitin and its Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.14302/issn.2690-4829.jen-18-2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Disposal of chitin wastes from crustacean shell can cause environmental and health hazards. Chitin is a well known abundant natural polymer extracted after deproteinization and demineralization of the shell wastes of shrimp, crab, lobster, and krill. Extraction of chitin and its derivatives from waste material is one of the alternative ways to turn the waste into useful products. Chitinases are enzymes that degrade chitin. Chitinases contribute to the generation of carbon and nitrogen in the ecosystem. Chitin and chitinolytic enzymes are gaining importance for their biotechnological applications. The presence of surface charge and multiple functional groups make chitin as a beneficial natural polymer. Due to the reactive functional groups chitin can be used for the preparation of a spectrum of chitin derivatives such as chitosan, alkyl chitin, sulfated chitin, dibutyryl chitin and carboxymethyl chitin for specific applications in different areas. The present review is aimed to summarize the efficacy of the chitinases on the chitin and its derivatives and their diverse applications in biomedical and environmental field. Further this review also discusses the synthesis of various chitin derivatives in detail and brings out the importance of chitin and its derivatives in biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhanasekaran Solairaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Gnanapragasam Arunachalam
- College of Poultry Productions and Management, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Hosur - 635 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniappan Ramasamy
- Director- Research, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, BIHER- Bharath University, Chennai-600041, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sujka W, Draczynski Z, Kolesinska B, Latanska I, Jastrzebski Z, Rybak Z, Zywicka B. Influence of Porous Dressings Based on Butyric-Acetic Chitin Co-Polymer on Biological Processes In Vitro and In Vivo. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12060970. [PMID: 30909574 PMCID: PMC6471426 DOI: 10.3390/ma12060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In spite of intensively conducted research allowing for the development of more and more advanced wound dressing materials, there is still a need for dressings that stimulate not only reparative and regenerative processes, but also have a positive effect on infected and/or difficult-to-heal wounds. Porous dressing materials based on butyric-acetic chitin co-polyester containing 90% of butyryl and 10% of acetyl groups (BAC 90/10) can also be included in the group mentioned above. Two types of dressings were obtained by the salt leaching method, i.e. a porous sponge Medisorb R and Medisorb Ag with an antibacterial additive. The aim of the study was to evaluate biological effects of porous Medisorb R and Medisorb Ag dressings under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In an in vitro biodegradation test, no mass loss of Medisorb R dressing was observed within 14 days of incubation in physiological fluids at 37 °C. However, on the basis of the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) tests, surface degradation of Medisorb R dressing was observed. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of the porous Medisorb Ag dressing containing microsilver as an antibacterial additive was confirmed. The in vivo studies included inflammatory activity, skin irritation and sensitisation tests, as well an assessment of local effect after contact with subcutaneous tissue up to 6 months and skin wounds up to 21 days. In the in vivo tests, the dressings exhibited neither effects of skin irritation nor sensitisation. Under macroscopic examination, in full thickness defects of subcutaneous tissue and skin, the dressings caused wound healing with no inflammation, undergoing the most gradual biodegradation between weeks 4 and 8, and the observed differences were statistically significant. In the histological assessment, a weakened, limited inflammatory process associated with degradation of the material has been observed. The process of skin wound healing under Medisorb R dressing in the early period was accelerated compared to that observed in the control group with a gauze dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Sujka
- Tricomed S.A., Lodz, Świetojańska Street 5/9, 93-493 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Draczynski
- Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego Street 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beata Kolesinska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ilona Latanska
- Tricomed S.A., Lodz, Świetojańska Street 5/9, 93-493 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zenon Jastrzebski
- National Medicines Institute, Chełmska Street 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Rybak
- Department of Experimental Surgery and Biomaterial Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida Street 44, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Boguslawa Zywicka
- Department of Experimental Surgery and Biomaterial Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Bujwida Street 44, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Draczynski Z, Bogun M, Sujka W, Kolesinska B. An industrial-scale synthesis of biodegradable soluble in organic solvents butyric-acetic chitin co
polyesters. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Draczynski
- Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology; Lodz University of Technology; Lodz Poland
| | - Maciej Bogun
- Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology; Lodz University of Technology; Lodz Poland
| | | | - Beata Kolesinska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Lodz University of Technology; Lodz Poland
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Preparation Method of Porous Dressing Materials Based on Butyric-Acetic Chitin Co-Polyesters. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11122359. [PMID: 30477125 PMCID: PMC6317001 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A method for obtaining highly porous materials in the form of film, based on the butyric-acetic chitin co-polyesters, containing 90% of butyryl and 10% of acetyl groups, was developed. The highly porous films, with thickness up to 0.11 mm, were obtained by two methods: (a) pouring 5% BAC 90/10 solution in ethanol on the layer of solid salts (porophor agent) which after solidification was eluted with water; (b) application of the suspension of porophor agent in BAC 90/10 solution in the solvent mixture with density similar to bulk porophor agent. In the final stage, the materials were obtained with porosity up to 95⁻99% and tensile strength 5 cN, which can be used as an active layer of medical dressings. The optimised procedure was used in the production of porous medical dressings (Medisorb) on an industrial scale. In the industrial method, NaCl was used as a porophor agent in the solid form and as a 3% solution in polymer. The final materials were characterised by porosity and other functional parameters at the level recommended for medical dressings. Medisorb series materials do not show in vitro cytotoxic activity.
