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In silico Study on Binding Specificities of Cellular Retinol Binding Protein and Its Q108R Mutant. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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2
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Ting Z, Guiwen G, Jing Z, Huiling Z, Deyao L, Wengong W, Fengmin L, Xiangmei C. E2F1‐mediated AUF1 upregulation promotes HCC development and enhances drug resistance via stabilization of AKR1B10. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1154-1167. [PMID: 35178834 PMCID: PMC8990806 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The AU‐rich binding factor 1 (AUF1) is one of the well known adenylate‐uridylate‐rich element (ARE)‐specific RNA‐binding proteins (ARE‐BPs) for which dysregulation has been reported in various human cancers. However, the involvement of AUF1 in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still elusive. In this study, we aimed at exploring the clinical significance, function, and mechanism of the abnormal expression of AUF1 in HCC. Using a bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Liver Cancer Institute (LCI) database, we identified that AUF1 was abnormally highly expressed in HCC tissues and that the high expression of AUF1 was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. We also confirmed the increased AUF1 expression and its prognostic value in our HBV‐related HCC cohorts. AUF1 overexpression in hepatoma cells promoted cell proliferation and increased the resistance of hepatoma cells toward doxorubicin, whereas knockdown of AUF1 exerted the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that AKR1B10 was a critical target of AUF1 and was essential for sustaining the AUF1‐induced proliferation and drug resistance of hepatoma cells. AUF1 increased AKR1B10 expression by binding to the 3′UTR region of AKR1B10 mRNA and stabilizing AKR1B10 mRNA. Additionally, we demonstrated that E2F1 enhanced AUF1 expression in HCC at the transcription level. Our study revealed a novel role of AUF1 in promoting the development and drug resistance of HCC via the post‐transcriptional regulation of AKR1B10 expression. The E2F1/AUF1/AKR1B10 axis can serve as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ting
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Guan Guiwen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Zhang Jing
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Huiling
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Li Deyao
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Wang Wengong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Lu Fengmin
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
| | - Chen Xiangmei
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 P. R. China
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Enhanced Loss of Retinoic Acid Network Genes in Xenopus laevis Achieves a Tighter Signal Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030327. [PMID: 35159137 PMCID: PMC8834563 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a major regulatory signal during embryogenesis produced from vitamin A (retinol) by an extensive, autoregulating metabolic and signaling network to prevent fluctuations that result in developmental malformations. Xenopus laevis is an allotetraploid hybrid frog species whose genome includes L (long) and S (short) chromosomes from the originating species. Evolutionarily, the X. laevis subgenomes have been losing either L or S homoeologs in about 43% of genes to generate singletons. In the RA network, out of the 47 genes, about 47% have lost one of the homoeologs, like the genome average. Interestingly, RA metabolism genes from storage (retinyl esters) to retinaldehyde production exhibit enhanced gene loss with 75% singletons out of 28 genes. The effect of this gene loss on RA signaling autoregulation was studied. Employing transient RA manipulations, homoeolog gene pairs were identified in which one homoeolog exhibits enhanced responses or looser regulation than the other, while in other pairs both homoeologs exhibit similar RA responses. CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of individual homoeologs to reduce their activity supports the hypothesis where the RA metabolic network gene loss results in tighter network regulation and more efficient RA robustness responses to overcome complex regulation conditions.
