1
|
Casu F, Watson AM, Yost J, Gaylord TG, Bearden DW, Denson MR. Evaluation of a hepatic biomarker of nutritional imbalance in juvenile red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus) fed 60% soybean meal-based diets using NMR-based metabolomics. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:45-61. [PMID: 38144431 PMCID: PMC10746370 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
A 12-week feeding trial with juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) fed high-soybean meal (SBM) diets was conducted to investigate a putative biomarker of nutritional imbalance, N-formimino-L-glutamate (FIGLU). Three fishmeal-free, 60% SBM pelleted diets (named B12, Fol, and Met, respectively) were tested to evaluate the effects on growth performance and tissue metabolite profiles of supplementation of vitamin B12 (0.012 mg/kg), folate (10 mg/kg), methionine (1 g/kg) respectively, above basal supplementation levels. A fourth SBM-based diet (named B12/Fol/Met) was formulated with a combination of B12, folate, and methionine to attain the above-mentioned target concentrations. A fifth 60% SBM diet (named FWS) with methionine supplementation (1 g/kg above basal supplementation levels), enriched with taurine, lysine and threonine as well as minerals, was also tested. This diet contained formulation targets and additives which have allowed for replacing fishmeal with plant proteins in rainbow trout feeds. Control diets included a fishmeal-based diet (named FM), an unsupplemented basal 60% SBM diet (named SBM60), and a "natural" diet (named N) made up of equal parts of fish (cigar minnows), squid and shrimp as a positive reference for growth performance. Formulated feeds contained approximately 37% total crude protein, approximately 14% total crude lipid and were energetically balanced. Standard growth performance metrics were measured, and tissues (liver, muscle) were collected at week 12 to evaluate diet-induced metabolic changes using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. Our results show that the FWS diet outperformed all other SBM diets and the FM diet under all performance metrics (P < 0.05). FIGLU was not detected in fish fed the N diet but was detected in those fed the SBM diets and the FM diet. Fish fed the FWS diet and the Met diet showed lower hepatic levels of FIGLU compared with the other SBM-based diets (P < 0.05), suggesting that among the different supplementation regimes, methionine supplementation was associated with lower FIGLU levels. The FWS diet produced tissue metabolite profiles that were more similar to those of fish fed the N diet. Based on our results, the FWS diet constitutes a promising SBM-based alternative diet to fishmeal for red drum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Casu
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Aaron M. Watson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Justin Yost
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - T. Gibson Gaylord
- Bozeman Fish Technology Center, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 4050 Bridger Canyon Road, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Daniel W. Bearden
- Marine Biochemical Sciences Group, Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Michael R. Denson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amoah K, Dong XH, Tan BP, Zhang S, Chi SY, Yang QH, Liu HY, Yan XB, Yang YZ, Zhang H. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals the Key Potential Biomarkers for Castor Meal-Induced Enteritis in Juvenile Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂). Front Nutr 2022; 9:847425. [PMID: 35811940 PMCID: PMC9261911 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intensification of aquaculture to help kerb global food security issues has led to the quest for more economical new protein-rich ingredients for the feed-based aquaculture since fishmeal (FM, the ingredient with the finest protein and lipid profile) is losing its acceptability due to high cost and demand. Although very high in protein, castor meal (CM), a by-product after oil-extraction, is disposed-off due to the high presence of toxins. Concurrently, the agro-industrial wastes’ consistent production and disposal are of utmost concern; however, having better nutritional profiles of these wastes can lead to their adoption. This study was conducted to identify potential biomarkers of CM-induced enteritis in juvenile hybrid-grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) alongside their growth and distal intestinal (DI) health evaluation. A total of 360 fish (initial weight = 9.13 ± 0.01g) were randomly assigned into three groups, namely, fish-meal (FM) (control), 4% CM (CM4), and 20% CM (CM20). After the 56-days feeding-trial, the DI tissues of FM, CM4, and CM20 groups were collected for metabolomics analysis. Principal components analysis and partial least-squares discriminant-analysis (PLS-DA, used to differentiate the CM20 and CM4, from the FM group with satisfactory explanation and predictive ability) were used to analyze the UPLC-MS data. The results revealed a significant improvement in the growth, DI immune responses and digestive enzyme activities, and DI histological examinations in the CM4 group than the others. Nonetheless, CM20 replacement caused DI physiological damage and enteritis in grouper as shown by AB-PAS staining and scanning electron microscopy examinations, respectively. The most influential metabolites in DI contents identified as the potential biomarkers in the positive and negative modes using the metabolomics UPLC-MS profiles were 28 which included five organoheterocyclic compounds, seven lipids, and lipid-like molecules, seven organic oxygen compounds, two benzenoids, five organic acids and derivatives, one phenylpropanoids and polyketides, and one from nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues superclass. The present study identified a broad array of DI tissue metabolites that differed between FM and CM diets, which provides a valuable reference for further managing fish intestinal health issues. A replacement level of 4% is recommended based on the growth and immunity of fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-hui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-hui Dong,
