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Аrbаin D, Saputri GA, Syahputra GS, Widiyastuti Y, Susanti D, Taher M. Genus Pterocarpus: A review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities, and clinical evidence. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114316. [PMID: 34116190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Pterocarpus (Fabaceae) has about 46 species that are distributed over Asia, especially Indonesia, Africa, and several countries in America. Particularly, P. indicus and P. santalinus have been recorded as ancestor recipe in the old Indonesian book (Cabe puyang warisan nenek moyang). These plants have found application in traditional medicine, such as in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, gonorrhoea, infection, coughs, mouth ulcers, boils, diarrhoea, as well as in the management of pain (as an analgesic). AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aimed to comprehensively summarise the current researches on the traditional and scientific applications of the genus Pterocarpus with regard to the phytochemical content, in vivo and in vitro bioactivities, as well as clinical evidence that may be useful for future drug development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information about the Pterocarpus genus were obtained from local classic herbal literature and electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The scientific name of the species and its synonyms were checked with the information of The Plant List. Additionally, clinical trial results were obtained from the Cochrane library. RESULTS Several phytochemical constituents of the plants, e.g., flavonoids, isoflavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids have been reported. There are about 11 species of Pterocarpus that have been scientifically studied for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, analgesic, and anti-hyperglycemic. Of which, the anti-hyperglycemic activity of the extracts and phytochemicals of P. indicus and P. marsupium is particularly remarkable, allowing them to be further studied under clinical trial. CONCLUSION The present review has provided an insight into the traditional applications of the plants and some of them have been validated by scientific evidence, particularly their applications as anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. In addition, the genus has demonstrated notable anti-diabetic activity in various clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dаyаr Аrbаin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jakarta, 14350, Indonesia.
| | - Gita Ayu Saputri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jakarta, 14350, Indonesia.
| | | | - Yuli Widiyastuti
- Medicinal Plant and Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Jl. Raya Lawu 11, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java, 57792, Indonesia.
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Malaysia.
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Dahat Y, Saha P, Mathew JT, Chaudhary SK, Srivastava AK, Kumar D. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological attributes of Pterocarpus santalinus and future directions: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114127. [PMID: 33915135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pterocarpus santalinus, an ancient folk medicine, is endemic to the eastern ghats of south India, and the heartwood is prescribed since time immemorial for the mitigation of inflammatory disorders in traditional practice and ayurvedic system of medicines. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide collective pieces of information of the traditional uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological facets of P. santalinus, with an intuition for promoting future research to explore its pharmaceutical potential as a therapeutic agent against modern maladies. MATERIAL AND METHODS Extensive literature search was performed to collate the data by using various electronic search engines. A network pharmacology-based approach is incorporated for validation of traditional claims orbiting around anti-inflammatory properties and directed its future exploration against obesity, ovarian inflammation, ovarian folliculogenesis, and inflammatory breast cancer. RESULTS In a nutshell, the present review encompasses the phytochemistry, pharmacology of this species intending to sensitize the scientific community for future research on this promising plant. Nearly 85 chemical constituents are reported from the plants wherein bark and leaves are enriched with the lupane and oleanane class of triterpene while sesquiterpenes and polyphenolic compounds are predominantly present in the heartwood of the plant. Although phytochemical investigations are being reported since the mid-twentieth century however there has been recent interest in the evaluation of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-viral, etc. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, a systematic phytochemical analysis and pharmacological exploration in close collaboration for establishing the therapeutic potential of the chemical constituents present in P. santalinus is recommended to substantiate the traditional claims for bringing it into the mainstream pharmaceutical and commercial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Dahat
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | - J T Mathew
- West Bengal Forest Department, Kolkata, India
| | - Sushil K Chaudhary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Mussoorie-Diversion Road, Makkawala, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India; Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India.
| | - Amit K Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), 4, Raja SC Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.
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Piper betle: Augmented Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Its In-vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment on HeLa and HEK293 Cells. J CLUST SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gao W, Lin P, Hwang E, Wang Y, Yan Z, Ngo HTT, Yi TH. Pterocarpus santalinus L. Regulated Ultraviolet B Irradiation-induced Procollagen Reduction and Matrix Metalloproteinases Expression Through Activation of TGF-β/Smad and Inhibition of the MAPK/AP-1 Pathway in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 94:139-149. [PMID: 28858391 DOI: 10.1111/php.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage human skin and prematurely cause aging. A growing body of research is focusing on considering plants and plant-derived compounds as antiphotoaging therapeutic material. Pterocarpus santalinus L., as an Indian traditional medicine, possesses antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Here, we studied the antiphotoaging effects of ethanolic extract of P. santalinus L. heartwood (EPS) on ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). Results showed that EPS significantly inhibited the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and IL-6 caused by UVB irradiation, and suppressed UVB-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase and p38, as well as the activation of AP-1 transcription factors. Further study indicated that UVB-induced production of MMP-1 and IL-6 could be inhibited by PD 98059 (an ERK inhibitor) and SP600125 (A JNK inhibitor), implied that EPS inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 and IL-6 secretion by inactivating MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, EPS possessed an excellent antioxidant activity, which could increase cytoprotective antioxidants such as HO-1, NQ-O1 expression by facilitating the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2. Treatment of NHDFs with EPS also recovered UVB-induced procollagen type I reduction by activating TGF-β/Smad pathway. These findings demonstrated that EPS had a potential effect against UVB-induced skin photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Eunson Hwang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yushuai Wang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Zhengfei Yan
