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Alsalhi A. Applications of selected polysaccharides and proteins in dentistry: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129215. [PMID: 38185301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In the last ten years, remarkable characteristics and a variety of functionalities have been created in biopolymeric materials for clinical dental applications. This review gives an overview of current knowledge of natural biopolymers (biological macromolecules) in terms of structural, functional, and property interactions. Natural biopolymers such as polysaccharides (chitosan, bacterial cellulose, hyaluronic acid, and alginate) and polypeptides (collagen and silk fibroin) have been discussed for dental uses. These biopolymers exhibit excellent properties alone and when employed with other composite molecules making them ideal for treatment of periodontitis, endodontics, dental pulp regeneration and oral wound healing. These biopolymers together with the composite materials exhibit better biocompatibility, inertness, elasticity and flexibility which makes them a leading candidate to be used for other dental applications like caries management, oral appliances, dentures, dental implants and oral surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alsalhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
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Sethuram L, Thomas J. Therapeutic applications of electrospun nanofibers impregnated with various biological macromolecules for effective wound healing strategy - A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113996. [PMID: 36399827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Non-healing infected wound is an ever-growing global epidemic, with increasing burden of mortality rates and management costs. The problems of chronic wound infections and their outcomes will continue as long as their underlying causes like diabetic wounds grow and spread. Commercial wound therapies employed have limited potential that inhibits pivotal functions and tissue re-epithelialization properties resulting in wound infections. Nanomaterial based drug delivery formulations involving biological macromolecules are developing areas of interest in wound healing applications which are utilized in the re-epithelialization of skin with cost-effective preparations. Research conducted on nanofibers has shown enhanced skin establishment with improved cell proliferation and growth and delivery of bioactive organic molecules at the wound site. However, drug targeted delivery with anti-scarring properties and tissue regeneration aspects have not been updated and discussed in the case of macromolecule impregnated nanofibrous mats. Hence, this review focuses on the brief concepts of wound healing and wound management, therapeutic commercialized wound dressings currently available in the field of wound care, effective electrospun nanofibers impregnated with different biological macromolecules and advancement of nanomaterials for tissue engineering have been discussed. These new findings will pave the way for producing anti-scarring high effective wound scaffolds for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshimipriya Sethuram
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - John Thomas
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Silva ACQ, Silvestre AJD, Vilela C, Freire CSR. Cellulose and protein nanofibrils: Singular biobased nanostructures for the design of sustainable advanced materials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1059097. [PMID: 36582838 PMCID: PMC9793328 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1059097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides and proteins are extensively used for the design of advanced sustainable materials. Owing to the high aspect ratio and specific surface area, ease of modification, high mechanical strength and thermal stability, renewability, and biodegradability, biopolymeric nanofibrils are gaining growing popularity amongst the catalog of nanostructures exploited in a panoply of fields. These include the nanocomposites, paper and packaging, environmental remediation, electronics, energy, and biomedical applications. In this review, recent trends on the use of cellulose and protein nanofibrils as versatile substrates for the design of high-performance nanomaterials are assessed. A concise description of the preparation methodologies and characteristics of cellulosic nanofibrils, namely nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), and protein nanofibrils is presented. Furthermore, the use of these nanofibrils in the production of sustainable materials, such as membranes, films, and patches, amongst others, as well as their major domains of application, are briefly described, with focus on the works carried out at the BioPol4Fun Research Group (Innovation in BioPolymer based Functional Materials and Bioactive Compounds) from the Portuguese associate laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (University of Aveiro). The potential for partnership between both types of nanofibrils in advanced material development is also reviewed. Finally, the critical challenges and opportunities for these biobased nanostructures for the development of functional materials are addressed.
