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Song K, Rajasekaran N, Chelakkot C, Lee HS, Paek SM, Yang H, Jia L, Park HG, Son WS, Kim YJ, Choi JS, Jeong HM, Suh YG, Yun H, Shin YK. Macrosphelide A Exhibits a Specific Anti-Cancer Effect by Simultaneously Inactivating ENO1, ALDOA, and FH. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101060. [PMID: 34681284 PMCID: PMC8541406 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, also known as the Warburg effect, is an indispensable hallmark of cancer. This metabolic adaptation of cancer cells makes them remarkably different from normal cells; thus, inhibiting aerobic glycolysis is an attractive strategy to specifically target tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Macrosphelide A (MSPA), an organic small molecule, is a potential lead compound for the design of anti-cancer drugs. However, its role in modulating cancer metabolism remains poorly understood. MSPA target proteins were screened using mass spectrometry proteomics combined with affinity chromatography. Direct and specific interactions of MSPA with its candidate target proteins were confirmed by in vitro binding assays, competition assays, and simulation modeling. The siRNA-based knockdown of MSPA target proteins indirectly confirmed the cytotoxic effect of MSPA in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells. In addition, we showed that MSPA treatment in the HEPG2 cell line significantly reduced glucose consumption and lactate release. MSPA also inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by inhibiting critical enzymes involved in the Warburg effect: aldolase A (ALDOA), enolase 1 (ENO1), and fumarate hydratase (FH). Among these enzymes, the purified ENO1 inhibitory potency of MSPA was further confirmed to demonstrate the direct inhibition of enzyme activity to exclude indirect/secondary factors. In summary, MSPA exhibits anti-cancer effects by simultaneously targeting ENO1, ALDOA, and FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea;
| | - Nirmal Rajasekaran
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (N.R.); (H.S.L.); (H.Y.)
| | | | - Hun Seok Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (N.R.); (H.S.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Seung-Mann Paek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Hobin Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (N.R.); (H.S.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Hee Geon Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Woo Sung Son
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon-si 13496, Korea; (W.S.S.); (Y.-G.S.)
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03063, Korea;
| | - Joon-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Hayang-ro 13-13, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Korea;
| | | | - Young-Ger Suh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon-si 13496, Korea; (W.S.S.); (Y.-G.S.)
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (Y.K.S.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2810 (H.Y.); +82-2-880-9187 (Y.K.S.)
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (N.R.); (H.S.L.); (H.Y.)
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (Y.K.S.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2810 (H.Y.); +82-2-880-9187 (Y.K.S.)
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Mitsuhashi Y, Furusawa Y, Aradate T, Zhao QL, Moniruzzaman R, Kanamori M, Noguchi K, Kondo T. 3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-alphitolic acid, a triterpenoid from Zizyphus jujuba, leads to apoptotic cell death in human leukemia cells through reactive oxygen species production and activation of the unfolded protein response. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183712. [PMID: 28832644 PMCID: PMC5568338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-alphitolic acid (3OTPCA), a triterpenoid isolated from the plant Zizyphus jujuba (ZJ), is known to be cytotoxic to cancer cells; however, the molecular mechanism underlying 3OTPCA-induced cell death remains unknown. Here, we provide novel evidence that 3OTPCA induces apoptotic cell death in human leukemia cells. We found that 3OPTCA induces DNA fragmentation within 24 h after treatment in U937 cells, which was also observed in other leukemia cell lines, including Molt-4 and Jurkat cells. We then investigated other parameters involved in apoptosis, including phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 cleavage in U937 cells treated with 3OTPCA. 3OTPCA caused significant DNA fragmentation, annexin-V binding, and caspase-3 cleavage, indicating that 3OTPCA exerts cytotoxicity through apoptosis induction. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the expression of transcripts associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR), such as spliced XBP-1 and CHOP, were up-regulated by 3OTPCA treatment. 3OTPCA-induced UPR activation may be due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress because both 3OTPCA and thapsigargin, an endoplasmic Ca2+ transport ATPase inhibitor, increased intracellular calcium levels. 3OTPCA down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, a target of CHOP, and led to the loss of the mitochondrial membrane, indicating that the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway was triggered by 3OTPCA, likely through UPR activation. Furthermore, we found that 3OTPCA induced superoxide anion generation and, following p38 MAPK phosphorylation, caspase-8 cleavage without affecting Fas expression. It also induced subsequent Bid cleavage, which may enhance the apoptosis triggered by the intrinsic pathway. These findings reveal for the first time that 3OTPCA induces apoptotic cell death through the generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Mitsuhashi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Toyama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tadashi Aradate
