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Nessa S, Lavanya S, Routray RK, Chaurasiya A, Kulkarni OP, Begum AS. Anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of Halodule pinifolia: development, characterization and in vivo evaluation of H. pinifolia-based oral suspension and lipid nano-emulsion. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1203-1223. [PMID: 38451395 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
For treating chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, herbal medicines are preferred due to their evident therapeutic effects and lesser side effects as compared to the long-term used conventional drugs. In this study, the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of an unexplored marine grass Halodule pinifolia (HP), and a combination of it with Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice; LQ), prepared as a conventional suspension (C1) and a lipid nano-emulsion (C1-N) was evaluated in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)- and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models. Formulations C1 and C1-N contained standardized extract HP (100 mg/kg) as major active ingredient and liquorice LQ (50 mg/kg) as both active ingredient (anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer) and sweetening agent. Oral administration of HP and C1 to FCA-induced Sprague-Dawley rats significantly reduced the paw oedema, spleen index, controlled the haematological parameters, cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α estimated by ELISA), mRNA expression of cytokines and osteoclast markers (RANK, TRAP and cathepsin K measured by RTPCR). Histopathology and radiological scanning demonstrated lesser joint deterioration in sample-treated rats, as evident phenotypically. The downregulation of CD51 and MMP-3 (western blot) corroborated the anti-arthritic effect of HP and C1. HP showed better results among all. Further, under the CIA model, both C1 and C1-N were found to be potentially active as evidenced by their effect on rat paw oedema, spleen index, haematological parameters, rheumatoid factor, cytokines, osteoclast markers, histology and X-rays. The results proved the anti-arthritic effect of HP and the formulations, particularly the lipid nano-emulsion that showed improved stability as well as activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samun Nessa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - S Lavanya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Rajesh K Routray
- Department of Periodontics, Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, 500087, India
| | - Akash Chaurasiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Onkar P Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - A Sajeli Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India.
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Mahmoudi SK, Tarzemani S, Aghajanzadeh T, Kasravi M, Hatami B, Zali MR, Baghaei K. Exploring the role of genetic variations in NAFLD: implications for disease pathogenesis and precision medicine approaches. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:190. [PMID: 38504356 PMCID: PMC10953212 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases, affecting more than one-quarter of people worldwide. Hepatic steatosis can progress to more severe forms of NAFLD, including NASH and cirrhosis. It also may develop secondary diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic and environmental factors regulate NAFLD incidence and progression, making it a complex disease. The contribution of various environmental risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diet, and sedentary lifestyle, to the exacerbation of liver injury is highly understood. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of genetic variations in the NAFLD occurrence or its deterioration still need to be clarified. Hence, understanding the genetic susceptibility to NAFLD is essential for controlling the course of the disease. The current review discusses genetics' role in the pathological pathways of NAFLD, including lipid and glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, cellular stresses, and immune responses. Additionally, it explains the role of the genetic components in the induction and progression of NAFLD in lean individuals. Finally, it highlights the utility of genetic knowledge in precision medicine for the early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Kosar Mahmoudi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Shadi Tarzemani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Taha Aghajanzadeh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Kasravi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Behzad Hatami
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
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Hung SY, Chen JL, Tu YK, Tsai HY, Lu PH, Jou IM, Mbuyisa L, Lin MW. Isoliquiritigenin inhibits apoptosis and ameliorates oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis chondrocytes through the Nrf2/HO-1-mediated pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116006. [PMID: 38091640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition known for its irreversible destructive impact on the joints. Chondrocytes play a pivotal role in the production and maintenance of the cartilage matrix. However, the presence of inflammatory cytokines can hinder chondrocyte proliferation and promote apoptosis. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid, potentially exerts protective effects against various inflammatory diseases. However, its specific role in regulating the nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway in chondrocytes in RA remains unclear. To investigate this, this study used human chondrocytes and Sprague-Dawley rats to construct in vitro and in vivo RA models, respectively. The study findings reveal that cytokines markedly induced oxidative stress, the activation of matrix metalloproteinases, and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, ISL treatment significantly mitigated these effects. Moreover, Nrf2 or HO-1 inhibitors reversed the protective effects of ISL, attenuated the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator-1α, and promoted chondrocyte apoptosis. This finding indicates that ISL primarily targets the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in RA chondrocytes. Moreover, ISL treatment led to improved behavior scores, reduced paw thickness, and mitigated joint damage as well as ameliorated oxidative stress in skeletal muscles in an RA rat model. In conclusion, this study highlights the pivotal role of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the protective effects of ISL and demonstrates the potential of ISL as a treatment option for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ya Hung