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Parihar M, Bendelac-Kapon L, Gur M, Abbou T, Belorkar A, Achanta S, Kinberg K, Vadigepalli R, Fainsod A. Retinoic Acid Fluctuation Activates an Uneven, Direction-Dependent Network-Wide Robustness Response in Early Embryogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:747969. [PMID: 34746144 PMCID: PMC8564372 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.747969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Robustness is a feature of regulatory pathways to ensure signal consistency in light of environmental changes or genetic polymorphisms. The retinoic acid (RA) pathway, is a central developmental and tissue homeostasis regulatory signal, strongly dependent on nutritional sources of retinoids and affected by environmental chemicals. This pathway is characterized by multiple proteins or enzymes capable of performing each step and their integration into a self-regulating network. We studied RA network robustness by transient physiological RA signaling disturbances followed by kinetic transcriptomic analysis of the recovery during embryogenesis. The RA metabolic network was identified as the main regulated module to achieve signaling robustness using an unbiased pattern analysis. We describe the network-wide responses to RA signal manipulation and found the feedback autoregulation to be sensitive to the direction of the RA perturbation: RA knockdown exhibited an upper response limit, whereas RA addition had a minimal feedback-activation threshold. Surprisingly, our robustness response analysis suggests that the RA metabolic network regulation exhibits a multi-objective optimization, known as Pareto optimization, characterized by trade-offs between competing functionalities. We observe that efficient robustness to increasing RA is accompanied by worsening robustness to reduced RA levels and vice versa. This direction-dependent trade-off in the network-wide feedback response, results in an uneven robustness capacity of the RA network during early embryogenesis, likely a significant contributor to the manifestation of developmental defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Parihar
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Liat Bendelac-Kapon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Gur
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tali Abbou
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abha Belorkar
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sirisha Achanta
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keren Kinberg
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Abraham Fainsod
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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MEN LH, PI ZF, HU MX, LIU S, LIU ZQ, SONG FR, CHEN X, LIU ZY. Serum Metabolomics Coupled with Network Pharmacology Strategy to Explore Therapeutic Effects of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi on Diabetic Nephropathy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Widjaja-Adhi MAK, Golczak M. The molecular aspects of absorption and metabolism of carotenoids and retinoids in vertebrates. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158571. [PMID: 31770587 PMCID: PMC7244374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient necessary for numerous basic physiological functions, including reproduction and development, immune cell differentiation and communication, as well as the perception of light. To evade the dire consequences of vitamin A deficiency, vertebrates have evolved specialized metabolic pathways that enable the absorption, transport, and storage of vitamin A acquired from dietary sources as preformed retinoids or provitamin A carotenoids. This evolutionary advantage requires a complex interplay between numerous specialized retinoid-transport proteins, receptors, and enzymes. Recent advances in molecular and structural biology resulted in a rapid expansion of our understanding of these processes at the molecular level. This progress opened new avenues for the therapeutic manipulation of retinoid homeostasis. In this review, we summarize current research related to the biochemistry of carotenoid and retinoid-processing proteins with special emphasis on the structural aspects of their physiological actions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Made Airanthi K Widjaja-Adhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
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Rivas A, Pequerul R, Barracco V, Domínguez M, López S, Jiménez R, Parés X, Alvarez R, Farrés J, de Lera AR. Synthesis of C11-to-C14 methyl-shifted all-trans-retinal analogues and their activities on human aldo-keto reductases. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4788-4801. [PMID: 32530010 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are enzymes involved in the reduction, among other substrates, of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol (vitamin A), thus contributing to the control of the levels of retinoids in organisms. Structure-activity relationship studies of a series of C11-to-C14 methyl-shifted (relative to natural C13-methyl) all-trans-retinal analogues as putative substrates of AKRs have been reported. The synthesis of these retinoids was based on the formation of a C10-C11 single bond of the pentaene skeleton starting from a trienyl iodide and the corresponding dienylstannanes and dienylsilanes, using the Stille-Kosugi-Migita and Hiyama-Denmark cross-coupling reactions, respectively. Since these reagents differ by the location and presence of methyl groups at the dienylorganometallic fragment, the study also provided insights into the ability of the different positional isomers to undergo cross-coupling and the sensitivity of these processes to steric hindrance. The resulting C11-to-C14 methyl-shifted all-trans-retinal analogues were found to be active substrates when tested with AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 enzymes, although relevant differences in substrate specificities were noted. For AKR1B1, all analogues exhibited higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) than parent all-trans-retinal. In addition, only all-trans-11-methylretinal, the most hydrophobic derivative, showed a higher value of kcat/Km = 106 000 ± 23 200 mM-1 min-1 for AKR1B10, which is in fact the highest value from all known retinoid substrates of this enzyme. The novel structures, identified as efficient AKR substrates, may serve in the design of selective inhibitors with potential pharmacological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurea Rivas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Raquel Pequerul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vito Barracco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain and Department of Biology, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Domínguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Susana López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago, Spain
| | - Rafael Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosana Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain.