- Department of Medical Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Qing-Li Zhao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Rohan Moniruzzaman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kanamori
- Department of Human Science 1, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
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Zhang D, Liu S, Zhang J, Zhang JK, Hu C, Liu Y. In vivo effects of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins on gas exchange and ion equilibrium in the zebrafish gill. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:484-493. [PMID: 27424100 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aphantoxins, neurotoxins or paralytic shellfish poisons (PSPs) generated by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, are a threat to environmental safety and human health in eutrophic waters worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of neurotoxin function have been studied; however, the effects of these neurotoxins on oxidative stress, ion transport, gas exchange, and branchial ultrastructure in fish gills are not fully understood. Aphantoxins extracted from A. flos-aquae DC-1 were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The major ingredients were gonyautoxins 1 and 5 and neosaxitoxin, which comprised 34.04%, 21.28%, and 12.77% of the total, respectively. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were administered A. flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins at 5.3 or 7.61μg saxitoxin equivalents (eq)/kg (low and high doses, respectively) by intraperitoneal injection. The activities of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase (NKA), carbonic anhydrase (CA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ultrastructural alterations in chloride and epithelial cells, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) were investigated in the gills during the first 24h after exposure. Aphantoxins significantly increased the level of ROS and decreased the T-AOC in zebrafish gills from 3 to 12h post-exposure, suggesting an induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of antioxidant capacity. Reduced activities of NKA and CA demonstrated abnormal ion transport and gas exchange in the gills of aphantoxin-treated fish. Toxin administration also resulted in increased LDH activity and ultrastructural alterations in chloride and epithelial cells, suggesting a disruption of function and structure in zebrafish gills. The observed abnormalities in zebrafish gills occurred in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These findings demonstrate that aphantoxins or PSPs may inhibit ion transport and gas exchange, increase LDH activity, and result in ultrastructural damage to the gills through elevations in oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity. These effects of aphantoxins in the gills of zebrafish suggest an induction of respiratory toxicity. The parameters investigated in this study may be also considered as biomarkers for studying aphantoxin/PSP exposure and cyanobacterial blooms in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delu Zhang
- Department of Lifescience and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Siyi Liu
- Department of Lifescience and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jian Kong Zhang
- Department of Lifescience and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chunxiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Yongding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Paek SM. Development of advanced macrosphelides: potent anticancer agents. Molecules 2015; 20:4430-49. [PMID: 25764486 PMCID: PMC6272164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic approaches to macrosphelide derivatives, based on medicinal chemistry, are summarized. This review contains conventional medicinal chemistry approaches, combinatorial chemistry, fluorous tagging techniques and affinity chromatography preparation. In addition, advances in their apoptosis-inducing activities are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Mann Paek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Korea.
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Heo YM, Lee H, Shin YK, Paek SM. Development of an advanced synthetic route to macrosphelides and its application to the discovery of a more potent macrosphelide derivative. Molecules 2014; 19:15572-83. [PMID: 25268715 PMCID: PMC6270677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191015572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of a more cytotoxic macrosphelide derivative, including its total synthesis and bioassay are described. Application of the Koide protocol to a readily available propagylic alcohol allowed the rapid and practical synthesis of a macrosphelide A skeleton. This strategy enabled the successful improvement of the cytotoxic activity of the macrosphelide derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Heo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju daero, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongnam, Korea.
| | - Hunseok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Young Kee Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Seung-Mann Paek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju daero, Jinju 660-701, Gyeongnam, Korea.
