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Zhang H, Sun F, Zhang W, Gao X, Du L, Yun X, Li Y, Li L, Pang B, Tan Y. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2177. [PMID: 38136998 PMCID: PMC10742598 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a pest species with serious outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian grasslands in recent years, and its larvae and eggs are extremely cold-tolerant. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of its cold-tolerant stress response, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly of G. daurica via RNA-Seq and compared the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of first- and second-instar larvae grown and developed indoors and outdoors, respectively. The results show that cold tolerance in G. daurica is associated with changes in gene expression mainly involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with the control group (indoor), the genes associated with gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and HSP production were up-regulated in the larvae grown and developed outdoors. While the changes in these genes were related to the physiological metabolism and growth of insects, it was hypothesized that the proteins encoded by these genes play an important role in cold tolerance in insects. In addition, we also investigated the expression of genes related to the metabolic pathway of HSPs, and the results show that the HSP-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the larvae of G. daurica grown and developed outdoors compared with the indoor control group. Finally, we chose to induce significant expression differences in the Hsp70 gene (Hsp70A1, Hsp70-2 and Hsp70-3) via RNAi to further illustrate the role of heat stress proteins in cold tolerance on G. daurica larvae. The results show that separate and mixed injections of dsHSP70A1, dsHsp70-2 and dsHsp70-3 significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes in G. daurica larvae. The super-cooling point (SCP) and the body fluid freezing point (FP) of the test larvae were determined after RNAi using the thermocouple method, and it was found that silencing the Hsp70 genes significantly increased the SCP and FP of G. daurica larvae, which validated the role of heat shock proteins in the cold resistance of G. daurica larvae. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for further excavating the key genes and proteins in response to extremely cold environments and analyzing the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in insects in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Feilong Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China;
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010020, China
| | - Lei Du
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (L.D.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaopeng Yun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (L.D.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Baoping Pang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Yao Tan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (H.Z.); (F.S.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.L.); (B.P.)
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolian Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China;
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Li W, Wu X, Hu T, Liu L, Wang S, Song L. The role of cytochrome P450 3A2 and 4V2 in response to high-temperature stress in Tetranychus truncatus (Acari: Tetranychidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2023; 91:263-277. [PMID: 37749457 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is an important factor influencing the physiological activities of agricultural pests. Therefore, understanding pest physiological activities and the molecular response to high-temperature stress is of paramount importance for pest management. Tetranychus truncatus Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a harmful organism, that may cause serious harm to crops such as corn and cotton in high-temperature environments. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is induced by high-temperature stress, and it plays an important role in the resistance of spider mites to high temperatures. Because of their role in high-temperature tolerance, the cytochrome P450 genes of the spider mite are attracting more and more attention. In this study, we identified and analyzed CYP450 genes in T. truncatus to investigate their potential roles in growth and development and the resistance to high-temperature stress. Based on phylogenetic and structural analyses, we identified 17 CYP450 genes in T. truncatus. RNA-seq and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed differential expression patterns of these genes at different developmental stages and levels of high-temperature stress resistance. The RNA interference results of selected CYP450 showed that when TtCYP3A2 and TtCYP4V2 were silenced by feeding on dsRNA, respectively, the high-temperature resistance of T. truncatus was decreased, which indicated that the expression of these two CYP450 genes in this species may be related to high-temperature tolerance. Our results provide potential evidence for the response of spider mites to high-temperature stress and help to improve the understanding of T. truncatus's ability to resist high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Li
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Tieyuan Hu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Senshan Wang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liwen Song
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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