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Cerullo AR, McDermott MB, Pepi LE, Liu ZL, Barry D, Zhang S, Yang X, Chen X, Azadi P, Holford M, Braunschweig AB. Comparative mucomic analysis of three functionally distinct Cornu aspersum Secretions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5361. [PMID: 37660066 PMCID: PMC10475054 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Every animal secretes mucus, placing them among the most diverse biological materials. Mucus hydrogels are complex mixtures of water, ions, carbohydrates, and proteins. Uncertainty surrounding their composition and how interactions between components contribute to mucus function complicates efforts to exploit their properties. There is substantial interest in commercializing mucus from the garden snail, Cornu aspersum, for skincare, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and composite materials. C. aspersum secretes three mucus-one shielding the animal from environmental threats, one adhesive mucus from the pedal surface of the foot, and another pedal mucus that is lubricating. It remains a mystery how compositional differences account for their substantially different properties. Here, we characterize mucus proteins, glycosylation, ion content, and mechanical properties that could be used to provide insight into structure-function relationships through an integrative "mucomics" approach. We identify macromolecular components of these hydrogels, including a previously unreported protein class termed Conserved Anterior Mollusk Proteins (CAMPs). Revealing differences between C. aspersum mucus shows how considering structure at all levels can inform the design of mucus-inspired materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R Cerullo
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Maxwell B McDermott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lauren E Pepi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Zhi-Lun Liu
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Diariou Barry
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Xu Yang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The PhD Program in Physics, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Mande Holford
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- The PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 10024, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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An Efficient and Economical N-Glycome Sample Preparation Using Acetone Precipitation. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121285. [PMID: 36557323 PMCID: PMC9786591 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the critical role of the glycome in organisms and its close connections with various diseases, much time and effort have been dedicated to glycomics-related studies in the past decade. To achieve accurate and reliable identification and quantification of glycans extracted from biological samples, several analysis methods have been well-developed. One commonly used methodology for the sample preparation of N-glycomics usually involves enzymatic cleavage by PNGase F, followed by sample purification using C18 cartridges to remove proteins. PNGase F and C18 cartridges are very efficient both for cleaving N-glycans and for protein removal. However, this method is most suitable for a limited quantity of samples. In this study, we developed a sample preparation method focusing on N-glycome extraction and purification from large-scale biological samples using acetone precipitation. The N-glycan yield was first tested on standard glycoprotein samples, bovine fetuin and complex biological samples, and human serum. Compared to C18 cartridges, most of the sialylated N-glycans from human serum were detected with higher abundance after acetone precipitation. However, C18 showed a slightly higher efficiency for protein removal. Using the unfiltered human serum as the baseline, around 97.7% of the proteins were removed by acetone precipitation, while more than 99.9% of the proteins were removed by C18 cartridges. Lastly, the acetone precipitation was applied to N-glycome extraction from egg yolks to demonstrate large-scale glycomics sample preparation.
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Bui DT, Kitova EN, Mahal LK, Klassen JS. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun glycomics for discovery of natural ligands of glycan-binding proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 77:102448. [PMID: 36088799 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The non-covalent associations of complex carbohydrates (glycans) with glycan-binding proteins mediate many important physiological and pathophysiological processes. Identifying these interactions is essential to understanding their diverse biological functions and enables the development of new disease treatments and diagnostics. Knowledge of the repertoire of glycans recognized by most glycan-binding proteins and their affinities is incomplete. Mass spectrometry-based screening of natural glycan libraries has emerged as a promising approach to defining the glycan interactome of glycan-binding proteins. Here, we review recent advances in mass spectrometry-based natural library screening that have led to the discovery of glycan ligands of endogenous and exogenous proteins and illuminated their binding specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong T Bui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada. https://twitter.com/@Duong_T_Bui
| | - Elena N Kitova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lara K Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - John S Klassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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5
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Melo Diaz JM, Moran AB, Peel SR, Hendel JL, Spencer DIR. Egg yolk sialylglycopeptide: purification, isolation and characterization of N-glycans from minor glycopeptide species. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4905-4914. [PMID: 35593095 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00615d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sialylglycopeptide (SGP) is a readily available naturally occurring glycopeptide obtained from hen egg yolk which is now commercially available. During SGP extraction, other minor glycopeptide species are identified, bearing N-glycan structures that might be of interest, such as asymmetrically branched and triantennary glycans. As the scale of SGP production increases, recovery of minor glycopeptides and their N-glycans can become more feasible. In this paper, we aim to provide structural characterization of the N-glycans derived from these minor glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mauricio Melo Diaz
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, Abingdon, UK. .,Department of Chemistry Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan B Moran
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, Abingdon, UK. .,Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Simon R Peel
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, Abingdon, UK.
