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Sviridenko NN, Akimov AS. Characteristics of products of thermal and catalytic cracking of heavy oil asphaltenes under supercritical water conditions. J Supercrit Fluids 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Catalytic Hydrotreating of Crude Pongamia pinnata Oil to Bio-Hydrogenated Diesel over Sulfided NiMo Catalyst. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15041547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the catalytic activity and stability of Ni-MoS2 supported on γ-Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 toward deoxygenation of different feedstocks, i.e., crude Pongamia pinnata oil (PPO) and refined palm olein (RPO). PPO was used as a renewable feedstock for bio-hydrogenated diesel production via catalytic hydrotreating under a temperature of 330 °C, H2 pressure of 50 bar, WHSV of 1.5 h−1, and H2/oil (v/v) of 1000 cm3/cm3 under continuous operation. The oil yield from a Soxhlet extraction of PPO was up to 26 wt.% on a dry basis, mainly consisting of C18 fatty acids. The catalytic activity in terms of conversion and diesel yield was in the same trend as increasing in the order of NiMo/γ-Al2O3 > NiMo/TiO2 > NiMo/SiO2. The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) activity was more favorable over the sulfided NiMo supported on γ-Al2O3 and TiO2, while a high DCO was observed over the sulfided NiMo/SiO2 catalyst, which related to the properties of the support material and the intensity of metal–support interaction. The deactivation of NiMo/SiO2 and NiMo/TiO2 occurred in a short period, due to the phosphorus and alkali impurities in PPO which were not found in the case of RPO. NiMo/γ-Al2O3 exhibited the high resistance of impure feedstock with excellent stability. This indicates that the catalytic performance is influenced by the purity of the feedstock as well as the characteristics of the catalysts.
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Shi H, Lundin M, Danby A, Go EP, Patil A, Zhou H, Jackson TA, Subramaniam B. Selective ozone activation of phenanthrene in liquid CO2. RSC Adv 2022; 12:626-630. [PMID: 35424516 PMCID: PMC8696549 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06642k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate liquid CO2 (8 °C, 4.4 MPa) as a benign medium to perform safe ozonolysis of phenanthrene at near-ambient temperatures. The ozonolysis products consist of several monomeric oxidation products such as diphenaldehyde, diphenic acid and phenanthrenequinone as well as polymeric structures up to 1130 Da. The observed chemical shifts (1H-6.03 ppm, 13C-104.38 ppm) in 2D-NMR spectra of the products confirm the formation of secondary ozonide. Based on the range of observed products, a Criegee-type mechanism is proposed. The ability to deconstruct phenanthrene and produce oxygenated precursors via this technique is particularly of interest in creating new materials from aromatic moieties. Facile phenanthrene (as a polyaromatic model compound) ozonolysis to oxygenated material precursors has been demonstrated in liquid CO2.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Shi
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Michael Lundin
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Andrew Danby
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Eden P. Go
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Abhimanyu Patil
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, 1545 Rt 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey, 08801, USA
| | - Huaxing Zhou
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, 1545 Rt 22 East, Annandale, New Jersey, 08801, USA
| | - Timothy A. Jackson
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
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Wei N, Xu D, Hao B, Guo S, Guo Y, Wang S. Chemical reactions of organic compounds in supercritical water gasification and oxidation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116634. [PMID: 33290907 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical water is a benign reaction medium to convert organic matters through supercritical water gasification and supercritical water oxidation into flammable gaseous and harmless substances, respectively. This work systematically summarizes main chemical reactions of some typical organic compounds in supercritical water with or without oxidant for the first time. These compounds include hydrocarbons, proteins, cellulose, lignins, phenols, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, and some N-, Cl-, Br-, F-, S- and P-containing organic matters. Their main conversion pathways, reaction processes, intermediate products, final products and influence factors are analyzed deeply. This information helps to understand and predict corresponding reaction mechanisms and to better achieve objective products in supercritical water gasification and supercritical water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wei
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Donghai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China.
| | - Botian Hao
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Shuwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Shuzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
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Ni Z, Zhang C, Wang Z, Zhao S, Fan X, Jia H. Performance and potential mechanism of transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on various iron oxides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123993. [PMID: 33265030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The abiotic transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is significantly impacted by soil components, especially inorganic redox species like iron oxides. In this study, the catalytic activities of three types of iron oxides in PAHs degradation without light irradiation were evaluated using a combination of experimental techniques. The results showed that α-Fe2O3 possessed the highest transformation rate for anthracene (ANT), with a reaction rate constant (Kobs) up to 0.28 d-1, followed by Fe3O4 (Kobs = 0.06 d-1) and α-FeOOH (Kobs = 0.06 d-1). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization suggested that α-Fe2O3 had the highest oxygen vacancy concentration, which was conducive to the adsorption of O2 by α-Fe2O3, providing sufficient adsorbed oxygen species. Oxygen vacancy contributed to the exposure of Fe(III), and accordingly, more active sites were created that were responsible for ANT degradation. According to these results, two possible pathways for the degradation of PAHs on iron oxides can be concluded: (1) direct oxidation by Fe(III) and (2) oxidation by the O2•- generated onto oxygen vacancies. This study provides significant insights into the environmental fate of PAHs on iron oxides, and raises the possibility that iron oxides may be used as catalytic materials in the remediation PAHs-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ni
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Song Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyun Fan
- Jinan University, School of Environment, Guangdong Province Key Lab Environment Pollution & Health, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Hamidi R, Khoshbin R, Karimzadeh R. A new approach for synthesis of well-crystallized Y zeolite from bentonite and rice husk ash used in Ni-Mo/Al2O3-Y hybrid nanocatalyst for hydrocracking of heavy oil. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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In-Situ Heavy Oil Aquathermolysis in the Presence of Nanodispersed Catalysts Based on Transition Metals. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquathermolysis process is widely considered to be one of the most promising approaches of in-situ upgrading of heavy oil. It is well known that introduction of metal ions speeds up the aquathermolysis reactions. There are several types of catalysts such as dispersed (heterogeneous), water-soluble and oil soluble catalysts, among which oil-soluble catalysts are attracting considerable interest in terms of efficiency and industrial scale implementation. However, the rock minerals of reservoir rocks behave like catalysts; their influence is small in contrast to the introduced metal ions. It is believed that catalytic aquathermolysis process initiates with the destruction of C-S bonds, which are very heat-sensitive and behave like a trigger for the following reactions such as ring opening, hydrogenation, reforming, water–gas shift and desulfurization reactions. Hence, the asphaltenes are hydrocracked and the viscosity of heavy oil is reduced significantly. Application of different hydrogen donors in combination with catalysts (catalytic complexes) provides a synergetic effect on viscosity reduction. The use of catalytic complexes in pilot and field tests showed the heavy oil viscosity reduction, increase in the content of light hydrocarbons and decrease in heavy fractions, as well as sulfur content. Hence, the catalytic aquathermolysis process as a distinct process can be applied as a successful method to enhance oil recovery. The objective of this study is to review all previously published lab scale and pilot experimental data, various reaction schemes and field observations on the in-situ catalytic aquathermolysis process.
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Daud ARM, Berrueco C, Hellgardt K, Millan M, Kandiyoti R. Oxidative cracking of three to five-member ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in subcritical and supercritical water. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Shin S, Jin JH, Jung J. Thermolytic dehydrogenation of cotton-structured SiO2-Ammonia borane nanocomposite. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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