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Liu X, Xing X, Dong Q, Liu W, Li W. Efficient removal of nitrogen/ phosphorous by mix-cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis and Simplicillium lanosoniveum in wastewater supplemented with NaHCO3. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Examination of Photo-, Mixo-, and Heterotrophic Cultivation Conditions on Haematococcus pluvialis Cyst Cell Germination. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis is used for the biotechnological production of astaxanthin. The red carotenoid accumulates in the cytoplasm under unfavorable conditions. Astaxanthin synthesis is associated with the transformation of motile vegetative cells into non-motile cyst cells. In the industrial process, after harvesting, the cyst cells are mechanically disrupted, dried, and finally, astaxanthin is extracted with supercritical CO2. The germination of the cyst cells represents an interesting alternative, replacing the mechanical cyst cell wall disruption. When cyst cells are exposed to favorable growth conditions, germination of the cyst cells occurs and zoospores are released after a certain time. These zoospores show a much weaker cell matrix compared to cyst cells. In this study, germination under phototrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic conditions was examined. Glucose was used as the carbon source for mixotrophic and heterotrophic germination. Applying heterotrophic conditions, up to 80% of the cells were in the zoospore stage 49 h after the start of germination, and extraction yields of up to 50% were achieved using the solvent ethyl acetate for the extraction of astaxanthin from the algal broth containing zoospores. An extraction yield of up to 64% could be achieved by doubling the nitrate concentration and combining mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultivation.
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Scognamiglio V, Giardi MT, Zappi D, Touloupakis E, Antonacci A. Photoautotrophs-Bacteria Co-Cultures: Advances, Challenges and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3027. [PMID: 34199583 PMCID: PMC8199690 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microorganisms are among the fundamental living organisms exploited for millennia in many industrial applications, including the food chain, thanks to their adaptable behavior and intrinsic proprieties. The great multipotency of these photoautotroph microorganisms has been described through their attitude to become biofarm for the production of value-added compounds to develop functional foods and personalized drugs. Furthermore, such biological systems demonstrated their potential for green energy production (e.g., biofuel and green nanomaterials). In particular, the exploitation of photoautotrophs represents a concrete biorefinery system toward sustainability, currently a highly sought-after concept at the industrial level and for the environmental protection. However, technical and economic issues have been highlighted in the literature, and in particular, challenges and limitations have been identified. In this context, a new perspective has been recently considered to offer solutions and advances for the biomanufacturing of photosynthetic materials: the co-culture of photoautotrophs and bacteria. The rational of this review is to describe the recently released information regarding this microbial consortium, analyzing the critical issues, the strengths and the next challenges to be faced for the intentions attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Scognamiglio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (M.T.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Maria Teresa Giardi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (M.T.G.); (D.Z.)
- Biosensor S.r.l., Via Olmetti 44, 00060 Formello, Italy
| | - Daniele Zappi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (M.T.G.); (D.Z.)
| | - Eleftherios Touloupakis
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Amina Antonacci
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (M.T.G.); (D.Z.)
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Effects of gluconate on biomass improvement and light stress tolerance of Haematococcus pluvialis in mixotrophic culture. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang X, Ma J, Bai X, Yan H, Qin C, Ren D. Antioxidant properties of astaxanthin produced by cofermentation between Spirulina platensis and recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae against mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 damaged by H2O2. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Background The origin of cancer cells is the most fundamental yet unresolved problem in cancer research. Cancer cells are thought to be transformed from the normal cells. However, recent studies reveal that the primary cancer cells (PCCs) for cancer initiation and secondary cancer cells (SCCs) for cancer progression are formed in but not transformed from the senescent normal and cancer cells, respectively. Nevertheless, the cellular mechanism of PCCs/SCCs formation is unclear. Here, based on the evidences (1) the nascent PCCs/SCCs are small and organelle-less resembling bacteria; (2) our finding that the cyanobacterium TDX16 acquires its algal host DNA and turns into a new alga TDX16-DE by de novo organelle biogenesis, and (3) PCCs/SCCs formations share striking similarities with TDX16 development and transition, we propose the bacterial origin of cancer cells (BOCC). Presentation of the hypothesis The intracellular bacteria take up the DNAs of the senescent/necrotic normal cells/PCCs and then develop into PCCs/SCCs by hybridizing the acquired DNAs with their own ones and expressing the hybrid genomes. Testing the hypothesis BOCC can be confirmed by testing BOCC-based predictions, such as normal cells with no intracellular bacteria can not "transform" into cancer cells in any conditions. Implications of the hypothesis According to BOCC theory: (1) cancer cells are new single-celled eukaryotes, which is why the hallmarks of cancer are mostly the characteristics of protists; (2) genetic changes and instabilities are not the causes, but the consequences of cancer cell formation; and (3) the common role of carcinogens, infectious agents and relating factors is inducing or related to cellular senescence rather than mutations. Therefore, BOCC theory provides new rationale and direction for cancer research, prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Dong