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Song J, Wang C, Long D, Li Z, You L, Brand-Saberi B, Wang G, Yang X. Dysbacteriosis-induced LPS elevation disturbs the development of muscle progenitor cells by interfering with retinoic acid signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:6837-6853. [PMID: 32223025 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902965r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Whether myogenesis is affected by the maternal gut dysbacteriosis still remains ambiguous. In this study, first we show the elevated level of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in a gut microbiota dysbiosis mouse model. Second, we demonstrate that the diameter of muscle fibers, limb development, and somitogenesis were inhibited in both the gut microbiota dysbiosis and LPS exposed mice and chicken embryos. These might be due to LPS disturbed the cell survival and key genes which regulate the somitogenesis and myogenesis. RNA sequencing and subsequent validation experiments verified that retinoic acid (RA) signaling perturbation was mainly responsible for the aberrant somite formation and differentiation. Subsequently, we found that LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS generation and antioxidant genes such as Nrf2, AKR1B10) contributed to the above -mentioned interference with RA signaling. These findings highlight that the gut microbiota homeostasis is also involved in regulating the development of muscle progenitor cells during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Song
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Denglu Long
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziguang Li
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingsen You
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Guang Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Ahi EP, Lecaudey LA, Ziegelbecker A, Steiner O, Glabonjat R, Goessler W, Hois V, Wagner C, Lass A, Sefc KM. Comparative transcriptomics reveals candidate carotenoid color genes in an East African cichlid fish. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:54. [PMID: 31948394 PMCID: PMC6966818 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotenoids contribute significantly to animal body coloration, including the spectacular color pattern diversity among fishes. Fish, as other animals, derive carotenoids from their diet. Following uptake, transport and metabolic conversion, carotenoids allocated to body coloration are deposited in the chromatophore cells of the integument. The genes involved in these processes are largely unknown. Using RNA-Sequencing, we tested for differential gene expression between carotenoid-colored and white skin regions of a cichlid fish, Tropheus duboisi "Maswa", to identify genes associated with carotenoid-based integumentary coloration. To control for positional gene expression differences that were independent of the presence/absence of carotenoid coloration, we conducted the same analyses in a closely related population, in which both body regions are white. RESULTS A larger number of genes (n = 50) showed higher expression in the yellow compared to the white skin tissue than vice versa (n = 9). Of particular interest was the elevated expression level of bco2a in the white skin samples, as the enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the cleavage of carotenoids into colorless derivatives. The set of genes with higher expression levels in the yellow region included genes involved in xanthophore formation (e.g., pax7 and sox10), intracellular pigment mobilization (e.g., tubb, vim, kif5b), as well as uptake (e.g., scarb1) and storage (e.g., plin6) of carotenoids, and metabolic conversion of lipids and retinoids (e.g., dgat2, pnpla2, akr1b1, dhrs). Triglyceride concentrations were similar in the yellow and white skin regions. Extracts of integumentary carotenoids contained zeaxanthin, lutein and beta-cryptoxanthin as well as unidentified carotenoid structures. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a role of carotenoid cleavage by Bco2 in fish integumentary coloration, analogous to previous findings in birds. The elevated expression of genes in carotenoid-rich skin regions with functions in retinol and lipid metabolism supports hypotheses concerning analogies and shared mechanisms between these metabolic pathways. Overlaps in the sets of differentially expressed genes (including dgat2, bscl2, faxdc2 and retsatl) between the present study and previous, comparable studies in other fish species provide useful hints to potential carotenoid color candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-75 236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laurène A. Lecaudey
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Angelika Ziegelbecker
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Steiner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ronald Glabonjat
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Victoria Hois
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Carina Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kristina M. Sefc
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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Wang S, Yu J, Kane MA, Moise AR. Modulation of retinoid signaling: therapeutic opportunities in organ fibrosis and repair. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 205:107415. [PMID: 31629008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, is an important signaling molecule during embryonic development serving critical roles in morphogenesis, organ patterning and skeletal and neural development. Retinoic acid is also important in postnatal life in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, while retinoid-based therapies have long been used in the treatment of a variety of cancers and skin disorders. As the number of people living with chronic disorders continues to increase, there is great interest in extending the use of retinoid therapies in promoting the maintenance and repair of adult tissues. However, there are still many conflicting results as we struggle to understand the role of retinoic acid in the multitude of processes that contribute to tissue injury and repair. This review will assess our current knowledge of the role retinoic acid signaling in the development of fibroblasts, and their transformation to myofibroblasts, and of the potential use of retinoid therapies in the treatment of organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Alexander R Moise
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada.