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A rapid 2AB-UHPLC method based on magnetic beads extraction for N-glycan analysis of recombinant monoclonal antibody. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1192:123139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Heo HR, Joo KI, Seo JH, Kim CS, Cha HJ. Glycan chip based on structure-switchable DNA linker for on-chip biosynthesis of cancer-associated complex glycans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1395. [PMID: 33654088 PMCID: PMC7925590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
On-chip glycan biosynthesis is an effective strategy for preparing useful complex glycan sources and for preparing glycan-involved applications simultaneously. However, current methods have some limitations when analyzing biosynthesized glycans and optimizing enzymatic reactions, which could result in undefined glycan structures on a surface, leading to unequal and unreliable results. In this work, a glycan chip is developed by introducing a pH-responsive i-motif DNA linker to control the immobilization and isolation of glycans on chip surfaces in a pH-dependent manner. On-chip enzymatic glycosylations are optimized for uniform biosynthesis of cancer-associated Globo H hexasaccharide and its related complex glycans through stepwise quantitative analyses of isolated products from the surface. Successful interaction analyses of the anti-Globo H antibody and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with on-chip biosynthesized Globo H-related glycans demonstrate the feasibility of the structure-switchable DNA linker-based glycan chip platform for on-chip complex glycan biosynthesis and glycan-involved applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryoung Heo
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Il Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Seo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sup Kim
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Joon Cha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
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Bunyatratchata A, Huang YP, Ozturk G, Cohen JL, Bhattacharya M, Mln de Moura Bell J, Barile D. Effects of Industrial Thermal Treatments on the Release of Bovine Colostrum Glycoprotein N-Glycans by Endo-β- N-acetylglucosaminidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:15208-15215. [PMID: 33296195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
N-Glycans are structurally similar to human milk oligosaccharides, the gold standard prebiotics for infants. Bovine milk N-glycans released by endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EndoBI-1) were shown to have similar prebiotic selectivity as human milk oligosaccharides, explaining the interest for N-glycan recovery for use as prebiotics. Industrial thermal treatments such as high-temperature short-time (HTST) and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) might favor the enzymatic deglycosylation of N-glycans through promoting protein denaturation. We investigated the effects of HTST (72 °C for 15 s) and UHT (135 °C for 3 s) on N-glycan release from bovine colostrum glycoproteins by nonimmobilized and amino-immobilized EndoBI-1. A total of 104 N-glycans including isomers/anomers were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. In both EndoBI-1 forms, HTST increased the release of N-glycans; however, the impact of UHT on releasing N-glycans was comparable to the nonthermal treatment. Although the amino-immobilized enzyme similarly released neutral N-glycans as the free form, it released fewer sialylated and fucosylated N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichaya Bunyatratchata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yu-Ping Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gulustan Ozturk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Joshua L Cohen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Mrittika Bhattacharya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Juliana Mln de Moura Bell
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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9
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Quantitative analysis of bovine whey glycoproteins using the overall N-linked whey glycoprofile. Int Dairy J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Multistage mass spectrometry with intelligent precursor selection for N-glycan branching pattern analysis. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Figueroa-Lozano S, Valk-Weeber RL, Akkerman R, Abdulahad W, van Leeuwen SS, Dijkhuizen L, de Vos P. Inhibitory Effects of Dietary N-Glycans From Bovine Lactoferrin on Toll-Like Receptor 8; Comparing Efficacy With Chloroquine. Front Immunol 2020; 11:790. [PMID: 32477333 PMCID: PMC7235371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR-8) plays a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and associated gastrointestinal symptoms that reduce quality of life of patients. Dietary interventions are becoming more accepted as mean to manage onset, progression, and treatment of a broad spectrum of inflammatory conditions. In this study, we assessed the impact of N-glycans derived from bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on the inhibition of TLR-8 activation. We investigated the effects of N-glycans in their native form, as well as in its partially demannosylated and partially desialylated form, on HEK293 cells expressing TLR-8, and in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). We found that in HEK293 cells, N-glycans strongly inhibited the ssRNA40 induced TLR-8 activation but to a lesser extent the R848 