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Cervantes-Diaz KB, Drobek M, Julbe A, Cambedouzou J. SiC Foams for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue under Visible Light Irradiation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1328. [PMID: 36836960 PMCID: PMC9959366 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
SiC foams were synthesized by impregnating preceramic polymer into polyurethane foam templates, resulting in a photo-catalytically active material for the degradation of methylene blue. The crystalline structure, electronic properties, and photocatalytic performance of the SiC foams were characterized using a series of experimental techniques, including X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 physisorption measurements, UV-visible spectroscopy, and methylene blue photodegradation tests. The original polyurethane template's microporous structure was maintained during the formation of the SiC foam, while additional mesopores were introduced by the porogen moieties added to the preceramic polymers. The prepared SiC-based photocatalyst showed attractive photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. This structured and reactive material offers good potential for application as a catalytic contactor or membrane reactor for the semi-continuous treatment of contaminated waste waters in ambient conditions.
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More GS, Kar AK, Srivastava R. Cu–Ce Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework-Derived, Oxygen Vacancy-Boosted Visible Light-Active Cu 2O–CeO 2/C Heterojunction: An Efficient Photocatalyst for the Sonogashira Coupling Reaction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19010-19021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Sunil More
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Catalysis Research Laboratory, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Catalysis Research Laboratory, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Rajendra Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Catalysis Research Laboratory, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Benzimidazole-Based Carboxyl Functionalized Porphyrin with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity Towards Metal Free Sonogashira Coupling. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Banda P, Mucherla R. Palladium-Supported Polydopamine-Coated NiFe 2O 4@TiO 2: A Sole Photocatalyst for Suzuki and Sonogashira Coupling Reactions under Sunlight Irradiation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29356-29368. [PMID: 36033688 PMCID: PMC9404510 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effective utilization of solar energy in synthetic organic chemistry has gained extensive attention owing to its enormous energy and environmentally benign nature. In this context, we designed and synthesized a magnetically retrievable, sole palladium (Pd)-supported polydopamine-coated core@shell (NiFe2O4@TiO2) heterogeneous nanophotocatalyst for Suzuki and Sonogashira coupling reactions under sunlight irradiation. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared, UV-vis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer analysis. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocatalyst under sunlight irradiation was assessed for both Suzuki and Sonogashira coupling reactions, where it worked excellently well with a high yield of the product up to 98 and 96%, respectively. Its efficacy was also investigated in the conversion of substituted substrates in both the coupling reactions into desired biaryls and diarylacetylenes. Unique features of the synthesized catalyst are (i) its effective performance for both the aforesaid coupling reactions under ambient reaction conditions for a short reaction time in polar protic solvents (ethanolic water/EtOH) with good yield without any byproduct, (ii) magnetic retrieval of the catalyst from the reaction mixture employing an external magnet is an added advantage, and (iii) the retrieved catalyst could potentially be reutilized for up to five consecutive runs without appreciable diminution of catalytic efficacy, and its stability was confirmed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy analysis and XRD.
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, the use of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) in catalysis has attracted much attention and their use in C–C bond forming reactions constitutes one of their most important applications. A huge variety of metal NPs, which have showed high catalytic activity for C–C bond forming reactions, have been developed up to now. Many kinds of stabilizers, such as inorganic materials, magnetically recoverable materials, porous materials, organic–inorganic composites, carbon materials, polymers, and surfactants have been utilized to develop metal NPs catalysts. This review classified and outlined the categories of metal NPs by the type of support.
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Tuci G, Liu Y, Rossin A, Guo X, Pham C, Giambastiani G, Pham-Huu C. Porous Silicon Carbide (SiC): A Chance for Improving Catalysts or Just Another Active-Phase Carrier? Chem Rev 2021; 121:10559-10665. [PMID: 34255488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is an obvious gap between efforts dedicated to the control of chemicophysical and morphological properties of catalyst active phases and the attention paid to the search of new materials to be employed as functional carriers in the upgrading of heterogeneous catalysts. Economic constraints and common habits in preparing heterogeneous catalysts have narrowed the selection of active-phase carriers to a handful of materials: oxide-based ceramics (e.g. Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and aluminosilicates-zeolites) and carbon. However, these carriers occasionally face chemicophysical constraints that limit their application in catalysis. For instance, oxides are easily corroded by acids or bases, and carbon is not resistant to oxidation. Therefore, these carriers cannot be recycled. Moreover, the poor thermal conductivity of metal oxide carriers often translates into permanent alterations of the catalyst active sites (i.e. metal active-phase sintering) that compromise the catalyst performance and its lifetime on run. Therefore, the development of new carriers for the design and synthesis of advanced functional catalytic materials and processes is an urgent priority for the heterogeneous catalysis of the future. Silicon carbide (SiC) is a non-oxide semiconductor with unique chemicophysical properties that make it highly attractive in several branches of catalysis. Accordingly, the past decade has witnessed a large increase of reports dedicated to the design of SiC-based catalysts, also in light of a steadily growing portfolio of porous SiC materials covering a wide range of well-controlled pore structure and surface properties. This review article provides a comprehensive overview on the synthesis and use of macro/mesoporous SiC materials in catalysis, stressing their unique features for the design of efficient, cost-effective, and easy to scale-up heterogeneous catalysts, outlining their success where other and more classical oxide-based supports failed. All applications of SiC in catalysis will be reviewed from the perspective of a given chemical reaction, highlighting all improvements rising from the use of SiC in terms of activity, selectivity, and process sustainability. We feel that the experienced viewpoint of SiC-based catalyst producers and end users (these authors) and their critical presentation of a comprehensive overview on the applications of SiC in catalysis will help the readership to create its own opinion on the central role of SiC for the future of heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tuci
