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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. Palladium-Catalysed Intermolecular Direct C–H Bond Arylation of Heteroarenes with Reagents Alternative to Aryl Halides: Current State of the Art. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220201124008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Abstract: This unprecedented review with 322 references provides a critical up-to-date picture of the Pd-catalysed intermolecular direct C–H bond arylation of heteroarenes with arylating reagents alternative to aryl halides that include aryl sulfonates (aryl triflates, tosylates, mesylates, and imidazole-1-sulfonates), diaryliodonium salts, [(diacetoxy)iodo]arenes, arenediazonium salts, 1-aryltriazenes, arylhydrazines and N’-arylhydrazides, arenesulfonyl chlorides, sodium arenesulfinates, arenesulfinic acids, and arenesulfonohydrazides. Particular attention has been paid to summarise the preparation of the various arylating reagents and to highlight the practicality, versatility, and limitations of the various developed arylation protocols, also comparing their results with those achieved in analogous Pd-catalysed arylation reactions involving the use of aryl halides as electrophiles. Mechanistic proposals have also been briefly summarised and discussed. However, data concerning Pd-catalysed direct C–H bond arylations involving the C–H bonds of aryl substituents of the examined heteroarene derivatives have not been taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
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2
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Wang YJ, Yuan CH, Chu DZ, Jiao L. Regiocontrol in the oxidative Heck reaction of indole by ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11042-11054. [PMID: 34094351 PMCID: PMC8162380 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient control of regioselectivity is a key concern in transition-metal-catalyzed direct C–H functionalization reactions. Various strategies for regiocontrol have been established by tuning the selectivity of the C–H activation step as a common mode. Herein, we present our study on an alternative mode of regiocontrol, in which the selectivity of the C–H activation step is no longer a key concern. We found that, in a reaction where the C–H activation step exhibits a different regio-preference from the subsequent functionalization step, a ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step could provide efficient regiocontrol. This mode has been exemplified by the Pd(ii)-catalyzed aerobic oxidative Heck reaction of indoles, in which a ligand-controlled C3-/C2-selectivity was achieved for the first time by the development of sulfoxide-2-hydroxypyridine (SOHP) ligands. Ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step allowed for efficient regiocontrol in the aerobic oxidative Heck reaction of indole.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China
| | - Chen-Hui Yuan
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China
| | - De-Zhao Chu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 10084 China
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Bhavani S, Ashfaq MA, Rambabu D, Basaveswara Rao M, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted Mizoroki–Heck reaction catalyzed by Pd/C: Synthesis of 3-vinyl indoles as potential cytotoxic agents. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Xue JW, Zeng M, Hou X, Chen Z, Yin G. Catalytic Oxidation of Alkynes into 1,2-Diketone Derivatives by Using a PdII
/Lewis-Acid Catalyst. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Miao Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Xianfei Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Guochuan Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage; Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
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Zhang S, Chen Z, Qin S, Lou C, Senan AM, Liao RZ, Yin G. Non-redox metal ion promoted oxidative coupling of indoles with olefins by the palladium(ii) acetate catalyst through dioxygen activation: experimental results with DFT calculations. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4146-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00401f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-redox metal ions can sharply improve the Pd(ii)-catalyzed oxidative coupling of indoles with acrylates, leading to one-step synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Shuhao Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Chenlin Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Ahmed M. Senan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Guochuan Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
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Rameau N, Cadot S, Paquet A, Pinel C, Djakovitch L. Decarboxylative Heterocoupling Coupling of Substituted Benzoic Acids for Biaryl Synthesis. Top Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-014-0308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Sanap AK, Shankarling GS. Choline chloride based eutectic solvents: direct C-3 alkenylation/alkylation of indoles with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05858e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
C-3 alkenylation/alkylation of indoles depends on the position of the substituent on the indole used in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kailas Sanap
- Department of Dyestuff Technology
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Mumbai 400 019, India
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Liu Z, Xia Y, Zhou S, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang J. Pd-Catalyzed Cyclization and Carbene Migratory Insertion: New Approach to 3-Vinylindoles and 3-Vinylbenzofurans. Org Lett 2013; 15:5032-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Long Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Huang Q, Song Q, Cai J, Zhang X, Lin S. Palladium(II)/Polyoxometalate-Catalyzed Direct C-3 Alkenylation of Indoles using Dioxygen as the Terminal Oxidant. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Zhang Y, Liu S, Yu W, Hu M, Zhang G, Yu Y. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 3-alkenyl indoles from 2-azido-3-arylacrylates and terminal alkenes at room temperature. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Vasseur A, Harakat D, Muzart J, Le Bras J. Aerobic Dehydrogenative Heck Reactions of Heterocycles with Styrenes: A Negative Effect of Metallic Co-Oxidants. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Wu M, Luo J, Xiao F, Zhang S, Deng GJ, Luo HA. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct and Site-Selective Desulfitative Arylation of Indoles with Sodium Sulfinates. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Batail N, Genelot M, Dufaud V, Joucla L, Djakovitch L. Palladium-based innovative catalytic procedures: Designing new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis and functionalisation of N-containing heteroaromatic compounds. Catal Today 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Djakovitch L, Batail N, Genelot M. Recent advances in the synthesis of N-containing heteroaromatics via heterogeneously transition metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions. Molecules 2011; 16:5241-67. [PMID: 21701436 PMCID: PMC6264783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16065241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N-containing heteroaromatics are important substructures found in numerous natural or synthetic alkaloids. The diversity of the structures encountered, as well as their biological and pharmaceutical relevance, have motivated research aimed at the development of new economical, efficient and selective synthetic strategies to access these compounds. Over more than 100 years of research, this hot topic has resulted in numerous so-called "classical synthetic methods" that have really contributed to this important area. However, when the selective synthesis of highly functional heteroaromatics like indoles, quinolones, indoxyls, etc. is considered these methods remain limited. Recently transition metal-catalysed (TM-catalysed) procedures for the synthesis of such compounds and further transformations, have been developed providing increased tolerance toward functional groups and leading generally to higher reaction yields. Many of these methods have proven to be the most powerful and are currently applied in target- or diversity-oriented syntheses. This review article aims at reporting the recent developments devoted to this important area, focusing on the use of heterogeneous catalysed procedures that include either the formation of the heterocyclic ring towards the nuclei or their transformations to highly substituted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Djakovitch
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, Villeurbanne F-69626, France.
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15
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Cacchi S, Fabrizi G. Update 1 of: Synthesis and Functionalization of Indoles Through Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions. Chem Rev 2011; 111:PR215-83. [PMID: 21557620 DOI: 10.1021/cr100403z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Cacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Technologie del Farmaco,
Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was
published in Chem. Rev.2005, 105 (7), 2873−2920, DOI: 10.1021/cr040639b; Published
(Web) July 13, 2005. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Giancarlo Fabrizi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Technologie del Farmaco,
Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was
published in Chem. Rev.2005, 105 (7), 2873−2920, DOI: 10.1021/cr040639b; Published
(Web) July 13, 2005. Updates to the text appear in red type
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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17
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Xiang SK, Zhang B, Zhang LH, Cui Y, Jiao N. Morpholine catalyzed direct C3 alkenylation of indoles with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:8097-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12220g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Álvarez R, Martínez C, Madich Y, Denis JG, Aurrecoechea JM, de Lera ÁR. A General Synthesis of Alkenyl‐Substituted Benzofurans, Indoles, and Isoquinolones by Cascade Palladium‐Catalyzed Heterocyclization/Oxidative Heck Coupling. Chemistry 2010; 16:12746-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 986‐811940
| | - Claudio Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 986‐811940
| | - Youssef Madich
- Departamento de Química Orgánica II, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain), Fax: (+34) 946‐013500
| | - J. Gabriel Denis
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 986‐811940
| | - José M. Aurrecoechea
- Departamento de Química Orgánica II, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain), Fax: (+34) 946‐013500
| | - Ángel R. de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 986‐811940
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Joucla L, Cusati G, Pinel C, Djakovitch L. One‐Pot Suzuki/Heck Sequence for the Synthesis of (
E
)‐Stilbenes Featuring a Recyclable Silica‐Supported Palladium Catalyst
via
a Multi‐Component Reaction in 1,3‐Propanediol. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Joucla
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France, Fax: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5399; phone: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5381
| | - Giuseppe Cusati
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France, Fax: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5399; phone: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5381
| | - Catherine Pinel
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France, Fax: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5399; phone: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5381
| | - Laurent Djakovitch
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France, Fax: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5399; phone: (+33)‐4‐7244‐5381
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Subba Reddy B, Begum Z, Jayasudhan Reddy Y, Yadav J. Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H activation of indoles: a facile synthesis of 3-cyanoindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Batail N, Bendjeriou A, Lomberget T, Barret R, Dufaud V, Djakovitch L. First Heterogeneous Ligand- and Salt-Free Larock Indole Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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23
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Aouf C, Thiery E, Le Bras J, Muzart J. Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Coupling of Furans with Styrenes. Org Lett 2009; 11:4096-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol901570p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chahinez Aouf
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229, CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Thiery
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229, CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229, CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229, CNRS-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR des Sciences exactes et naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Joucla L, Djakovitch L. Transition Metal-Catalysed, Direct and Site-Selective N1-, C2- or C3-Arylation of the Indole Nucleus: 20 Years of Improvements. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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