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Bernardo LB, Borges CVN, Buitrago PAG, Kuča K, Cavalcante SFA, Sousa RB, Lima ALS, Kitagawa DAS. Synthesis and in vitro assessment of the reactivation profile of clinically available oximes on the acetylcholinesterase model inhibited by A-230 nerve agent surrogate. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:3397-3407. [PMID: 39004640 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The risk of the use of toxic chemicals for unlawful acts has been a matter of concern for different governments and multilateral agencies. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which oversees the implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), considering recent events employing chemical warfare agents as means of assassination, has recently included in the CWC "Annex on Chemicals" some organophosphorus compounds that are regarded as acting in a similar fashion to the classical G- and V-series of nerve agents, inhibiting the pivotal enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Therefore, knowledge of the activity of the pyridinium oximes, the sole class of clinically available acetylcholinesterase reactivators to date, is plainly justified. In this paper, continuing our research efforts in medicinal chemistry on this class of toxic chemicals, we synthesized an A-230 nerve agent surrogate and applied a modified Ellman's assay to evaluate its ability to inhibit our enzymatic model, acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus eel, and if the clinically available antidotes are able to rescue the enzyme activity for the purpose of relating the findings to the previously disclosed in silico data for the authentic nerve agent and other studies with similar A-series surrogates. Our experimental data indicates that pralidoxime is the most efficient compound for reactivating acetylcholinesterase inhibited by A-230 surrogate, which is the opposite of the in silico data previously disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro B Bernardo
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-270, Brazil.
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil.
| | - Caio V N Borges
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-270, Brazil
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil
| | - Pedro A G Buitrago
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Samir F A Cavalcante
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil
| | - Roberto B Sousa
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-270, Brazil
| | - Antônio L S Lima
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-270, Brazil.
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil.
| | - Daniel A S Kitagawa
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-270, Brazil.
- Instituto de Defesa Química, Biológica, Radiológica e Nuclear (IDQBRN), Centro Tecnológico do Exército (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Área 4, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23020-470, Brazil.
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2
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Zheng W, Feng S, Hu C. Production of Oximes Directly from Sustainable Lignocellulose-Derived Aldehydes and Ammonia over HTS-1 Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301364. [PMID: 37889199 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Oxime chemicals are the building blocks of many anticancer drugs and widely used in industry and laboratory. A simple but robust hierarchically porous zeolite (HTS-1) catalyst was prepared by hydrothermal methods and used for the preparation of vanillin oxime from vanillin in NH3 ⋅ H2 O/DIO (v/v 1/10) system. The results of the catalyst characterization showed that the larger pore size and more framework Ti were conducive to promote the transformation of the substrates. The conversion of vanillin and the yield of vanillin oxime were both higher than 99 % under optimized reaction conditions. It was found that the reaction proceeded by oxidation of NH3 to hydroxylamine (NH2 OH), and oximation of hydroxylamine with vanillin to obtain vanillin oxime, where the rate-controlling step was the hydroxylamine formation, and the apparent activation energy was 26.22 kJ/mol. The corresponding oximation products could also be obtained by extending this method to other compounds derived from lignin. Furthermore, the catalytic system was used directly to the conversion of birch biomass to obtain oxime products such as vanillin oxime, syringaldehyde oxime, and furfural oxime etc. This work might give insights into the sustainable production of N-containing high-value products from lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanping Zheng
- Key laboratory of green chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Key laboratory of green chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key laboratory of green chemistry and Technology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
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3
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Thakur A, Patwa J, Pant S, Jeet Singh Flora S, Sharma A. Synthesis and evaluation of small organic molecule as reactivator of organophosphorus inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:26-41. [PMID: 36514993 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2150210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of uncharged salicylaldehyde oximes were synthesized and evaluated for the reactivation of organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents simulants Diethylchlorophosphonate (DCP) & Diethylcyanophosphonate (DCNP) and pesticides (paraoxon & malaoxon) inhibited electric eel Acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The computational software Swiss ADME and molinspiration were used to unfold the probability of drug-likeness properties of the oximes derivatives. Substituted aromatic oximes with diethylamino or bromo group with free hydroxyl group ortho to oxime moiety were found efficient to regenerate the enzymatic activity in in-vitro AChE assay. The alkylation of the ortho hydroxyl group of derivatives led to the loss of