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Yuefeng Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Andrea Rossin
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Charlotte Pham
- SICAT SARL, 20 place des Halles, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Giuliano Giambastiani
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR and Consorzio INSTM, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy.,Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515 of the CNRS-University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Cuong Pham-Huu
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), ECPM, UMR 7515 of the CNRS-University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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Shang W, Li Y, Huang H, Lai F, Roeffaers MBJ, Weng B. Synergistic Redox Reaction for Value-Added Organic Transformation via Dual-Functional Photocatalytic Systems. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weike Shang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, No. 58, YanTa Road, Xi’an 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuangang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, No. 58, YanTa Road, Xi’an 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haowei Huang
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Feili Lai
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten B. J. Roeffaers
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bo Weng
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Stroyuk OL, Kuchmy SY. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Selective Reductive Transformations of Organic Compounds: a Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-020-09648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Zhu DL, Xu R, Wu Q, Li HY, Lang JP, Li HX. Nickel-Catalyzed Sonogashira C(sp)–C(sp2) Coupling through Visible-Light Sensitization. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9201-9212. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Liang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- College of Overseas Education, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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Li P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Jin G, Guo X, Tong X. Silicon Carbide Supported Palladium‐Iridium Bimetallic Catalysts for Efficient Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
| | - Guoqiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
| | - Xiang‐Yun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China
| | - Xili Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
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11
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Jaffari ZH, Lam SM, Sin JC, Zeng H, Mohamed AR. Magnetically recoverable Pd-loaded BiFeO3 microcomposite with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance for pollutant, bacterial and fungal elimination. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Photocatalytic C–X borylation of aryl halides by hierarchical SiC nanowire-supported Pd nanoparticles. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(19)63449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Dissanayake KC, Ebukuyo PO, Dhahir YJ, Wheeler K, He H. A BODIPY-functionalized PdII photoredox catalyst for Sonogashira C–C cross-coupling reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4973-4976. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time a BODIPY-functionalized dichloro(1,10-phenanthroline)palladium(ii) complex as an efficient photoredox catalyst for the Sonogashira C–C cross-coupling between phenylacetylene derivatives and iodobenzene derivatives with yields up to 92% under visible light illumination at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peters O. Ebukuyo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Yasser J. Dhahir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Kraig Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
| | - Hongshan He
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Eastern Illinois University
- Charleston
- USA
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Jia Q, Zhang S, Jia X, Dong X, Gao Z, Gu Q. Photocatalytic coupled redox cycle for two organic transformations over Pd/carbon nitride composites. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report a photocatalytic coupling approach to promote simultaneously two organic transformations using Pd/carbon nitride composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
| | - Xiaoxia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
| | - Xiaoyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
| | - Quan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
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Li Y, Feng X, Li Z. Visible-light-initiated Sonogashira coupling reactions over CuO/TiO2 nanocomposites. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CuO/TiO2 nanocomposites with different weight ratios of CuO were obtained by immersing TiO2 in aqueous solution of Cu(NO3)2, followed by heat treatment at 400 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
| | - Xue Feng
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
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Gu Q, Jia Q, Long J, Gao Z. Heterogeneous Photocatalyzed C−C Cross-coupling Reactions Under Visible-light and Near-infrared Light Irradiation. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; No. 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 P.R. China
| | - Qiaohui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; No. 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 P.R. China
| | - Jinlin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment; Fuzhou University; Xueyuan Road 2 Fuzhou 350108 P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; No. 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 P.R. China
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Ag1Pd1-rGO nanocomposite as recyclable catalyst for CDC reactions of 2-arylpyridines with aldehydes. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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19
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Yang J, Liu X, Cao H, Shi Y, Xie Y, Xiao J. Dendritic BiVO4 decorated with MnOx co-catalyst as an efficient hierarchical catalyst for photocatalytic ozonation. Front Chem Sci Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-018-1713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Wang B, Wang Y, Li J, Guo X, Bai G, Tong X, Jin G, Guo X. Photocatalytic Sonogashira reaction over silicon carbide supported Pd–Cu alloy nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00618k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PdCu alloy nanoparticles supported on SiC can efficiently catalyze the Sonogashira reaction by visible light irradiation under ligand-free and mild conditions. The superior catalytic activity of PdCu catalysts was caused by the synergistic effect of PdCu alloy nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100039
| | - Yingyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Jiazhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100039
| | - Xiaoning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Gailing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Xili Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Guoqiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
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