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Morris AO, Barriault L. Redox-Neutral Multicatalytic Cerium Photoredox-Enabled Cleavage of O-H Bearing Substrates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400642. [PMID: 38436591 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The need for synthetic methodologies capable of rapidly altering molecular structure are in high demand. Most existing methods to modify scaffolds rely on net exothermicity to drive the desired transformation. We sought to develop a general strategy for the cleavage of C-C bonds β to hydroxyl groups independent of inherent substrate strain. To this end we have applied a multicatalytic cerium photoredox-based system capable of activating O-H bonds in lactols to deliver formate esters. The same system is also capable of effecting hydrodecarboxylation and hydrodecarbonylation reactions. Initial mechanistic probes demonstrate atomic chlorine (Cl⋅) is generated under the reaction conditions, but substrate activation through cerium-alkoxides or -carboxylates cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery O Morris
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Canada, K1 N 6 N5
| | - Louis Barriault
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Canada, K1 N 6 N5
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2
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Chen S, Wei F, Cheng X, Luo Y, Meng F, Zhang Y, Huang W, Lv J, Pan H, Wu Q, Zhao G. Regioselective Deacetylation of Peracetylated Deoxy- C-glycopyranosides by Boron Trichloride (BCl 3). J Org Chem 2024; 89:4802-4817. [PMID: 38477972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A general approach for regioselective deacetylation at sugar 3-OH of peracetylated 6-deoxy-C-glucopyranosides mediated by BCl3 was developed. The approach could be extended to other sugar-derived 6-deoxy-C-glycopyranosides, such as those derived from mannose, galactose, and rhamnose, with deacetylation occurring at varied sugar hydroxyl groups, and further extended to 4-deoxy-C-glucopyranosides with deacetylation occurring at sugar 3-OH. The approach would enable access to synthetically challenging carbohydrate derivatives. A possible mechanism of the regioselectivity was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyuan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Feifei Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Xinqiang Cheng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fancui Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Druggability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300301, China
| | - Yuanwen Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Chinese Medicinal Resource, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenqian Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Pan
- School of Intelligent Medical Technology, Dazhou Vocational and Technical College, Dazhou 635001, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Guilong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang J, Zhang W, Cao W, Liu K, Su S, Ma J, Li X. Selective synthesis of α- and β-glycosides of N-acetyl galactosamine using rare earth metal triflates. Front Chem 2022; 10:1029911. [DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1029911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Structures containing galactose and GalNAc residues are specifically recognized by asialoglycoprotein receptors, allowing them to selectively internalize by hepatocytes for drug-targeting delivery. However, methods for direct synthesis of GalNAc glycosides are still challenging due to the poor participating group of 2-acetamido. Here, we develop a facile strategy to synthesize various GalNAc glycosides by employing a series of rare earth metal triflates, and the results demonstrate that both α-glycosides and β-glycosides of GalNAc can be obtained by conducting with Hf(OTf)4 and Sc(OTf)3, respectively. These applicable results indicate that any interested GalNAc-containing substrates could be prepared by this simple strategy.
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Hf(OTf) 4-Catalyzed Three-Component Synthesis of N-Carbamate-Protected β-Amino Ketones. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031122. [PMID: 35164390 PMCID: PMC8840004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hafnium(IV) triflate (Hf(OTf)4) has been identified as a potent catalyst for the direct three-component synthesis of β-carbamate ketones. This new method, featuring a low catalyst loading, fast reaction rate, and solvent-free conditions, provided facile access to a diversity of carbamate-protected Mannich bases. A mechanistic investigation indicated that the three-component reaction proceeds via sequential aldol condensation and aza-Michael addition, but not the Mannich-type pathway.