reactivation potential. The derivatives with a hydroxyl group and without oxime group and vice versa did not show significant reactivation potency against tested OP toxicants. Further, we also evaluated the reactivation potential of these selected molecules on the rat brain homogenate against different OPs inhibited ChE and found maximum reactivation potency of oxime 2e. The in-vitro results were further validated by molecular docking and dynamic studies which showed that the hydroxyl group interacted with serine amino acids in the catalytic anionic site of AChE enzyme and was stable up to 200 ns consequently providing proper orientation to oxime moiety for reactivating the OP inhibited enzyme. It has thus been proved by the structure-activity relationship of oximes derivatives that hydroxyl group ortho to oxime is essential for reactivating OP inhibited electric eel AChE. Amongst the twenty-one oximes derivatives, 2e was found to be most active in regenerating the paraoxon, malaoxon, DCP and DCNP inhibited AChE enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashima Thakur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Jayant Patwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Suyash Pant
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Swaran Jeet Singh Flora
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Abha Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
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Kitagawa DAS, Dos Santos MC, Kuča K, França TCC, Cavalcante SFDA. In vitro comparison of the acetylcholinesterase inhibition caused by V- and A-series nerve agents' surrogates. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110678. [PMID: 37595776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Nerve agents (NA) pose as a great risk in the modern world. NA from the V-series, such as VX, are currently recognized as the most toxic among those compounds. However, the emergence of new classes of toxicants recently included in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), such as the A-series NA, a class of organophosphorus compounds related to phosphoramidates, pose a new source of concern due to the lack of information. In order advance in the investigation on the toxicity of such toxic chemicals, we performed in vitro studies to compare representatives of the V- and A-series using affordable surrogates. Results suggest a similar inhibition potency between both agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A S Kitagawa
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo C Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Tanos C C França
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Samir F de A Cavalcante
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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5
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Santos MC, Botelho FD, Gonçalves AS, Kitagawa DAS, Borges CVN, Carvalho-Silva T, Bernardo LB, Ferreira CN, Rodrigues RB, Ferreira Neto DC, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, LaPlante SR, Lima ALS, França TCC, Cavalcante SFA. Are the current commercially available oximes capable of reactivating acetylcholinesterase inhibited by the nerve agents of the A-series? Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2559-2572. [PMID: 35666269 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The misuse of novichok agents in assassination attempts has been reported in the international media since 2018. These relatively new class of neurotoxic agents is claimed to be more toxic than the agents of the G and V series and so far, there is no report yet in literature about potential antidotes against them. To shed some light into this issue, we report here the design and synthesis of NTMGMP, a surrogate of A-242 and also the first surrogate of a novichok agent useful for experimental evaluation of antidotes. Furthermore, the efficiency of the current commercial oximes to reactivate NTMGMP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was evaluated. The Ellman test was used to confirm the complete inhibition of AChE, and to compare the subsequent rates of reactivation in vitro as well as to evaluate aging. In parallel, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and MM-PBSA studies were performed on a computational model of the human AChE (HssAChE)/NTMGMP complex to assess the reactivation performances of the commercial oximes in silico. Experimental and theoretical studies matched the exact hierarchy of efficiency and pointed to trimedoxime as the most promising commercial oxime for reactivation of AChE inhibited by A-242.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo C Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D Botelho
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arlan S Gonçalves
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo - Units Vila Velha and Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Federal University of Espírito Santo, Unit Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Daniel A S Kitagawa
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio V N Borges
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taynara Carvalho-Silva
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro B Bernardo
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cíntia N Ferreira
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Rodrigues
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise C Ferreira Neto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Steven R LaPlante
- Université de Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Antonio L S Lima
- Chemical Engineering Department, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tanos C C França
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. .,Université de Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Samir F A Cavalcante
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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6