| | - Bei-ping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shu-yan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qi-hui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hong-yu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-bo Yan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuan-zhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
An NMR-Based Metabolomics Assessment of the Effect of Combinations of Natural Feed Items on Juvenile Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of seven diets composed of natural feed components (chopped fish, shrimp, and squid) alone or in combination on the liver metabolite profile of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) cultured in a 24-tank recirculating aquaculture system over the course of 12 weeks using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. Experimental diets included fish (F), shrimp (SH), squid (SQ), fish and shrimp (FSH), fish and squid (FSQ), shrimp and squid (SHSQ), fish, shrimp, and squid (FSHSQ). A commercial fishmeal-based pelleted diet was used as a control. Fish were fed isocalorically. Red drum liver samples were collected at five different time points: T0, before the start of the trial (n = 12), and subsequently every 3 weeks over the course of 12 weeks (T3, T6, T9, T12), with n = 9 fish/diet/time point. Polar liver extracts were analyzed by NMR-based metabolomics. Multivariate statistical analyses (PCA, PLS-DA) revealed that red drum fed the F diet had a distinct liver metabolite profile from fish fed the other diets, with those fed SH, SQ and the combination diets displaying greater similarities in their metabolome. Results show that 19 metabolites changed significantly among the different dietary treatments, including amino acids and amino acid derivatives, quaternary amines and methylamines, carbohydrates and phospholipids. Specifically, γ-butyrobetaine, N-formimino-L-glutamate (FIGLU), sarcosine and beta-alanine were among the most discriminating metabolites. Significant correlations were found between metabolites and six growth performance parameters (final body weight, total length, condition factor, liver weight, hepatosomatic index, and eviscerated weight). Metabolites identified in this study constitute potential candidates for supplementation in fish feeds for aquaculture and optimization of existing formulations. Additionally, we identified a quaternary amine, γ-butyrobetaine as a potential biomarker of shrimp consumption in red drum. These results warrant further investigation and biomarker validation and have the potential for broader applicability outside of the aquaculture field in future investigations in wild red drum populations and potentially other carnivorous marine fishes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Roques S, Deborde C, Richard N, Marchand Y, Larroquet L, Prigent S, Skiba-Cassy S, Moing A, Fauconneau B. Proton-NMR Metabolomics of Rainbow Trout Fed a Plant-Based Diet Supplemented with Graded Levels of a Protein-Rich Yeast Fraction Reveal Several Metabolic Processes Involved in Growth. J Nutr 2020; 150:2268-2277. [PMID: 32805000 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant raw materials are commonly used in aquafeeds, as marine resources are unsustainable. However, full plant-based diets lead to poorer fish growth performance. OBJECTIVE We aimed to understand the metabolic effects of a yeast fraction as a protein supplement in a plant-based diet and to integrate such effects with phenotypic traits as a new approach to assess the interest of this raw material. METHODS Juvenile (49 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed graded levels of a yeast protein-rich fraction (5% YST05, 10% YST10, 15% YST15) in a plant-based diet (PB) for 84 d. Final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes were measured. Plasma, liver, and muscle 1H-NMR fingerprints were analyzed with principal component analyses, and their metabolite patterns were clustered according to the yeast level to identify concomitant metabolic effects. A regression modeling approach was used to predict tissue metabolite changes from plasma fingerprints. RESULTS In tissues, the patterns of metabolite changes followed either linear trends with the gradual inclusion of a yeast fraction (2 patterns out of 6 in muscle, 1 in liver) or quadratic trends (4 patterns in muscle, 5 in liver). Muscle aspartate and glucose (395 and 138% maximum increase in relative content compared with PB, respectively) revealing modification in energy metabolism, as well as modification of liver betaine (163% maximum increase) and muscle histidine (57% maximum decrease) related functions, indicates that the yeast fraction could improve growth in several ways. The highest correlation between measured and predicted metabolite intensities in a tissue based on plasma fingerprints was observed for betaine in liver (r = 0.80). CONCLUSIONS These findings herald a new approach to assess the plurality of metabolic effects induced by diets and establish the optimal level of raw materials. They open the way for using plasma as a noninvasive matrix in trout nutrition studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Roques
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France.,Phileo by Lesaffre, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France.,PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018, Bordeaux Metabolome Facility (doi: 10.15454/1.5572412770331912E12), MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018, Bordeaux Metabolome Facility (doi: 10.15454/1.5572412770331912E12), MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France.,INRAE, Univ Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Larroquet
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- INRAE, Univ Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| | - Annick Moing