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Activated Carbon Supported Hafnium(IV) Chloride as an Efficient, Recyclable, and Facile Removable Catalyst for Expeditious Parallel Synthesis of Benzimidazoles. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10040436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient method for parallel synthesis of a diversity of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles from N-substituted phenylenediamines and aldehydes has been developed by using 10 mol% HfCl4 on activated carbon (HfCl4/C) as the catalyst. The newly reported HfCl4/C catalyst not only mediated fast and clean formation of benzimidazoles but also could be easily removed from the reaction solution and reused up to eight times. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal desorption studies showed that activated carbon could reversibly adsorb and release Hf(IV) in ethanol upon cooling and heating, thereby serving as a thermal-controlled solid support.
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Han SB, Wei JY, Peng XC, Liu R, Gong SS, Sun Q. Hf(OTf) 4 as a Highly Potent Catalyst for the Synthesis of Mannich Bases under Solvent-Free Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:E388. [PMID: 31963465 PMCID: PMC7024362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hf(OTf)4 was identified as a highly potent catalyst (0.1-0.5 mol%) for three-component Mannich reaction under solvent-free conditions. Hf(OTf)4-catalyzed Mannich reaction exhibited excellent regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity when alkyl ketones were employed as substrates. 1H NMR tracing of the H/D exchange reaction of ketones in MeOH-d4 indicated that Hf(OTf)4 could significantly promote the keto-enol tautomerization, thereby contributing to the acceleration of reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shan-Shan Gong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, China
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Verdelet T, Benmahdjoub S, Benmerad B, Alami M, Messaoudi S. Copper-Catalyzed Anomeric O-Arylation of Carbohydrate Derivatives at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9226-9238. [PMID: 31274301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct and practical anomeric O-arylation of sugar lactols with substituted arylboronic acids has been established. Using copper catalysis at room temperature under an air atmosphere, the protocol proved to be general, and a variety of aryl O-glycosides have been prepared in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, this approach was extended successfully to unprotected carbohydrates, including α-mannose, and it was demonstrated here how the interaction between carbohydrates and boronic acids can be combined with copper catalysis to achieve selective anomeric O-arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Verdelet
- BioCIS , Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
| | - Sara Benmahdjoub
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université de Bejaia , 06000 Bejaia , Algeria
| | - Belkacem Benmerad
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université de Bejaia , 06000 Bejaia , Algeria
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS , Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
| | - Samir Messaoudi
- BioCIS , Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay , 92290 Châtenay-Malabry , France
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Kong R, Han SB, Wei JY, Peng XC, Xie ZB, Gong SS, Sun Q. Highly Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-(1 H)-ones (DHPMs) Catalyzed by Hf(OTf)₄: Mechanistic Insights into Reaction Pathways under Metal Lewis Acid Catalysis and Solvent-Free Conditions. Molecules 2019; 24:E364. [PMID: 30669606 PMCID: PMC6359175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In our studies on the catalytic activity of Group IVB transition metal Lewis acids, Hf(OTf)₄ was identified as a highly potent catalyst for "one-pot, three-component" Biginelli reaction. More importantly, it was found that solvent-free conditions, in contrast to solvent-based conditions, could dramatically promote the Hf(OTf)₄-catalyzed formation of 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones. To provide a mechanistic explanation, we closely examined the catalytic effects of Hf(OTf)₄ on all three potential reaction pathways in both "sequential bimolecular condensations" and "one-pot, three-component" manners. The experimental results showed that the synergistic effects of solvent-free conditions and Hf(OTf)₄ catalysis not only drastically accelerate Biginelli reaction by enhancing the imine route and activating the enamine route but also avoid the formation of Knoevenagel adduct, which may lead to an undesired byproduct. In addition, ¹H-MMR tracing of the H-D exchange reaction of methyl acetoacetate in MeOH-d₄ indicated that Hf(IV) cation may significantly accelerate ketone-enol tautomerization and activate the β-ketone moiety, thereby contributing to the overall reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shuai-Bo Han
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jing-Ying Wei
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Chong Peng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhen-Biao Xie
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Gong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
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