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van Weverwijk A, Koundouros N, Iravani M, Ashenden M, Gao Q, Poulogiannis G, Jungwirth U, Isacke CM. Metabolic adaptability in metastatic breast cancer by AKR1B10-dependent balancing of glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2698. [PMID: 31221959 PMCID: PMC6586667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The different stages of the metastatic cascade present distinct metabolic challenges to tumour cells and an altered tumour metabolism associated with successful metastatic colonisation provides a therapeutic vulnerability in disseminated disease. We identify the aldo-keto reductase AKR1B10 as a metastasis enhancer that has little impact on primary tumour growth or dissemination but promotes effective tumour growth in secondary sites and, in human disease, is associated with an increased risk of distant metastatic relapse. AKR1B10High tumour cells have reduced glycolytic capacity and dependency on glucose as fuel source but increased utilisation of fatty acid oxidation. Conversely, in both 3D tumour spheroid assays and in vivo metastasis assays, inhibition of fatty acid oxidation blocks AKR1B10High-enhanced metastatic colonisation with no impact on AKR1B10Low cells. Finally, mechanistic analysis supports a model in which AKR1B10 serves to limit the toxic side effects of oxidative stress thereby sustaining fatty acid oxidation in metabolically challenging metastatic environments. Cancer cells must develop distinct metabolic adaptations to survive in challenging metastatic environments. Here, the authors find, via an in vivo RNAi screen, that the aldo-keto reductase AKR1B10 limits the toxic side effects of oxidative stress to sustain fatty acid oxidation and promote metastatic colonisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette van Weverwijk
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.,Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Koundouros
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.,Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marjan Iravani
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Matthew Ashenden
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Qiong Gao
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - George Poulogiannis
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.,Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ute Jungwirth
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.,Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Clare M Isacke
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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Crespo I, Giménez-Dejoz J, Porté S, Cousido-Siah A, Mitschler A, Podjarny A, Pratsinis H, Kletsas D, Parés X, Ruiz FX, Metwally K, Farrés J. Design, synthesis, structure-activity relationships and X-ray structural studies of novel 1-oxopyrimido[4,5-c]quinoline-2-acetic acid derivatives as selective and potent inhibitors of human aldose reductase. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:160-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Ruiz FX, Crespo I, Álvarez S, Porté S, Giménez-Dejoz J, Cousido-Siah A, Mitschler A, de Lera ÁR, Parés X, Podjarny A, Farrés J. Structural basis for the inhibition of AKR1B10 by the C3 brominated TTNPB derivative UVI2008. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 276:174-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Sinreih M, Štupar S, Čemažar L, Verdenik I, Frković Grazio S, Smrkolj Š, Rižner TL. STAR and AKR1B10 are down-regulated in high-grade endometrial cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:43-53. [PMID: 28232277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most frequent gynecological malignancy in the developed world. The majority of cases are estrogen dependent, and are associated with diminished protective effects of progesterone. Endometrial cancer is also related to enhanced inflammation and decreased differentiation. In our previous studies, we examined the expression of genes involved in estrogen and progesterone actions in inflammation and tumor differentiation, in tissue samples from endometrial cancer and adjacent control endometrium. The aims of the current study were to examine correlations between gene expression and several demographic characteristics, and to evaluate changes in gene expression with regard to histopathological and clinical characteristics of 51 patients. We studied correlations and differences in expression of 38 genes involved in five pathophysiological processes: (i) estrogen-stimulated proliferation; (ii) estrogen-dependent carcinogenesis; (iii) diminished biosynthesis of progesterone: (iv) enhanced formation of progesterone metabolites; and (v) increased inflammation and decreased differentiation. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis shows that expression of PAQR7 correlates with age, expression of SRD5A1, AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 correlate with body mass, while expression of SRD5A1 and AKR1B10 correlate with body mass index. When patients with endometrial cancer were stratified based on menopausal status, histological grade, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and FIGO stage, Mann-Whitney U tests revealed significantly decreased expression of STAR (4.4-fold; adjusted p=0.009) and AKR1B10 (9-fold; adjusted p=0.003) in high grade versus low grade tumors. Lower levels of STAR might lead to decreased de-novo steroid hormone synthesis and tumor differentiation, and lower levels of AKR1B10 to diminished elimination of toxic electrophilic carbonyl compounds in high-grade endometrial cancer. These data thus reveal the potential of STAR and AKR1B10 as prognostic biomarkers, which calls for further validation at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Sinreih
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saša Štupar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luka Čemažar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ivan Verdenik
- Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Snježana Frković Grazio
- Department of Pathology, Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Smrkolj
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Lanišnik Rižner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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15