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Lipophilization of chitin as novel polymeric stabilizer for improved oil-in-water emulsions. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Skołucka-Szary K, Ramięga A, Piaskowska W, Janicki B, Grala M, Rieske P, Bartczak Z, Piaskowski S. Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of chitin dihexanoate — A new biocompatible chitin derivative — In comparison to chitin dibutyrate. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 60:489-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Skołucka-Szary K, Ramięga A, Piaskowska W, Janicki B, Grala M, Rieske P, Stoczyńska-Fidelus E, Piaskowski S. Chitin dipentanoate as the new technologically usable biomaterial. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 55:50-60. [PMID: 26117738 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the synthesis of novel biopolymer, chitin dipentanoate (Di-O-Valeryl Chitin, DVCH) has been described. DVCH is a chitin derivative esterified with two valeryl groups at positions 3 and 6 of the N-acetylglucosamine units and it is soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, N,N-dimethylmethanamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and ethyl acetate. Highly efficient synthesis (degree of esterification close to 2) of DVCH was achieved by employing a huge excess of valeric anhydride used as both the acylation agent and the reaction medium in the presence of perchloric acid as catalyst. Studies on the DVCH synthesis were aimed at finding optimal conditions (temperature, reaction time) to obtain DVCH with high reaction yield and desirable physicochemical properties. Biological data demonstrate that DVCH is non-cytotoxic in vitro and doesn't exert irritating or allergic effects to animal skin. Thanks to its filmogenic properties, it can be used to manufacture threads, foils, foams and non-woven materials. Moreover, DVCH can be easily processed by salt-leaching method to prepare highly porous structures exhibiting open-cell architecture, that can be further employed in wound dressing therapies and scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Skołucka-Szary
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Ramięga
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland
| | - Wanda Piaskowska
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland
| | - Bartosz Janicki
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, ul. M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Grala
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Rieske
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland
| | - Ewelina Stoczyńska-Fidelus
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland
| | - Sylwester Piaskowski
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Poland Sp. z o.o., ul. Ostrzykowizna 14A, 05-170 Zakroczym, Poland
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Huang Y, He M, Lu A, Zhou W, Stoyanov SD, Pelan EG, Zhang L. Hydrophobic modification of chitin whisker and its potential application in structuring oil. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:1641-1648. [PMID: 25578624 DOI: 10.1021/la504576p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach was developed to modify chitin whiskers by reacting them with bromohexadecane, and the potential application of modified whiskers in structuring oil was evaluated. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), elemental analysis, solid (13)C NMR, and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) confirmed that the long alkyl chains were successfully introduced to the chitin whiskers and endowed them with improved hydrophobicity and thermal transition. By hot pressing the modified whiskers, the highly hydrophobic whisker sheets were constructed, showing high contact angles close to 150°. The hydrophobic interaction between the long alkyl chains and chitin backbone induced the crystal alignment with micro-nano structure, leading to the surface roughness and high hydrophobicity of the sheets. Furthermore, the modified whiskers could form a stable dispersion in sunflower oil, displaying a remarkable thickening effect. The viscosity of the oily suspension exhibited temperature dependence and shear-thinning behavior, suggesting great potentials to fabricate oleogel without adding any saturated fat. Furthermore, the intrinsic biocompatibility of α-chitin structure benefits its application in foodstuff, cosmetics, and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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Inhibitory effect of dibutyryl chitin ester on nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:1287-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-0720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jang SI, Mok JY, Jeon IH, Park KH, Nguyen TTT, Park JS, Hwang HM, Song MS, Lee D, Chai KY. Effect of electrospun non-woven mats of dibutyryl chitin/poly(lactic acid) blends on wound healing in hairless mice. Molecules 2012; 17:2992-3007. [PMID: 22406903 PMCID: PMC6268908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17032992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the proliferative ability of dibutyryl chitin (DBC) on scratch wounds in HaCaT keratinocytes and to evaluate the effect of nanoporous non-woven mat (DBCNFM) on skin wound healing in hairless mice using the advantages of DBCNFM, such as high porosity and high surface area to volume. The cell spreading activity of DBC was verified through a cell spreading assay in scratched human HaCaT keratinocytes. Scratch wound experiments showed that DBC notably accelerates the spreading rate of HaCaT keratinocytes in a dose dependent manner. The molecular aspects of the healing process were also investigated by hematoxylin & eosin staining of the healed skin, displaying the degrees of reepithelialization and immunostaining on extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling of the skin. Topical application of DBCNFM significantly reduced skin wound rank scores and increased the skin remodeling of the wounded hairless mice in a dose dependent way. Furthermore, DBCNFM notably increased the expression of the type 1 collagen and filaggrin. These results demonstrate that DBC efficiently accelerates the proliferation of HaCaT keratinocytes and DBCNFM notably increases extracellular matrix synthesis on remodeling of the skin, and these materials are a good candidate for further evaluation as an effective wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Il Jang