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018, Bordeaux Metabolome Facility (doi: 10.15454/1.5572412770331912E12), MetaboHUB, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France.,INRAE, Univ Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, Centre INRAE de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Benoit Fauconneau
- INRAE, Univ Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roques S, Deborde C, Guimas L, Marchand Y, Richard N, Jacob D, Skiba-Cassy S, Moing A, Fauconneau B. Integrative Metabolomics for Assessing the Effect of Insect ( Hermetia illucens) Protein Extract on Rainbow Trout Metabolism. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10030083. [PMID: 32120848 PMCID: PMC7143670 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10030083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition of high trophic species in aquaculture is faced with the development of sustainable plant-based diets. Insects seem particularly promising for supplementing plant-based diets. However, the complex effect of whole insect meal on fish metabolism is not well understood, and even less is known about insect meal extracts. The purpose of this work was to decipher the metabolic utilization of a plant-based diet supplemented with the gradual addition of an insect protein extract (insect hydrolysate at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%). 1H-NMR profiling was used to assess metabolites in experimental diets and in fish plasma, liver and muscle. A significant dose-dependent increase in growth and feed efficiency with increasing insect extract amounts was observed. The incremental incorporation of the insect extract in diet had a significant and progressive impact on the profile of dietary soluble compounds and trout metabolome. The metabolites modulated by dietary insect extracts in plasma and tissues were involved in protein and energy metabolism. This was associated with the efficient metabolic use of dietary free amino acids toward protein synthesis through the concomitant supply of balanced free amino acids and energy substrates in muscle. The findings provide new insights into how the dietary food metabolome affects fish metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Roques
- INRAE, University Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR NuMeA Nutrition, Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France; (S.R.); (S.S.-C.); (B.F.)
- Phileo by Lesaffre, F-59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France;
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018 Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (C.D.); (D.J.)
| | - Catherine Deborde
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018 Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (C.D.); (D.J.)
- INRAE, University Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Jacob
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018 Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (C.D.); (D.J.)
- INRAE, University Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, University Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR NuMeA Nutrition, Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France; (S.R.); (S.S.-C.); (B.F.)
| | - Annick Moing
- PMB-Metabolome, INRAE, 2018 Bordeaux Metabolome Facility, MetaboHUB, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (C.D.); (D.J.)
- INRAE, University Bordeaux, UMR Fruit Biology and Pathology, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-5-57-12-25-28
| | - Benoit Fauconneau
- INRAE, University Pau & Pays Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR NuMeA Nutrition, Metabolism and Aquaculture, F-64310 Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France; (S.R.); (S.S.-C.); (B.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Watson AM, Napolitano MP, Schock TB, Bowden JA, Frost J, Yost J, Denson MR. Evaluation of graded levels of soy oil as a fish oil replacement in high soy protein feeds for juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. AQUACULTURE (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 529:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735627. [PMID: 33363294 PMCID: PMC7754711 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A 9-week feeding trial was conducted with juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, to evaluate the use of soy oil as a fish oil replacement. Three primary protein sources (fishmeal - FM, soybean meal - SBM, and soy protein concentrate - SPC) were utilized with 100% fish oil (FM, SBM, SPC), 75% fish oil (SBM, SPC), or 50% fish oil (FM, SBM, SPC) as the lipid source. Traditional growth and performance metrics (specific growth rate, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio) were tracked and tissue samples (liver, muscle, plasma, adipose, and brain) were collected for gas chromatography-based fatty acid profiling. Ten lipid metabolism related genes were analyzed for potential expression differences between dietary treatments in liver and muscle tissues and whole body and fillet tissues were sampled for proximate composition analyses. Forty- four fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and evaluated with principle component analysis and ANOVA to understand the dietary influence on lipid metabolism and health. Significant differences in growth rate were observed with the SBM 50% fish oil diet outperforming the FM 100% fish oil reference diet. All other soy protein-based diets performed statistically equivalent to both FM reference diets (100% and 50% fish oil) in regard to growth, however all soy protein-based formulations had significantly lower feed conversion ratios than the fishmeal-based references (p < .001). Gene expression differences were not significant in most cases, however often trended similarly as the observed performance. Fatty acid profiles differed as a function of oil source, with no apparent influence by protein source, with C18:2n-6 (linoleic acid) being-the primary differentiator. Overall, the six soy protein, fishmeal-free formulations performed equivalently or better than the fishmeal references with up to 50% of fish oil replaced by soybean oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Watson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