- Department of Bioengineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Xiang-Ying Xing
- Department of Bioengineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
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Enhancement of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and beta-carotene production in Schizochytrium sp. using symbiotic relationship with Rhodotorula glutinis. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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La A, Perré P, Taidi B. Process for symbiotic culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Chlorella vulgaris for in situ CO2 mitigation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:731-745. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Padmaperuma G, Kapoore RV, Gilmour DJ, Vaidyanathan S. Microbial consortia: a critical look at microalgae co-cultures for enhanced biomanufacturing. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:690-703. [PMID: 29233009 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1390728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Monocultures have been the preferred production route in the bio-industry, where contamination has been a major bottleneck. In nature, microorganisms usually exist as part of organized communities and consortia, gaining benefits from co-habitation, keeping invaders at bay. There is increasing interest in the use of co-cultures to tackle contamination issues, and simultaneously increase productivity and product diversity. The feasibility of extending the natural phenomenon of co-habitation to the biomanufacturing industry in the form of co-cultures requires careful and systematic consideration of several aspects. This article will critically examine and review current work on microbial co-cultures, with the intent of examining the concept and proposing a design pipeline that can be developed in a biomanufacturing context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Padmaperuma
- a ChELSI Institute, Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
| | - Rahul Vijay Kapoore
- a ChELSI Institute, Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
| | - Daniel James Gilmour
- b Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
| | - Seetharaman Vaidyanathan
- a ChELSI Institute, Advanced Biomanufacturing Centre, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , The University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
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Wang S, Wu Y, Wang X. Heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa using sucrose as the sole carbon source by co-culture with Rhodotorula glutinis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:615-620. [PMID: 27619713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae is a feasible alternative strategy to avoid the light limitation of photoautotrophic culture, but the heterotrophic utilization of disaccharides is difficult for microalgae. Aimed at this problem, a co-culture system was developed by mix culture of C. pyrenoidosa and R. glutinis using sucrose as the sole carbon source. In this system, C. pyrenoidosa could utilize glucose and fructose which were hydrolyzed from sucrose by R. glutinis. The highest specific growth rate and final cell number proportion of algae was 1.02day(-1) and 45%, respectively, when cultured at the initial algal cell number proportion of 95.24% and the final algal cell density was 111.48×10(6)cells/mL. In addition, the lipid content was also promoted due to the synergistic effects in mix culture. This study provides a novel approach using sucrose-riched wastes for the heterotrophic culture of microalgae and may effectively decrease the cost of carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Yong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
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Shu CH, Tsai CC. Enhancing oil accumulation of a mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using fish waste hydrolysate. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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P. Nghiem N, Montanti J, B. Johnston D. Sorghum as a renewable feedstock for production of fuels and industrial chemicals. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2016.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Kumari A, Kumar A, Pathak AK, Guria C. Carbon dioxide assisted Spirulina platensis cultivation using NPK-10:26:26 complex fertilizer in sintered disk chromatographic glass bubble column. J CO2 UTIL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Microalgal symbiosis in biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:5839-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tsai DDW, Chen PH. Differentiation criteria study for continuous stirred tank reactor and plug flow reactor. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579513060122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shu CH, Tsai CC, Chen KY, Liao WH, Huang HC. Enhancing high quality oil accumulation and carbon dioxide fixation by a mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Galvão RM, Santana TS, Fontes CHO, Sales EA. Modeling of Biomass Production of Haematococcus pluvialis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/am.2013.48a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Raman R, Mohamad SE. Astaxanthin production by freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana and marine microalgae Tetraselmis sp. Pak J Biol Sci 2012; 15:1182-1186. [PMID: 23755409 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2012.1182.