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Kitagawa DAS, Rodrigues RB, Silva TN, Dos Santos WV, da Rocha VCV, de Almeida JSFD, Bernardo LB, Carvalho-Silva T, Ferreira CN, da Silva AAT, Simas ABC, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, França TCC, Cavalcante SFDA. Design, synthesis, in silico studies and in vitro evaluation of isatin-pyridine oximes hybrids as novel acetylcholinesterase reactivators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1370-1377. [PMID: 34148470 PMCID: PMC8219220 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1916009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus poisoning caused by some pesticides and nerve agents is a life-threating condition that must be swiftly addressed to avoid casualties. Despite the availability of medical countermeasures, the clinically available compounds lack a broad spectrum, are not effective towards all organophosphorus toxins, and have poor pharmacokinetics properties to allow them crossing the blood-brain barrier, hampering cholinesterase reactivation at the central nervous system. In this work, we designed and synthesised novel isatin derivatives, linked to a pyridinium 4-oxime moiety by an alkyl chain with improved calculated properties, and tested their reactivation potency against paraoxon- and NEMP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase in comparison to the standard antidote pralidoxime. Our results showed that these compounds displayed comparable in vitro reactivation also pointed by the in silico studies, suggesting that they are promising compounds to tackle organophosphorus poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A S Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Rodrigues
- Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago N Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Castelo Branco (UCB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wellington V Dos Santos
- Emergency and Rescue Department (DSE), Rio de Janeiro State Fire Department (CBMERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C V da Rocha
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Nilópolis, Brazil
| | - Joyce S F D de Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro B Bernardo
- Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taynara Carvalho-Silva
- Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia N Ferreira
- Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angelo A T da Silva
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Nilópolis, Brazil
| | - Alessandro B C Simas
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors (IPPN), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tanos C C França
- Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Samir F de A Cavalcante
- Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Institute of CBRN Defense (IDQBRN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,School of Pharmacy, Universidade Castelo Branco (UCB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors (IPPN), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Cavalcante SFDA, Simas ABC, Barcellos MC, de Oliveira VGM, Sousa RB, Cabral PADM, Kuča K, França TCC. Acetylcholinesterase: The "Hub" for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Chemical Weapons Convention. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E414. [PMID: 32155996 PMCID: PMC7175162 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme involved in parasympathetic neurotransmission, its activity, and how its inhibition can be pharmacologically useful for treating dementia, caused by Alzheimer's disease, or as a warfare method due to the action of nerve agents. The chemical concepts related to the irreversible inhibition of AChE, its reactivation, and aging are discussed, along with a relationship to the current international legislation on chemical weapons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir F. de A. Cavalcante
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (V.G.M.d.O.); (R.B.S.); (P.A.d.M.C.)
- Walter Mors Institute of Research on Natural Products (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Bloco H, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro B. C. Simas
- Walter Mors Institute of Research on Natural Products (IPPN), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Bloco H, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Marcos C. Barcellos
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (V.G.M.d.O.); (R.B.S.); (P.A.d.M.C.)
| | - Victor G. M. de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (V.G.M.d.O.); (R.B.S.); (P.A.d.M.C.)
| | - Roberto B. Sousa
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (V.G.M.d.O.); (R.B.S.); (P.A.d.M.C.)
| | - Paulo A. de M. Cabral
- Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN), Brazilian Army Technological Center (CTEx), Avenida das Américas 28705, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil; (M.C.B.); (V.G.M.d.O.); (R.B.S.); (P.A.d.M.C.)
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tanos C. C. França
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMACBD), Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
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8
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In Vitro Evaluation of Neutral Aryloximes as Reactivators for Electrophorus eel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Paraoxon. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100583. [PMID: 31597234 PMCID: PMC6843506 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Casualties caused by organophosphorus pesticides are a burden for health systems in developing and poor countries. Such compounds are potent acetylcholinesterase irreversible inhibitors, and share the toxic profile with nerve agents. Pyridinium oximes are the only clinically available antidotes against poisoning by these substances, but their poor penetration into the blood-brain barrier hampers the efficient enzyme reactivation at the central nervous system. In searching for structural factors that may be explored in future SAR studies, we evaluated neutral aryloximes as reactivators for paraoxon-inhibited Electrophorus eel acetylcholinesterase. Our findings may result into lead compounds, useful for development of more active compounds for emergencies and supportive care.
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