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Rehman MU, Jawaid P, Yoshihisa Y, Li P, Zhao QL, Narita K, Katoh T, Kondo T, Shimizu T. Spiruchostatin A and B, novel histone deacetylase inhibitors, induce apoptosis through reactive oxygen species-mitochondria pathway in human lymphoma U937 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 221:24-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zhang DL, Hu CX, Li DH, Liu YD. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant responses in zebrafish brain induced by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 144-145:250-256. [PMID: 24189433 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae is a cyanobacterium that is frequently encountered in eutrophic waters worldwide. It is source of neurotoxins known as aphantoxins or paralytic shellfish poisons (PSPs), which present a major threat to the environment and human health. The molecular mechanism of PSP action is known, however the in vivo effects of this neurotoxin on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defense responses in zebrafish brain remain to be understood. Aphantoxins purified from a natural isolate of A. flos-aquae DC-1 were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. The major components of the toxins were gonyautoxins 1 and 5 (GTX1 and GTX5, 34.04% and 21.28%, respectively) and neosaxitoxin (neoSTX, 12.77%). Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were injected intraperitoneally with 7.73 μg/kg (low dose) and 11.13 μg/kg (high dose) of A. flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins. Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense responses in the zebrafish brain were investigated at various timepoints at 1-24h post-exposure. Aphantoxin exposure was associated with significantly increased (>1-2 times) reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in zebrafish brain compared with the controls at 1-12h postexposure, suggestive of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In contrast, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the zebrafish brain exposed to high or low doses of aphantoxins decreased by 44.88% and 41.33%, respectively, after 1-12h compared with the controls, suggesting that GSH participated in detoxification to ROS and MDA. Further analysis showed a significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) compared with the controls, suggesting elimination of oxidative stress by the antioxidant response in zebrafish brain. All these changes were dose and time dependent. These results suggested that aphantoxins or PSPs increased ROS and MDA and decreased GSH in zebrafish brain, and these changes induced oxidative stress. The increased activity of SOD, CAT and GPx demonstrated that these antioxidant enzymes could play important roles in eliminating excess ROS and MDA. These results also suggest that MDA, ROS, GSH and these three antioxidant enzymes in the brain of zebrafish may act as bioindicators for investigating A. flos-aquae DC-1 aphantoxins or PSPs and algal blooms in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Lu Zhang
- Department of Lifescience and Biotechnology, College of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Abstract
Cysteine residues on proteins play key roles in catalysis and regulation. These functional cysteines serve as active sites for nucleophilic and redox catalysis, sites of allosteric regulation, and metal-binding ligands on proteins from diverse classes including proteases, kinases, metabolic enzymes, and transcription factors. In this review, we focus on a few select examples that serve to highlight the multiple functions performed by cysteines, with an emphasis on cysteine-mediated protein activities implicated in cancer. The enhanced reactivity of functional cysteines renders them susceptible to modification by electrophilic species. Toward this end, we discuss recent advancements and future prospects for utilizing cysteine-reactive small molecules as drugs and imaging agents for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Pace
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by 2-dodecylcyclobutanone, a radiolytic product of palmitic acid, in human lymphoma U937 cells. Apoptosis 2012; 17:636-45. [PMID: 22311471 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The irradiation of fat-containing food forms 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB) from palmitic acid (PA). In this study, we investigated whether 2-DCB and PA induce apoptosis in human lymphoma U937 cells. We found that cell viability decreased by 2-DCB and apoptosis was induced by 2-DCB and PA. 2-DCB and PA significantly enhanced the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apoptosis induced by 2-DCB and PA was strongly prevented by an antioxidant, N-acetyl-L: -cysteine. The treatment with 2-DCB and PA resulted in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and Fas, caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. Pretreatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor (z-VAD) significantly inhibited apoptosis induced by 2-DCB and PA. Moreover, 2-DCB and PA also induced Bax up-regulation, the reduction in Bcl-2 expression level, Bid cleavage and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol. In addition, an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) was observed after the treatment with 2-DCB and PA. Our results indicated that intracellular ROS generation, the modulation of the Fas-mitochondrion-caspase-dependent pathway and the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) involved in apoptosis are induced by 2-DCB and PA in U937 cells.