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Shannon SR, Moise AR, Trainor PA. New insights and changing paradigms in the regulation of vitamin A metabolism in development. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2017; 6. [PMID: 28207193 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its active metabolite retinoic acid are essential for embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Surprisingly, excess or deficiency of vitamin A and retinoic acid can cause similar developmental defects. Therefore, strict feedback and other mechanisms exist to regulate the levels of retinoic acid within a narrow physiological range. The oxidation of vitamin A to retinal has recently been established as a critical nodal point in the synthesis of retinoic acid, and over the past decade, RDH10 and DHRS3 have emerged as the predominant enzymes that regulate this reversible reaction. Together they form a codependent complex that facilitates negative feedback maintenance of retinoic acid levels and thus guard against the effects of dysregulated vitamin A metabolism and retinoic acid synthesis. This review focuses on advances in our understanding of the roles of Rdh10 and Dhrs3 and their impact on development and disease. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e264. doi: 10.1002/wdev.264 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Shannon
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Alexander R Moise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Paul A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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16
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Huang L, He R, Luo W, Zhu YS, Li J, Tan T, Zhang X, Hu Z, Luo D. Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 Inhibitors: Potential Drugs for Cancer Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2017; 11:184-96. [PMID: 26844556 PMCID: PMC5403964 DOI: 10.2174/1574892811888160304113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic NADPH-dependent reductase AKR1B10 is a member of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily. This enzyme is normally expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is overexpressed in many solid tumors, such as hepatocarcinoma, lung cancer and breast cancer. AKR1B10 may play a role in the formation and development of carcinomas through multiple mechanisms including detoxification of cytotoxic carbonyls, modulation of retinoic acid level, and regulation of cellular fatty acid synthesis and lipid metabolism. Studies have suggested that AKR1B10 may be a useful biomarker for cancer diagnosis and a potential target for cancer treatment. Over the last decade, a number of AKR1B10 inhibitors including aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), endogenous substances, natural-based derivatives and synthetic compounds have been developed, which could be novel anticancer drugs. This review provides an overview on related articles and patents about AKR1B10 inhibitors, with a focus on their inhibition selectivity and mechanism of function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Hu
- Translational Medicine Institute, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for High-through Molecular Diagnosis Technology, Collaborative Research Center for Postdoctoral Mobile Stations of Central South University, Affiliated the First Peoples Hospital of Chenzhou of University of South China, Chenzhou 432000, P.R.China.
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17
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Kilgore MB, Kutchan TM. The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: biosynthesis and methods for enzyme discovery. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2016; 15:317-337. [PMID: 27340382 PMCID: PMC4914137 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-015-9451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are an example of the vast diversity of secondary metabolites with great therapeutic promise. The identification of novel compounds in this group with over 300 known structures continues to be an area of active study. The recent identification of norbelladine 4'-O-methyltransferase (N4OMT), an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthetic enzyme, and the assembly of transcriptomes for Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus and Lycoris aurea highlight the potential for discovery of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthetic genes with new technologies. Recent technical advances of interest include those in enzymology, next generation sequencing, genetic modification, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B. Kilgore
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 63132 St. Louis, Missouri, 975 N. Warson Rd., St. Louis, MO
| | - Toni M. Kutchan
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 63132 St. Louis, Missouri, 975 N. Warson Rd., St. Louis, MO
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Toni M. Kutchan, , Tel.: (314) 587-1473, Fax: (314) 587-1573
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18
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Jumper N, Hodgkinson T, Arscott G, Har-Shai Y, Paus R, Bayat A. The Aldo-Keto Reductase AKR1B10 Is Up-Regulated in Keloid Epidermis, Implicating Retinoic Acid Pathway Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1500-1512. [PMID: 27025872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Keloid disease is a recurrent fibroproliferative cutaneous tumor of unknown pathogenesis for which clinical management remains unsatisfactory. To obtain new insights into hitherto underappreciated aspects of keloid pathobiology, we took a laser capture microdissection-based, whole-genome microarray analysis approach to identify distinct keloid disease-associated gene expression patterns within defined keloid regions. Identification of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme AKR1B10 as highly up-regulated in keloid epidermis suggested that an imbalance of retinoic acid metabolism is likely associated with keloid disease. Here, we show that AKR1B10 transfection into normal human keratinocytes reproduced the abnormal retinoic acid pathway expression pattern we had identified in keloid epidermis. Cotransfection of AKR1B10 with a luciferase reporter plasmid showed reduced retinoic acid response element activity, supporting the hypothesis of retinoic acid synthesis deficiency in keloid epidermis. Paracrine signals released by AKR1B10-overexpressing keratinocytes into conditioned medium resulted in up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β1, transforming growth factor-β2, and collagens I and III in both keloid and normal skin fibroblasts, mimicking the typical profibrotic keloid profile. Our study results suggest that insufficient retinoic acid synthesis by keloid epidermal keratinocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of keloid disease. We refocus attention on the role of injured epithelium in keloid disease and identify AKR1B10 as a potential new target in future management of keloid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jumper