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Raza ZA, Mobeen A, Rehman MSU, Majeed MI. Synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles embedded in porous chitosan membrane for photodegradation of organic dyes. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ayub A, Srithilat K, Fatima I, Panduro-Tenazoa NM, Ahmed I, Akhtar MU, Shabbir W, Ahmad K, Muhammad A. Arsenic in drinking water: overview of removal strategies and role of chitosan biosorbent for its remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:64312-64344. [PMID: 35849228 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accessibility to clean drinking water often remains a crucial task at times. Among other water pollutants, arsenic is considered a more lethal contaminant and has become a serious threat to human life globally. This review discussed the sources, chemistry, distribution, and toxicity of arsenic and various conventional technologies that are in option for its removal from the water system. Nowadays, biosorbents are considered the best option for arsenic-contaminated water treatment. We have mainly focused on the need and potential of biosorbents especially the role of chitosan-based composites for arsenic removal. The chitosan-based sorbents are economically more efficient in terms of their, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, eco-friendly nature, and reusability. The role of various modification techniques, such as physical and chemical, has also been evaluated to improve the physicochemical properties of biosorbent. The importance of adsorption kinetic and isotherm models and the role of solution pH and pHPZC for arsenic uptake from the polluted water have also been investigated. Some other potential applications of chitosan-based biosorbents have also been discussed along with its sustainability aspect. Finally, some suggestions have been highlighted for further improvements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ayub
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Khaysy Srithilat
- Faculty of Economics and Business Management, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos
| | - Irum Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, 47040, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Masaya Panduro-Tenazoa
- Department of Aquaculture Agroforestry Engineering, National Intercultural University of the Amazon, Pucallpa, Peru
| | - Iqbal Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Akhtar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Shabbir
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Ahmad
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ali Muhammad
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
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Bakhtiyar MJ, Raza ZA, Aslam M, Bajwa SZ, Shoaib Ur Rehman M, Rafiq S. Cupric oxide nanoparticles incorporated poly(hydroxybutyrate) nanocomposite for potential biosensing application. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:1018-1028. [PMID: 35691435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a novel electrochemical biosensor comprising of cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) mediated poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) composite film with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder/template support using the solution casting method for the detection of a biomolecule i.e., ascorbic acid (AA). The specimens were characterized for surface, chemical, mechanical, optical, and electrochemical attributes. The results expressed regular mediation of CuO NPs in the PHB/PVA matrix towards nanobiocomposite formation with enhanced crystallinity, inter-molecular interactions, mechanical, and electrochemical attributes, and decreased hydrophilicity and bandgap, thus being useful in potential optoelectronic devices. The synthesized biocomposite film exhibited a tensile strength of 86.24 ± 4.10 N which might be due to reinforcement/uniform dispersion of the CuO nanofiller in the PHB-based matrix. The PHB/CuO composite, then, deposited on a glassy carbon electrode surface exhibited good electrocatalytic activity towards the AA in the aqueous media even at low analyte concentrations. Such modified electrode surfaces with metal/biopolymer complex could find possible applications in the detection of other bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Raza
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.
| | - Sadia Zafar Bajwa
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 577, Pakistan
| | | | - Samvia Rafiq
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
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Ain NU, Wu S, Li X, Li D, Zhang Z. Isolation, Characterization, Pharmacology and Biopolymer Applications of Licorice Polysaccharides: Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103654. [PMID: 35629680 PMCID: PMC9147829 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is known as "Gan-Cao" in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), belonging to the genus Glycyrrhiza (Family: Fabaceae/Leguminosae). It has a long medicinal history and wide applications in China. Polysaccharides of licorice (LPs) are one of the key bioactive components. As herbal polysaccharides attracted increasing interest in the past several decades, their extraction, isolation, structural characterization, pharmacological activities, and medicinal application have been explored extensively. It is worth heeding that the method of extraction and purification effects LPs, apart from specie and origin specificity. This review evaluates the method of extraction and purification and demonstrates its performance in gaining specific composition and its structure-activity relationship, which might lead the readers to a fresh horizon for developing advanced treatment strategies. It is recently reported that the conformation of LPs plays a vital role as biopolymers, such as selenized modification, microencapsulation, nanocomposite, liposome formulation, drug/hydrogel combinations, biosensor device, and synergistic effect with a vaccine. In addition, LPs showed a good thermodynamics profile, as these properties enable them to interact with additional supramolecular interaction by chemical modifications or copolymerization. Functional polymers that are responsive to various external stimuli, such as physical, chemical, and biological signals, are a promising study topic. Thus, LPs are emerging as a new biomaterial that can enhance intended formulation along exerting its inherent medicinal effects. It is hoped that this review will provide a basis for the utilization and further developments of licorice polysaccharides in the vast medium.
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Electrospun Polysaccharides for Periodontal Tissue Engineering: A Review of Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:769-793. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-02952-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Sustainable Applications of Nanofibers in Agriculture and Water Treatment: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural fibers are an important source for producing polymers, which are highly applicable in their nanoform and could be used in very broad fields such as filtration for water/wastewater treatment, biomedicine, food packaging, harvesting, and storage of energy due to their high specific surface area. These natural nanofibers could be mainly produced through plants, animals, and minerals, as well as produced from agricultural wastes. For strengthening these natural fibers, they may reinforce with some substances such as nanomaterials. Natural or biofiber-reinforced bio-composites and nano–bio-composites are considered better than conventional composites. The sustainable application of nanofibers in agricultural sectors is a promising approach and may involve plant protection and its growth through encapsulating many bio-active molecules or agrochemicals (i.e., pesticides, phytohormones, and fertilizers) for smart delivery at the targeted sites. The food industry and processing also are very important applicable fields of nanofibers, particularly food packaging, which may include using nanofibers for active–intelligent food packaging, and food freshness indicators. The removal of pollutants from soil, water, and air is an urgent field for nanofibers due to their high efficiency. Many new approaches or applicable agro-fields for nanofibers are expected in the future, such as using nanofibers as the indicators for CO and NH3. The role of nanofibers in the global fighting against COVID-19 may represent a crucial solution, particularly in producing face masks.
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