- Corresponding author at: South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States of America. (A.M. Watson)
| | - Michael P. Napolitano
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Tracey B. Schock
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - John A. Bowden
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Jason Frost
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Hagerman Fish Culture Experiment Station, 3059F National Fish Hatchery Road, Hagerman, ID 83332, USA
| | - Justin Yost
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Michael R. Denson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rise ML, Martyniuk CJ, Chen M. Comparative physiology and aquaculture: Toward Omics-enabled improvement of aquatic animal health and sustainable production. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 31:100603. [PMID: 31260856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Omics-technologies have revolutionized biomedical research over the past two decades, and are now poised to play a transformative role in aquaculture. This article serves as an introduction to a Virtual Special Issue of Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D: Genomics and Proteomics (CBPD), with the objective to showcase the state-of-the-science for Omics in aquaculture. In this editorial, we describe the role that Omics can play in aquaculture, and provide a synopsis for each of the Special Issue articles that use these technologies to improve aquaculture practices. Current genomic resources available for some aquaculture species are also described. The number of datasets is impressive for species such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout, totaling in the thousands (NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus and Sequence Read Archive). We present a conceptual framework that describes how Omics can be leveraged to understand complex responses of aquatic animals in culture for relevant physiological outcomes, such as fecundity, growth, and immunity. Lastly, knowledge gaps and new directions are identified to address current obstacles in aquaculture. Articles in this Special Issue on aquaculture in CBPD highlight the diversity and scope of Omics in aquaculture. As the technology becomes more cost-effective, it is anticipated that genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics will play increasingly important roles in stock diagnostics (e.g. genetics, health, performance). The timing is right, as global concerns are reaching critical levels over food availability/security and water restrictions for humankind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1 Marine Lab Road, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Muyan Chen
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Watson AM, Casu F, Bearden DW, Yost J, Denson MR, Gaylord TG, Anderson P, Sandifer PA, Leffler JW, Barrows FT. Investigation of graded levels of soybean meal diets for red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, using quantitative PCR derived biomarkers. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 29:274-285. [PMID: 30654235 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted to examine potential metabolic and gene expression changes that occur in juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, fed diets with increasing soybean meal inclusion. Significant reduction in fish performance characteristics (feed consumption, weight gain, final weight) was observed within the soybean meal based diets as soybean meal level increased (R, linear regression); however, all soybean meal based diets performed statistically equivalent in regards to performance characteristics (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, condition factor, etc.) to a commercial (45% crude protein and 16% crude lipid) reference diet (R, ANOVA). To better understand the underlying physiological responses and metabolic changes driving performance differences, traditional aquaculture metrics were paired with high throughput -omics techniques. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics data and RNA transcript abundance differences observed in liver tissue were utilized to select multiple sets of genes to target with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), both for pathway activity validation and as rapid and accessible biomarkers of performance as a result of soybean meal. Genes selected based on the metabolic pathways most affected by soybean meal level corroborate the metabolite profile and performance data indicating an increase in gluconeogenic precursor production as soybean meal increased. The metabolomic and gene expression tools utilized in our study present a novel framework for diet and fish health evaluation that may provide more rapid and improved techniques for evaluating dietary manipulations and improving production of juvenile fish on alternative feeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Watson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
| | - Fabio Casu
- Marine Biochemical Sciences Group, Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Daniel W Bearden
- Marine Biochemical Sciences Group, Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Justin Yost
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Michael R Denson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - T Gibson Gaylord
- Bozeman Fish Technology Center, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 4050 Bridger Canyon Road, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA
| | - Paul Anderson
- College of Charleston, c/o Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Paul A Sandifer
- College of Charleston, c/o Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - John W Leffler
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Frederic T Barrows
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Hagerman Fish Culture Experiment Station, 3059F National Fish Hatchery Road, Hagerman, ID 83332, USA
| |
Collapse
|