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Damico A, Shrestha G, Das A, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. SFox imidates as versatile glycosyl donors for chemical glycosylation. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5214-5223. [PMID: 38867654 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00679h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Described herein is a continuation of our studies dedicated to the development of novel classes of leaving groups based on O- and S-imidates. The main focus of the study presented herein is the synthesis of novel 3,3-difluoro-3H-indol-2-ylthio (SFox) imidates and their application as glycosyl donors in chemical glycosylation. Being thioimidates, these compounds are more stable than O-imidates albeit much more reactive than conventional alkyl/arylthio glycosides. This study demonstrates that SFox imidates can be activated either with soft thiophilic reagents (N-iodosuccinimide or transition metal salts), typical for the activation of thioglycosides or thioimidates, or hard electrophilic reagents (protic or Lewis acids) common for the activation of O-imidates. Expectedly, complete β-selectivity was obtained from SFox donors equipped with 2-O-benzoyl group. Surprisingly, complete α-selectivity was obtained from 2-O-benzylated SFox imidates in all investigated cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Damico
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA.
| | - Ganesh Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| | - Anupama Das
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA.
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St Louis, One University Boulevard, St Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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Forsythe N, Liu L, Kashiwagi GA, Demchenko AV. Activation of thioglycosides under mild alkylation conditions. Carbohydr Res 2023; 531:108872. [PMID: 37348387 PMCID: PMC10528260 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the development of a novel method for the activation of thioglycosides and thioimidates using benzyl trichloroacetimidate in the presence of catalytic triflic acid. Excellent yields have been achieved with reactive substrates, whereas efficiency of reactions with unreactive glycosyl donors and/or acceptors was modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Leah Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Gustavo A Kashiwagi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, Missouri, 63103, USA.
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Escopy S, Demchenko AV. Transition-Metal-Mediated Glycosylation with Thioglycosides. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103747. [PMID: 34935219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thioglycosides are among the most common glycosyl donors that find broad application in the synthesis of glycans and glycoconjugates. However, the requirement for toxic and/or large access of activators needed for common glycosylations with thioglycosides remains a notable drawback. Due to the increased awareness of the chemical waste impact on the environment, synthetic studies have been driven by the goal of finding non-toxic reagents. The main focus of this review is to highlight recent methods for thioglycoside activation that rely on transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Escopy
- University of Missouri - St. Louis, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Saint Louis University, Chemistry, 3501 Laclede Ave, 63103, St. Louis, UNITED STATES
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Kitowski A, Jiménez-Moreno E, Salvadó M, Mestre J, Castillón S, Jiménez-Osés G, Boutureira O, Bernardes GJL. Oxidative Activation of C–S Bonds with an Electropositive Nitrogen Promoter Enables Orthogonal Glycosylation of Alkyl over Phenyl Thioglycosides. Org Lett 2017; 19:5490-5493. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Kitowski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649−028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ester Jiménez-Moreno
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Míriam Salvadó
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Mestre
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Omar Boutureira
- Departament
de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo
1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649−028 Lisboa, Portugal
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Abstract
The development of glycobiology relies on the sources of particular oligosaccharides in their purest forms. As the isolation of the oligosaccharide structures from natural sources is not a reliable option for providing samples with homogeneity, chemical means become pertinent. The growing demand for diverse oligosaccharide structures has prompted the advancement of chemical strategies to stitch sugar molecules with precise stereo- and regioselectivity through the formation of glycosidic bonds. This Review will focus on the key developments towards chemical O-glycosylations in the current century. Synthesis of novel glycosyl donors and acceptors and their unique activation for successful glycosylation are discussed. This Review concludes with a summary of recent developments and comments on future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) KolkataMohanpurNadia741246India
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) KolkataMohanpurNadia741246India
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