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tom Hodgkinson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Guyan Arscott
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Yaron Har-Shai
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Dermatology Research, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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19
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Zemanova L, Hofman J, Novotna E, Musilek K, Lundova T, Havrankova J, Hostalkova A, Chlebek J, Cahlikova L, Wsol V. Flavones Inhibit the Activity of AKR1B10, a Promising Therapeutic Target for Cancer Treatment. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2666-2674. [PMID: 26529431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AKR1B10 is an NADPH-dependent reductase that plays an important function in several physiological reactions such as the conversion of retinal to retinol, reduction of isoprenyl aldehydes, and biotransformation of procarcinogens and drugs. A growing body of evidence points to the important role of the enzyme in the development of several types of cancer (e.g., breast, hepatocellular), in which it is highly overexpressed. AKR1B10 is regarded as a therapeutic target for the treatment of these diseases, and potent and specific inhibitors may be promising therapeutic agents. Several inhibitors of AKR1B10 have been described, but the area of natural plant products has been investigated sparingly. In the present study almost 40 diverse phenolic compounds and alkaloids were examined for their ability to inhibit the recombinant AKR1B10 enzyme. The most potent inhibitors-apigenin, luteolin, and 7-hydroxyflavone-were further characterized in terms of IC50, selectivity, and mode of action. Molecular docking studies were also conducted, which identified putative binding residues important for the interaction. In addition, cellular studies demonstrated a significant inhibition of the AKR1B10-mediated reduction of daunorubicin in intact cells by these inhibitors without a considerable cytotoxic effect. Although these compounds are moderately potent and selective inhibitors of AKR1B10, they constitute a new structural type of AKR1B10 inhibitor and may serve as a template for the development of better inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove , Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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20
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Ruiz FX, Cousido-Siah A, Porté S, Domínguez M, Crespo I, Rechlin C, Mitschler A, de Lera ÁR, Martín MJ, de la Fuente JÁ, Klebe G, Parés X, Farrés J, Podjarny A. Structural Determinants of the Selectivity of 3-Benzyluracil-1-acetic Acids toward Human Enzymes Aldose Reductase and AKR1B10. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1989-2003. [PMID: 26549844 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The human enzymes aldose reductase (AR) and AKR1B10 have been thoroughly explored in terms of their roles in diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. In this study we identified two new lead compounds, 2-(3-(4-chloro-3-nitrobenzyl)-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)acetic acid (JF0048, 3) and 2-(2,4-dioxo-3-(2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-6-methoxybenzyl)-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)acetic acid (JF0049, 4), which selectively target these enzymes. Although 3 and 4 share the 3-benzyluracil-1-acetic acid scaffold, they have different substituents in their aryl moieties. Inhibition studies along with thermodynamic and structural characterizations of both enzymes revealed that the chloronitrobenzyl moiety of compound 3 can open the AR specificity pocket but not that of the AKR1B10 cognate. In contrast, the larger atoms at the ortho and/or meta positions of compound 4 prevent the AR specificity pocket from opening due to steric hindrance and provide a tighter fit to the AKR1B10 inhibitor binding pocket, probably enhanced by the displacement of a disordered water molecule trapped in a hydrophobic subpocket, creating an enthalpic signature. Furthermore, this selectivity also occurs in the cell, which enables the development of a more efficient drug design strategy: compound 3 prevents sorbitol accumulation in human retinal ARPE-19 cells, whereas 4 stops proliferation in human lung cancer NCI-H460 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc X Ruiz
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch CEDEX, France. .,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 08854-5627, Piscataway, NJ, (USA).
| | - Alexandra Cousido-Siah
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Domínguez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, 363100, Vigo, Spain
| | - Isidro Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chris Rechlin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - André Mitschler
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Ángel R de Lera
- Departmento de Química Orgánica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, 363100, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Jesús Martín
- Biomar Microbial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009, León, Spain
| | | | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Podjarny
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch CEDEX, France.