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous commercial applications of microalgae nowadays owing to their vast biotechnological and economical potential. Indisputably, astaxanthin is one of the high value product synthesized by microalgae and is achieving commercial success. Astaxanthin is a keto-carotenoid pigment found in many aquatic animals including microalgae. Astaxanthin cannot be synthesized by animals and provided in the diet is compulsory. In this study, the production of astaxanthin by the freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana and marine microalgae Tetraselmis sp. were studied. The relationship between growth and astaxanthin production by marine and freshwater microalgae cultivated under various carbon sources and concentrations, environmental conditions and nitrate concentrations was investigated in this study. Inorganic carbon source and low nitrate concentration favored the growth and production of astaxanthin by the marine microalgae Tetraselmis sp. and the freshwater microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana. Outdoor cultivation enhanced the growth of microalgae, while indoor cultivation promoted the formation of astaxanthin. The results indicated that supplementation of light, inorganic carbon and nitrate could be effectively manipulated to enhance the production of astaxanthin by both microalgae studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinugah Raman
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Tsai DDW, Ramaraj R, Chen PH. Growth condition study of algae function in ecosystem for CO2 bio-fixation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 107:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Ananda N, Vadlani PV. Carotenoid Value Addition of Cereal Products by Monoculture and Mixed-Culture Fermentation of Phaffia rhodozymaand Sporobolomyces roseus. Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-04-11-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanjundaswamy Ananda
- Bioprocessing and Industrial Value Added Program (BIVAP), Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University
- Corresponding author. 301 Goodwyn Hall, 7061 Senators Dr., Department of Biology, Auburn University, Montgomery, AL 36117. Tel: 334-244-3625. Fax: 334-244-3993. E-mail:
| | - Praveen V. Vadlani
- Bioprocessing and Industrial Value Added Program (BIVAP), Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University
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Cheirsilp B, Suwannarat W, Niyomdecha R. Mixed culture of oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis and microalga Chlorella vulgaris for lipid production from industrial wastes and its use as biodiesel feedstock. N Biotechnol 2011; 28:362-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ananda N, Vadlani PV. Substrates Influence Stimulatory Effect of Mevalonic Acid on Carotenoid Production in Red Yeasts. Cereal Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-10-10-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanjundaswamy Ananda
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, 202 BIVAP Building, 1980 Kimball Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506. This article is assigned contribution no. 11-056-J by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS 66506
- Corresponding author. Phone: 785-532-5011. Fax: 785-532-7193. E-mail:
| | - Praveen V. Vadlani
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, 202 BIVAP Building, 1980 Kimball Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506. This article is assigned contribution no. 11-056-J by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS 66506
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Li FF, Yang ZH, Zeng R, Yang G, Chang X, Yan JB, Hou YL. Microalgae Capture of CO2 from Actual Flue Gas Discharged from a Combustion Chamber. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie200040q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Gai Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Xu Chang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jia-Bao Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Ya-Li Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
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Ananda N, Vadlani PV. Production and optimization of carotenoid-enriched dried distiller’s grains with solubles by Phaffia rhodozyma and Sporobolomyces roseus fermentation of whole stillage. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:1183-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yuan C, Jin Z, Xu X, Zhuang H, Shen W. Preparation and stability of the inclusion complex of astaxanthin with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Food Chem 2008; 109:264-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 07/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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DONG Q, ZHAO X, XING X, HU J, GONG J. Concomitant NH+4 Secretion During Astaxanthin Synthesis in Haematococcus pluvialis Under High Irradiance and Nitrogen Deficient Conditions. Chin J Chem Eng 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(07)60052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cai S, Hu C, Du S. Comparisons of Growth and Biochemical Composition between Mixed Culture of Alga and Yeast and Monocultures. J Biosci Bioeng 2007; 104:391-7. [DOI: 10.1263/jbb.104.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dong QL, Zhao XM, Ma HW, Xing XY, Sun NX. Metabolic flux analysis of the two astaxanthin-producing microorganismsHaematococcus pluvialis andPhaffia rhodozyma in the pure and mixed cultures. Biotechnol J 2006; 1:1283-92. [PMID: 17068750 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The two major astaxanthin-producing microorganisms Phaffia rhodozyma and Haematococcus pluvialis exhibited elevated astaxanthin yields under the mixed culture regime, and the changes in flux distribution were investigated by means of metabolic flux analysis (MFA). In the mixed culture of the two strains, the carbon flux towards astaxanthin formation in P. rhodozyma increased by 20%, which may be due to the enriched oxygen evolved through the photosynthesis of H. pluvialis. On the other hand, the uptake of pyruvate and CO(2) excreted by P. rhodozyma also facilitated astaxanthin synthesis in H. pluvialis, which reduced 33% of the carbon flux exported from Calvin cycle to the catabolic pathway, and in turn raised the carbon flux to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by 25%. As a result, the carbon flux diverted to astaxanthin synthesis increased 2.8-fold in comparison with that in the pure culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
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