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hien T T Ngo
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Tae-Hoo Yi
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Dhande PP, Gupta AO, Jain S, Dawane JS. Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Topical Formulations of Pterocarpus Santalinus Powder in Rat Model of Chronic Inflammation. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:FF01-FF04. [PMID: 28892928 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25081.10257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of arthritis is quite high and there is a need for the search of natural products to halt the progression of disease or provide symptomatic relief without significant adverse effects. AIM This study aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of topical Pterocarpus santalinus in an animal model of chronic inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Albino rats of either sex were divided into five groups of six rats each (Group I - Control, Group II -Gel base, Group III -P. santalinus paste, Group IV -P. santalinus gel, Group V- Diclofenac gel). Chronic inflammation was induced on day 0 by injecting 0.1 ml Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) in sub-plantar tissue of left hind paw of the rats. Topical treatment was started from day 12 till day 28. Body weight and paw volume (Plethysmometer) were assessed on day 0, 12 and 28. Pain assessment was done using Randall and Selitto paw withdrawal method. Data was analysed using GraphPad Prism version 5. Unpaired students t-test and ANOVA followed by Tukey's test was used for comparison among groups. RESULTS Only topical P.santalinus gel significantly reduced the body weight (p=0.02) due to reduction in inflammatory oedema of the left limb. P. santalinus gel also showed significant reduction (p=0.03) in paw volume of rats compared to the other groups. There was significant reduction in pain threshold (gm/sec) due to chronic inflammation, with all the study drugs (p<0.05) but with P. santalinus gel, this reduction was less (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Gel showed significant anti-inflammatory and mild analgesic activity on topical application in rat model of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Pravin Dhande
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit O Gupta
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sourav Jain
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jayshree Shriram Dawane
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Keshavamurthy M, Srinath BS, Rai VR. Phytochemicals-mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Pterocarpus santalinus L. (Red Sanders) bark extract and their antimicrobial properties. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2017.1302533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Keshavamurthy
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - B. S. Srinath
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - V. Ravishankar Rai
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
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Nephro-protective action of P. santalinus against alcohol-induced biochemical alterations and oxidative damage in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:740-746. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Bulle S, Reddyvari H, Nallanchakravarthula V, Vaddi DR. Therapeutic Potential of Pterocarpus santalinus L.: An Update. Pharmacogn Rev 2016; 10:43-9. [PMID: 27041873 PMCID: PMC4791987 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.176575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently there has been increasing interest in plants and plant-derived compounds as raw food and medicinal agents. In Ayurveda, an Indian system of traditional medicine, a wide spectrum of medicinal properties of Pterocarpus santalinus is described. Many important bioactive phytocompounds have been extracted and identified from the heartwood of P. santalinus. Bioactive compounds typically occur in small amounts and have more subtle effects than nutrients. These bioactive compounds influence cellular activities that modify the risk of disease rather than prevent deficiency diseases. A wide array of biological activities and potential health benefits of P. santalinus have been reported, including antioxidative, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, and protective effects on the liver, gastric mucosa, and nervous system. All these protective effects were attributed to bioactive compounds present in P. santalinus. The major bioactive compounds present in the heartwood of P. santalinus are santalin A and B, savinin, calocedrin, pterolinus K and L, and pterostilbenes. The bioactive compounds have potentially important health benefits: These compounds can act as antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors and inducers, inhibitors of receptor activities, and inducers and inhibitors of gene expression, among other actions. The present review aims to understand the pharmacological effects of P. santalinus on health and disease with "up-to-date" discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradamma Bulle
- Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Damodara Reddy Vaddi
- Department of Biochemistry, Oil Technological Research Institute, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Jung K, Jeon JS, Ahn MJ, Kim CY, Kim J. PREPARATIVE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM PTEROCARPUS SANTALINUS USING CENTRIFUGAL PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.633680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiwon Jung
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Je-Seung Jeon
- b College of Pharmacy , Hangyang University , Ansan , Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- c College of Pharmacy , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , Korea
| | - Chul Young Kim
- b College of Pharmacy , Hangyang University , Ansan , Korea
| | - Jinwoong Kim
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
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Anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activity of the extract from Alhagi maurorum (camelthorn). Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2785-90. [PMID: 20633591 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gastric hyperacidity, gastro inflammation and ulcer are very common diseases causing human suffering these days. Gastric irritation mechanism is still very poorly understood as mentioned in many scientific articles. Alhagi maurorum (camelthorn) is considered a medicinal plant with its prospective potent flavonoids. GC-MS spectrum has found three flavone structures (2-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone derivatives) with rate more than 50% in the ethanolic plant extract. In rat experiment, ethanolic A. maurorum extract (oral daily 100mg/kg body weight) and ranitidine the standard ulcer drug (oral daily 100mg/kg body weight) were treated rats to protect against administration of aspirin ASP (oral 200mg/kg body weight) for two times through the 10 days. Some rats were sacrificed after first and second aspirin administrations and the rest were sacrificed in the end of the experiment. Gastro fluid volume has been decreased in ASP group, and acid output was decreased for plant extract followed by ranitidine. Ranitidine and plant extract protect liver enzymes, oxidation status (MDA and GSH), fucosidase tumor marker and risk lipid ratio. No ulcer patterns have been shown in the histopathological study, but some inflammation in the gastric wall and vascular change dilatation of blood vessels were detected. More studies should be demonstrated potent natural plant extracts and their active components against gastro inflammation and ulcers.
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Nutrition and metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2009; 20:63-72. [PMID: 19106709 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0b013e32832402a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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