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Sugimoto K, Kobayashi Y, Hori A, Kondo T, Toyooka N, Nemoto H, Matsuya Y. Syntheses of aza-analogues of macrosphelides via RCM strategy and their biological evaluation. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang JH, Peng Y, Yang LL, Wang YB, Wu BG, Zhang Y, He P. Escherichia coli induces apoptosis in human monocytic U937 cells through the Fas/FasL signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 358:95-104. [PMID: 21691772 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a genetically regulated cellular suicide mechanism that plays an essential role in development and in defense of multicellular organism. Escherichia coli (E. coli) can induce monocyte apoptosis; however, the mechanism is not clear. This study determines if Fas/FasL regulates E. coli-induced human monocyte line U937 cell apoptosis. We found that infection of U937 cells with E. coli induced rapid cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner displaying the characteristic features of apoptosis. Moreover, opsonized E. coli induced U937 apoptosis with a higher apoptotic rate (53.29 ± 5.83%) than non-opsonized E. coli (19.37 ± 2.56%). Studying the underlying mechanisms we found that the E. coli-induced apoptosis was associated with a more prominent induction expression of Fas/FasL in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, E. coli treatment resulted in a significant increase in the levels of DR5, TRAIL, and FADD, but exerted no statistically significant effects on the levels of DR4. The activity of caspase-8 enzyme increased in infection groups, positively correlated with apoptosis rate. Taken together, these results clearly indicate that receptor-mediated phagocytosis of E. coli induces apoptosis. Moreover, our findings suggest a possible regulatory role of Fas/FasL in the pathway of E. coli infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-He Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Differential cytotoxicity and sonosensitization by sanazole: effect of cell type and acoustic parameters. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2011; 38:65-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s10396-010-0295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Ahmed K, Wei ZL, Zhao QL, Nakajima N, Matsunaga T, Ogasawara M, Kondo T. Role of fatty acid chain length on the induction of apoptosis by newly synthesized catechin derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 185:182-8. [PMID: 20206613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The catechins, a family of polyphenols found in tea, can evoke various responses, including apoptosis. In this study we investigated whether the chemical modification of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) could enhance its apoptosis activity. We found that one of the catechin conjugated with capric acid [(2R,3S)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-yl decanoate; catechin-C10] was most potent to induce apoptosis in U937 cells. C10 treatment resulted in a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, cytochrome c release caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. In addition to this C10 also activated extrinsic pathway significantly as evident by time-dependent increase in Fas expression and caspase-8 activity. C10 mediated cleavage of Bid may be an important event for cross talk between intrinsic and extrinsic signaling. Moreover, pre-treatment of cells with anti-oxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly prevented C10-induced apoptosis but did not protect MMP loss. Treatment of cells with pan-caspase inhibitor significantly inhibited apoptosis indicating that caspases are playing key role. In addition to this C10 was found to induce apoptosis in human colon cancer (HCT116) cells while it showed resistance to human keratinocytes (HaCat). In short our results showed that the optimal fatty acid side chain length is required for the apoptosis inducing activity of catechin derivatives in U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Ahmed
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama Japan, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Matsuya Y, Nemoto H, Hori A, Kawamura T, F. Emam H, Ahmed K, Kondo T, Toyooka N. Synthesis of Macrosphelides Containing a Heterocyclic Side Chain as a Novel Apoptosis Inducer. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-s(s)82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Artificial Macrosphelides in the Search for New Apoptosis-Inducing Agents. Chemistry 2009; 15:5799-813. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Matsuya Y, Katayanagi H, Ohdaira T, Wei ZL, Kondo T, Nemoto H. Novel 3,4-Diazabenzotropone Compounds (2,3-Benzodiazepin-5-ones): Synthesis, Unique Reactivity, and Biological Evaluation. Org Lett 2009; 11:1361-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol900154x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Matsuya
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katayanagi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takuya Ohdaira
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Zheng-Li Wei
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hideo Nemoto
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Mechanism of apoptosis induced by a newly synthesized derivative of macrosphelides with a thiazole side chain. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 177:218-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lordan S, Mackrill JJ, O'Brien NM. Involvement of Fas signalling in 7beta-hydroxycholesterol-and cholesterol-5beta,6beta-epoxide-induced apoptosis. Int J Toxicol 2008; 27:279-85. [PMID: 18569169 DOI: 10.1080/10915810802208616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The induction of apoptosis in cells of the arterial wall is a critical event in the development of atheroma. 7beta-Hydroxycholesterol (7beta-OH) and cholesterol-5beta,6beta-epoxide (beta-epoxide) are components of oxLDL and have previously been shown to be potent inducers of apoptosis. However, the exact mechanisms through which these oxysterols induce apoptosis remains to be fully elucidated. The specific interaction of the Fas death receptor with Fas ligand (FasL) initiates a caspase cascade culminating in apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the involvement of Fas signalling in 7beta-OH-and beta-epoxide-induced apoptosis. To this end we employed the Fas/FasL antagonist, Kp7-6, and examined the effect of Fas inhibition on oxysterol-induced cell death in U937 cells. Fas levels were increased following 24 h exposure to 30 micro M 7beta-OH while treatment with 30 micro M beta-epoxide had no effect. Kp7-6 reduced the Fas content of 7beta-OH-treated cells to control levels and partially protected against 7beta-OH-induced apoptosis. This coincided with a decrease in cytochrome c release along with a reduction in caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. Our data implicate Fas signalling in the apoptotic pathway induced by 7beta-OH and also highlight differences between apoptosis induced by 7beta-OH and beta-epoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Lordan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Republic of Ireland
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