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21
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Giménez-Dejoz J, Kolář MH, Ruiz FX, Crespo I, Cousido-Siah A, Podjarny A, Barski OA, Fanfrlík J, Parés X, Farrés J, Porté S. Substrate Specificity, Inhibitor Selectivity and Structure-Function Relationships of Aldo-Keto Reductase 1B15: A Novel Human Retinaldehyde Reductase. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134506. [PMID: 26222439 PMCID: PMC4519324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human aldo-keto reductase 1B15 (AKR1B15) is a newly discovered enzyme which shares 92% amino acid sequence identity with AKR1B10. While AKR1B10 is a well characterized enzyme with high retinaldehyde reductase activity, involved in the development of several cancer types, the enzymatic activity and physiological role of AKR1B15 are still poorly known. Here, the purified recombinant enzyme has been subjected to substrate specificity characterization, kinetic analysis and inhibitor screening, combined with structural modeling. AKR1B15 is active towards a variety of carbonyl substrates, including retinoids, with lower kcat and Km values than AKR1B10. In contrast to AKR1B10, which strongly prefers all-trans-retinaldehyde, AKR1B15 exhibits superior catalytic efficiency with 9-cis-retinaldehyde, the best substrate found for this enzyme. With ketone and dicarbonyl substrates, AKR1B15 also shows higher catalytic activity than AKR1B10. Several typical AKR inhibitors do not significantly affect AKR1B15 activity. Amino acid substitutions clustered in loops A and C result in a smaller, more hydrophobic and more rigid active site in AKR1B15 compared with the AKR1B10 pocket, consistent with distinct substrate specificity and narrower inhibitor selectivity for AKR1B15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Giménez-Dejoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michal H. Kolář
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-9) and Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-5), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Francesc X. Ruiz
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire-Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Isidro Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Cousido-Siah
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire-Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Alberto Podjarny
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire-Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Oleg A. Barski
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Zhang W, Li H, Yang Y, Liao J, Yang GY. Knockdown or inhibition of aldo-keto reductase 1B10 inhibits pancreatic carcinoma growth via modulating Kras-E-cadherin pathway. Cancer Lett 2014; 355:273-80. [PMID: 25304374 PMCID: PMC4462172 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) has relatively specific lipid substrates including carbonyls, retinal and farnesal/geranylgeranial. Metabolizing these lipid substrates appears crucial to carcinogenesis, particularly for farnesal/geranylgeranial that involves protein prenylation. Mutant Kras is a most common active oncogene in pancreatic cancer, and its activation requires protein prenylation. To directly determine the role of AKR1B10 in pancreatic carcinogenesis, we knocked down AKR1B10 in CD18 human pancreatic carcinoma cells using shRNA approach. Silencing AKR1B10 resulted in a significant inhibition of anchor-dependent growth (knockdown cells vs. vector-control cells: 67 ± 9.5 colonies/HPF vs. 170 ± 3.7 colonies/HPF, p < 0.01), invasion index (0.27 vs. 1.00, p < 0.05), and cell migration (at 16 hours 9.2 ± 1.2% vs. 14.0 ± 1.8%, at 24 hours 21.0 ± 1.1% vs. 30.5 ± 3.5%, and at 48 hours 51.9 ± 5.7% vs. 88.9 ± 3.0%, p < 0.01). Inhibition of AKR1B10 by oleanolic acid (OA) showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with IC50 at 30 µM. Kras pull-down and Western blot analysis revealed a significant down-regulation of active form Kras and phosphorylated C-Raf, and Erk, as well as an up-regulation of E-cadherin. A significant reduction of in vivo tumor growth was observed in nude mice implanted with the CD18 pancreatic carcinoma cells with AKR1B10 knockdown (tumor weight: 0.25 ± 0.06 g vs. 0.52 ± 0.07 g, p = 0.01), and with OA treatment (tumor weight: 0.35 ± 0.05 g vs. 0.52 ± 0.07 g, p = 0.05). Our findings indicate AKR1B10 is a unique enzyme involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis via modulation of the Kras-E-cadherin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Haonan Li
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yihe Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Cousido-Siah A, Ruiz FX, Crespo I, Porté S, Mitschler A, Parés X, Podjarny A, Farrés J. Structural analysis of sulindac as an inhibitor of aldose reductase and AKR1B10. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 234:290-6. [PMID: 25532697 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR, AKR1B1) and AKR1B10 are enzymes implicated in important pathologies (diabetes and cancer) and therefore they have been proposed as suitable targets for drug development. Sulindac is the metabolic precursor of the potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac sulfide, which suppresses prostaglandin production by inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX). In addition, sulindac has been found to be one of the NSAIDs with higher antitumoral activity, presumably through COX inhibition. However, sulindac anticancer activity could be partially mediated through COX-independent mechanisms, including the participation of AR and AKR1B10. Previously, it had been shown that sulindac and sulindac sulfone were good AR inhibitors and the structure of the ternary complex with NADP(+) and sulindac was described (PDB ID 3U2C). In this work, we determined the three-dimensional structure of AKR1B10 with sulindac and established structure-activity relationships (SAR) of sulindac and their derivatives with AR and AKR1B10. The difference in the IC50 values for sulindac between AR (0.36 μM) and AKR1B10 (2.7 μM) might be explained by the different positioning and stacking interaction given by Phe122/Phe123, and by the presence of two buried and ordered water molecules in AKR1B10 but not in AR. Moreover, SAR analysis shows that the substitution of the sulfinyl group is structurally allowed in sulindac derivatives. Hence, sulindac and its derivatives emerge as lead compounds for the design of more potent and selective AR and AKR1B10 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cousido-Siah
