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Xu R, Liu K, Du H, Liu H, Cao X, Zhao X, Qu G, Li X, Li B, Si C. Falling Leaves Return to Their Roots: A Review on the Preparation of γ-Valerolactone from Lignocellulose and Its Application in the Conversion of Lignocellulose. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:6461-6476. [PMID: 32961026 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
γ-Valerolactone (GVL), derived from renewable lignocellulosic biomass, has been considered as a cost-competitive and green platform chemical. With the increasingly prominent environmental problems, a deep understanding of the preparation and transformation of GVL is highly needed. Based on the latest progress made with GVL, preparation and applications of GVL are summarized and discussed in this Review. In particular, the state-of-the-art in catalytic production of GVL is described based on the use of noble-metal and non-noble-metal catalysts. The application of GVL for the valorization of lignocellulose would improve the yield of target products such as sugar monomers and furfural. Thus, GVL can be produced from lignocellulose and simultaneously it can also be used for the valorization of lignocellulose, just as in the sustainable and renewable cycle, "the falling leaves returns to their roots". This Review is expected to provide valuable reference and new proposal for the further development and better utilization of GVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Haishun Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Rolls Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Huayu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Guanzheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Chuanling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 9 at 13 Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
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Bosilj M, Schmidt J, Fischer A, White RJ. One pot conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate over a porous hydrothermal acid catalyst in green solvents. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20341-20344. [PMID: 35514716 PMCID: PMC9065450 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra03902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-pot conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate over an acid-functionalised hydrothermal catalyst (derived from glucose) provides high initial yields up to 37 mol%, comparable to the homogeneous H2SO4 catalyst, whilst catalyst performance is strongly influenced by green solvent choice. One-pot conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate over an acid-functionalised hydrothermal carbon gives high initial yields up to 37 mol% (comparable to H2SO4) with catalyst performance strongly influenced by green solvent choice.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bosilj
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
- 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Freiburg
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Anna Fischer
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Freiburg
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF)
| | - Robin J. White
- Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
- 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau
- Germany
- The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO)
- 5656AE Eindhoven
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Tan J, Wang H, Ma L, Wang C, Liu Q, Zhang Q, He M. Selective yields of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose in tetrahydrofuran over Hβ zeolite. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24534-24540. [PMID: 35539217 PMCID: PMC9082084 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Several simple and effective solvents combined with Hβ zeolite were tested to selectively convert glucose into furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural in this work. The physicochemical properties of typically different polar aprotic solvents were compared. Tetrahydrofuran was found to be a suitable solvent in the selective conversion of glucose. The effect of reaction parameters, such as temperature, reaction time, water content, glucose dosage and protonic acid addition, on the product distribution were investigated in detail. Furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural could be selectively produced in this system, and the highest yields of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural were up to 35.2% and 49.7% respectively. Furfural could be stable in a tetrahydrofuran medium when adding 5 wt% water in the absence of extra protonic acid. However, furfural production was extremely suppressed after addition of an acidic inorganic salt, which increased the yield of hydroxymethylfurfural. This investigation indicates a simple and feasible method to selectively produce furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural from renewable cellulosic carbohydrates. Several simple and effective solvents combined with Hβ zeolite were tested to selectively convert glucose into furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural in this work.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Longlong Ma
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Qiying Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
| | - Minghong He
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Guangzhou
- China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
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Démolis A, Eternot M, Essayem N, Rataboul F. New Insights into the Reactivity of Biomass with Butenes for the Synthesis of Butyl Levulinates. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2612-2617. [PMID: 28464524 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article reports a detailed study on the reactivity of levulinic acid and cellulose with 1-butene and iso-butene for the catalytic formation of sec- and tert-butyl levulinates. The influence of catalyst type and various solvent conditions have been investigated to assess the potential of a sustainable transformation. A very simple and efficient procedure was discovered by using reusable Amberlyst-15 in the absence of solvent to form, from levulinic acid and iso-butene, tert-butyl levulinate (70 % yield), a compound very difficult to prepare by other means. sec-Butyl levulinate (66 % yield) was obtained by using Amberlyst-15 in γ-butyrolactone as a biosourced solvent. The original procedure was also extended notably by directly using cellulose as a reactant. In the presence of a catalytic amount of H2 SO4 , it was possible to form sec-butyl levulinate (19 % yield) from 1-butene in a more efficient way than by using the alcohol as an esterifying agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Démolis
- CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F-, 69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marion Eternot
- CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F-, 69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nadine Essayem
- CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F-, 69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck Rataboul
- CNRS, UMR 5256, IRCELYON, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F-, 69626, Villeurbanne, France
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Xin H, Zhang T, Li W, Su M, Li S, Shao Q, Ma L. Dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural by combining Lewis and Brønsted acid. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07684c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, glucose was transformed into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) in the presence of AlCl3·6H2O and a Brønsted solid acid catalyst (PTSA–POM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haosheng Xin
- Institute of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei 230022
- China
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Mingxue Su
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Song Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Qun Shao
- Institute of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui Jianzhu University
- Hefei 230022
- China
| | - Longlong Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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