induced TLR-8 activation. The impact was compared with a pharmaceutical agent, i.e., chloroquine (CQN), that is clinically applied to antagonize endosomal TLR- activation. Inhibitory effects of the N-glycans were not influenced by the partially demannosylated or partially desialylated N-glycans. As the difference in charge of the N-glycans did not influence the inhibition capacity of TLR-8, it is possible that the inhibition mediated by the N-glycans is a result of a direct interaction with the receptor rather than a result of pH changes in the endosome. The inhibition of TLR-8 in MoDCs resulted in a significant decrease of IL-6 when cells were treated with the unmodified (0.5-fold, p < 0.0001), partially demannosylated (0.3-fold, p < 0.0001) and partially desialylated (0.4-fold, p < 0.0001) N-glycans. Furthermore, the partially demannosylated and partially desialylated N-glycans showed stronger inhibition of IL-6 production compared with the native N-glycans. This provides evidence that glycan composition plays a role in the immunomodulatory activity of the isolated N-glycans from bLF on MoDCs. Compared to CQN, the N-glycans are specific inhibitors of TLR-8 activation and of IL-6 production in MoDCs. Our findings demonstrate that isolated N-glycans from bLF have attenuating effects on TLR-8 induced immune activation in HEK293 cells and human MoDCs. The inhibitory capacity of N-glycans isolated from bLF onTLR-8 activation may become a food-based strategy to manage autoimmune, infections or other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Figueroa-Lozano
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rivca L Valk-Weeber
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Renate Akkerman
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wayel Abdulahad
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sander S van Leeuwen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Valk-Weeber RL, Eshuis-de Ruiter T, Dijkhuizen L, van Leeuwen SS. Dynamic Temporal Variations in Bovine Lactoferrin Glycan Structures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:549-560. [PMID: 31829588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported previously that glycosylation of bovine lactoferrin changes over time. A detailed structural overview of these changes over the whole course of lactation, including predry period milk, is lacking. In this study, a high-throughput analysis method was applied to the glycoprofile of lactoferrin isolated from colostrum, mature, and predry period mature milk, which was analyzed over two subsequent lactation cycles for 8 cows from diverse genetic backgrounds. In addition, comparisons are made with commercial bovine lactoferrin samples. During the first 72 h, dynamic changes in lactoferrin glycosylation occurred. Shifts in the oligomannose distribution and the number of sialylated and fucosylated glycans were observed. In some cows, we observed (α2,3)-linked sialic acid in the earliest colostrum samples. The glycoprofiles appeared stable from 1 month after delivery, as well as between cows. In addition, the glycosylation profiles of commercial lactoferrins isolated from pooled mature milk were stable over the year. Lactoferrin glycosylation in the predry period resembles colostrum lactoferrin. The variations in lactoferrin glycosylation profiles, lactoferrin concentrations, and other milk parameters provide detailed information that potentially assists in unraveling the functions and biosynthesis regulation of lactoferrin glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivca L Valk-Weeber
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | | | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Sander S van Leeuwen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB) , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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van Leeuwen SS. Challenges and Pitfalls in Human Milk Oligosaccharide Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2684. [PMID: 31698698 PMCID: PMC6893418 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides have been recognized as an important, functional biomolecule in mothers' milk. Moreover, these oligosaccharides have been recognized as the third most abundant component of human milk, ranging from 10-15 g/L in mature milk and up to and over 20 g/L reported in colostrum. Initially, health benefits of human milk oligosaccharides were assigned via observational studies on the differences between breastfed and bottle fed infants. Later, pools of milk oligosaccharides were isolated and used in functional studies and in recent years more specific studies into structure-function relationships have identified some advanced roles for milk oligosaccharides in the healthy development of infants. In other research, the levels, diversity, and complexity of human milk oligosaccharides have been studied, showing a wide variation in results. This review gives a critical overview of challenges in the analysis of human milk oligosaccharides. In view of the myriad functions that can be assigned, often to specific structures or classes of structures, it is very relevant to assess the levels of these structures in the human milk correctly, as well as in other biological sample materials. Ultimately, the review makes a case for a comparative, inter-laboratory study on quantitative human milk oligosaccharide analysis in all relevant biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander S van Leeuwen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cluster Human Nutrition & Health, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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