- School of Alternative Medicine and Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea; (S.I.J.); (J.Y.M.); (I.H.J.)
| | - Ji Ye Mok
- School of Alternative Medicine and Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea; (S.I.J.); (J.Y.M.); (I.H.J.)
| | - In Hwa Jeon
- School of Alternative Medicine and Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea; (S.I.J.); (J.Y.M.); (I.H.J.)
| | - Kwang-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-756, Korea;
| | - Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen
- Center of Chemical Technology, Division of Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, 167 Chungang-ro, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-749, Korea; (T.T.T.N.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Jun Seo Park
- Center of Chemical Technology, Division of Chemical Engineering, Hankyong National University, 167 Chungang-ro, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 456-749, Korea; (T.T.T.N.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Hee Min Hwang
- Division of Bio Nano Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (H.M.H.); (M.-S.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Mi-Sun Song
- Division of Bio Nano Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (H.M.H.); (M.-S.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Duckhee Lee
- Division of Bio Nano Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (H.M.H.); (M.-S.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Kyu Yun Chai
- Division of Bio Nano Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (H.M.H.); (M.-S.S.); (D.L.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6230; Fax: +82-63-850-7312
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Lee D, Quan ZS, Lu C, Jeong JA, Song C, Song MS, Chai KY. Preparation and physical properties of chitosan benzoic acid derivatives using a phosphoryl mixed anhydride system. Molecules 2012; 17:2231-9. [PMID: 22357319 PMCID: PMC6268059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17022231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct benzoylation of the two hydroxyl groups on chitosan was achieved using a phosphoryl mixed anhydride system, derived from trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA), benzoic acids (BAs), and phosphoric acid (PA). The reaction is operated as a one pot process under mild conditions that does not require neither an inert atmosphere nor dry solvents. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy. Solubility tests on the products revealed that they were soluble in organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and acetone. In the meantime, a morphological study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evidently indicated that the chitosan benzoates underwent significant structural changes after the benzoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duckhee Lee
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Zhe Shan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China;
| | - Chichong Lu
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Jin Ah Jeong
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Changhyun Song
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Mi-Sun Song
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Kyu Yun Chai
- The Division of Bio-Nanochemistry, The College of Natural Sciences, The Wonkwang University, Iksan City, Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea; (D.L.); (C.L.); (J.A.J.); (C.S.); (M.-S.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6230; Fax: +82-63-841-4893
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Casettari L, Cespi M, Castagnino E. Evaluation of dibutyrylchitin as new excipient for sustained drug release. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:979-84. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.634812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Preparation and characterization of chitin benzoic acid esters. Molecules 2011; 16:3029-36. [PMID: 21478818 PMCID: PMC6260621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16043029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin benzoic acid esters were prepared using a phosphoryl mixed anhydride method. The products were characterized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. FT-IR analysis revealed that the degree of O-acyl substitution of the products was in a range of 1.17-1.83. Morphological surface changes in the parent molecule due to the introduction of benzoic acid moieties were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The surface of the products was porous, in contrast to the sheet-shape of the parent molecules. The solubility of the products, which improved with increased degree of acid substitution, was tested in various organic solvents.
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