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire - Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Francesc X Ruiz
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire - Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Isidro Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Biosciences, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Biosciences, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - André Mitschler
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire - Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Biosciences, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Alberto Podjarny
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire - Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Biosciences, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
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Statil suppresses cancer cell growth and proliferation by the inhibition of tumor marker AKR1B10. Anticancer Drugs 2014; 25:930-7. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Woyda-Ploszczyca AM, Jarmuszkiewicz W. Sensitivity of the aldehyde-induced and free fatty acid-induced activities of plant uncoupling protein to GTP is regulated by the ubiquinone reduction level. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 79:109-116. [PMID: 24705332 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using isolated potato tuber mitochondria possessing uncoupling protein (StUCP), we found that, under non-phosphorylating conditions, the sensitivity of aldehyde (all trans-retinal or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal)-induced and fatty acid (linoleic acid)-induced StUCP-mediated proton leaks to GTP is controlled by the endogenous ubiquinone (Q) reduction level. The action of StUCP activators was abolished by GTP only when Q was sufficiently oxidized, but no inhibitory effect was observed when Q was highly reduced. Thus, the Q reduction level-dependent regulation of StUCP inhibition functions independently of the type of UCP activation and could be an important physiological factor affecting the efficiency of UCP-catalyzed uncoupling in plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case
Western Reserve University, 2109 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4965,
United States
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Leclerc D, Lévesque N, Cao Y, Deng L, Wu Q, Powell J, Sapienza C, Rozen R. Genes with aberrant expression in murine preneoplastic intestine show epigenetic and expression changes in normal mucosa of colon cancer patients. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6:1171-81. [PMID: 24169962 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of early genetic/epigenetic changes in colorectal cancer would aid in diagnosis and prognosis. To identify these changes in human preneoplastic tissue, we first studied our mouse model in which Mthfr⁺/⁻ BALB/c mice fed folate-deficient diets develop intestinal tumors in contrast to Mthfr⁺/⁺ BALB/c mice fed control diets. Transcriptome profiling was performed in normal intestine from mice with low or high tumor susceptibility. We identified 12 upregulated and 51 downregulated genes in tumor-prone mice. Affected pathways included retinoid acid synthesis, lipid and glucose metabolism, apoptosis and inflammation. We compared murine candidates from this microarray analysis, and murine candidates from an earlier strain-based comparison, with a set of human genes that we had identified in previous methylome profiling of normal human colonic mucosa, from colorectal cancer patients and controls. From the extensive list of human methylome candidates, our approach uncovered five orthologous genes that had shown changes in murine expression profiles (PDK4, SPRR1A, SPRR2A, NR1H4, and PYCARD). The human orthologs were assayed by bisulfite-pyrosequencing for methylation at 14 CpGs. All CpGs exhibited significant methylation differences in normal mucosa between colorectal cancer patients and controls; expression differences for these genes were also observed. PYCARD and NR1H4 methylation differences showed promise as markers for presence of polyps in controls. We conclude that common pathways are disturbed in preneoplastic intestine in our animal model and morphologically normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer, and present an initial version of a DNA methylation-based signature for human preneoplastic colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leclerc
- Montreal Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4060 Ste-Catherine West, Room 200, Montreal, Canada H3Z 2Z3.
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Billings SE, Pierzchalski K, Butler Tjaden NE, Pang XY, Trainor PA, Kane MA, Moise AR. The retinaldehyde reductase DHRS3 is essential for preventing the formation of excess retinoic acid during embryonic development. FASEB J 2013; 27:4877-89. [PMID: 24005908 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-227967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of retinol via retinaldehyde results in the formation of the essential morphogen all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Previous studies have identified critical roles in the regulation of embryonic ATRA levels for retinol, retinaldehyde, and ATRA-oxidizing enzymes; however, the contribution of retinaldehyde reductases to ATRA metabolism is not completely understood. Herein, we investigate the role of the retinaldehyde reductase Dhrs3 in embryonic retinoid metabolism using a Dhrs3-deficient mouse. Lack of DHRS3 leads to a 40% increase in the levels of ATRA and a 60% and 55% decrease in the levels of retinol and retinyl esters, respectively, in Dhrs3(-/-) embryos compared to wild-type littermates. Furthermore, accumulation of excess ATRA is accompanied by a compensatory 30-50% reduction in the expression of ATRA synthetic genes and a 120% increase in the expression of the ATRA catabolic enzyme Cyp26a1 in Dhrs3(-/-) embryos vs. controls. Excess ATRA also leads to alterations (40-80%) in the expression of several developmentally important ATRA target genes. Consequently, Dhrs3(-/-) embryos die late in gestation and display defects in cardiac outflow tract formation, atrial and ventricular septation, skeletal development, and palatogenesis. These data demonstrate that the reduction of retinaldehyde by DHRS3 is critical for preventing formation of excess ATRA during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Billings
- 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 5060-Malott Hall, 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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