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Division of Surgery, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Lung Chen
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lulekiwe Mbuyisa
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Tan X, Ma X, Dai Y, An J, Yu X, Li S, Liao Y, Pei T, Tang Y, Gui Y, Zhou S, Guo D, Deng Y, Hu K, Wang D. A large-scale transcriptional analysis reveals herb-derived ginsenoside F2 suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting STAT3. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155031. [PMID: 37666060 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer that shows great morbidity and mortality rates. However, there are limited available drugs to treat HCC. AIM The present work focused on discovering the potential anti-HCC compounds from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by employing high-throughput sequencing-based high-throughput screening (HTS2) together with the liver cancer pathway-associated gene signature. METHODS HTS2 assay was adopted for identifying herbs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and computer-aided drug design (CADD) were used to identify key targets and screen the candidate natural products of herbs. Molecular docking, network pharmacology analysis, western blotting, immunofluorescent staining, subcellular fractionation experiment, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were performed to validate the ability of compound binding with key target and inhibiting its function. Moreover, cell viability, colony-forming, cell cycle assay and animal experiments were performed to examine the inhibitory effect of compound on HCC. RESULTS We examined the perturbation of 578 herb extracts on the expression of 84 genes from the liver cancer pathway, and identified the top 20 herbs significantly reverting the gene expression of this pathway. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was identified as one of the key targets of the liver cancer pathway by PPI network analysis. Then, by analyzing compounds from top 20 herbs utilizing CADD, we found ginsenoside F2 (GF2) binds to STAT3 with high affinity, which was further validated by the results from molecular docking, SPR and NMR. Additionally, our results showed that GF2 suppresses the phosphorylation of Y705 of STAT3, inhibits its nuclear translocation, decreases its transcriptional activity and inhibits the growth of HCC in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Based on this large-scale transcriptional study, a number of anti-HCC herbs were identified. GF2, a compound derived from TCM, was found to be a chemical basis of these herbs in treating HCC. The present work also discovered that GF2 is a new STAT3 inhibitor, which is able to suppress HCC. As such, GF2 represents a new potential anti-HCC therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun An
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiankuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yile Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianli Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuqin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Clinical Bioinformatics Experimental Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yu Gui
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dale Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yun Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Qu R, Zhang W, Ma Z, Ma Q, Chen M, Lan T, Zhou L, Hu X. Glaucocalyxin A attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis and improves the associated gut microbiota imbalance. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:51-64. [PMID: 37060267 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis refers to the pathophysiological process of dysplasia on the connective tissue of the liver, caused by a variety of pathogenic factors. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) has anticoagulation, antibacterial, anti-inflammation, antioxidant and antitumour properties. However, whether GLA ameliorates liver fibrosis or not is still unclear. In this study, a liver fibrosis model was established using male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg GLA via intraperitoneal injection, respectively. The ones that were treated with 5 mg/kg OCA were used as the positive control group. The levels of liver function, liver fibrosis biomarkers and liver pathological changes were then evaluated. We also explored the effects of GLA on inflammatory response and liver cell apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the gut microbiota mechanisms of GLA on liver fibrosis. The results from this study that GLA could significantly decrease the level of liver function (AST, ALT, TBA) and liver fibrosis (HA, LN, PC-III, IV-C). On the other hand, a significant decrease in inflammation levels (IL-1β, TNF-α) were also noted. GLA also improves CCl4-induced pathological liver injuries and collagen deposition, in addition to decreasing apoptosis levels. In addition, an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in liver disease was also observed. GLA also improves the gut microbiota. In conclusion, GLA attenuates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and improves the associated gut microbiota imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Qu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingju Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuguang Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hui P, Zhou S, Cao C, Zhao W, Zeng L, Rong X. The elucidation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of EMO in rheumatoid arthritis through an integrative approach combining bioinformatics and experimental verification. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1195567. [PMID: 37324499 PMCID: PMC10267444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1195567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Emodin (EMO), a natural derivative of the anthraquinone family mainly extracted from rhubarb (Rheum palmatum), has previously been demonstrated to possess superior anti-inflammatory properties from a single target or pathway. In order to explore the underlying mechanism of action of EMO against rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a network pharmacology approach was employed. Methods: A gene expression profile from GSE55457 available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to identify the targets of EMO action. Further, single cell RNA sequencing data from GEO database of RA patients (GSE159117) were downloaded and analysed. To further investigate the anti-RA effect of EMO on MH7A cells, the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β were monitored. Finally, RNA-seq analyses were conducted on synovial fibroblasts from EMO-treated. Result: We screened the key targets of EMO against RA using network pharmacology methods, including HMGB1, STAT1, EGR1, NR3C1, EGFR, MAPK14, CASP3, CASP1, IL4, IL13, IKBKB and FN1, and their reliability was verified using ROC curve. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis showed that these core target proteins mainly played a role by modulating monocytes. The anti-RA effect of EMO was further verified with MH7A cells, which showed that EMO could block cell differentiation and reduce the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β. WB experiments confirmed that EMO could affect the expression of COX2, HMBG1 and the phosphorylation of p38. Finally, sequencing of synovial fibroblasts from rats treated with EMO showed consistent results with those predicted and verified, further proving the anti-inflammatory effect of EMO. Conclusion: Our research shows that EMO inhibits inflammatory response of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by targeting HMGB1, STAT1, EGR1, NR3C1, EGFR, MAPK14, CASP3, CASP1, IL4, IL13, IKBKB, FN1 and Monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusheng Hui
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sicong Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunhao Cao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Rong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliate Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Macrophage-Targeted Dextran Sulfate-Dexamethasone Conjugate Micelles for Effective Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020591. [PMID: 36677648 PMCID: PMC9863669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic immune disease that causes joint affection and even disability. Activated macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of RA by producing pro-inflammatory factors. The use of dexamethasone (DXM) is effective in relieving the intractable pain and inflammatory progression of RA. However, long-term use of DXM is strongly associated with increased rates of diabetes, osteoporosis, bone fractures, and mortality, which hinders its clinical use. In this study, the dextran sulfate-cisaconitic anhydride-dexamethasone (DXM@DS-cad-DXM) micelles were prepared to treat RA by selectively recognizing scavenger receptor (SR) on the activated macrophages. The potent targeting property of DXM@DS-cad-DXM micelles to SR was by fluorescence microscope. Additionally, the effective accumulation and powerful anti-inflammatory activity of DXM@DS-cad-DXM micelles were observed in the inflamed joints of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats after intravenous administration. Overall, DXM@DS-cad-DXM micelles are a potentially effective nanomedicine for targeted therapy of RA.
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Wang L, Wan G, Wang G, Zhang M, Li N, Zhang Q, Yan H. Anthocyanin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in the Qaidam Basin Alleviates Ultraviolet-Induced Apoptosis of Human Skin Fibroblasts by Regulating the Death Receptor Pathway. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:2925-2932. [PMID: 36601462 PMCID: PMC9807275 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s388418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of anthocyanin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in the Qaidam Basin against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced apoptosis of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). Methods HSFs cultured in vitro were randomly divided into a control group, UVB group, and anthocyanin groups (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL). HSFs in the UVB and anthocyanin groups were exposed to 30 mJ/cm2 UVB to establish a photoaging model. Then, apoptosis rate, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-7 (caspase-7), and survivin expression were evaluated. Results UVB irradiation can increase the apoptosis rate of HSFs and expression of TNF-α, caspase-7, and survivin. Anthocyanin pretreatment (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL) decreased UVB-induced apoptosis rate and TNF-α and caspase-7 expression and increased survivin expression. Compared with the control group, the apoptosis rate and expression of TNF-α, caspase-7, and survivin of anthocyanin groups in UVB-irradiated HSFs were high. Among the three doses of anthocyanin (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL) groups, the apoptosis rate and TNF-α expression of anthocyanin at 1.0 mg/mL were the lowest. There was no significant change in caspase-3 expression in each group. Conclusion Anthocyanin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in the Qaidam Basin could alleviate UVB-induced apoptosis by regulating the death receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangmei Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meihong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nanxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinning Zhang
- Shijingshan Teaching Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualing Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Hualing Yan, Department of Dermatology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, No. 29, Tongren Road, Chengxi District, Xining, Qinghai Province, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Liu Y, Chen P, Qi D, Chen L. Glaucocalyxin A Inhibits the Malignancies of Gastric Cancer Cells by Downregulating MDM2 and RNF6 via MiR-3658 and the SMG1-UPF mRNA Decay Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:871169. [PMID: 35814430 PMCID: PMC9258495 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.871169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the most common gastrointestinal cancer and is among the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA), an entkauranoid diterpene isolated from Rab-dosia japonica var., possesses various bioactivities. To date, the data on the effect of GLA on GC are still minimal, and the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Herein, we found that GLA could significantly inhibit the proliferation, cell adhesion, and invasion of HGT-1, SNU-1, SNU-6, and NCI-N87 GC cells in a dose-dependent manner. GLA enhanced the apoptosis of the GC cells as evidenced by the increased caspase-3 activity and the elevated levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP in GC cells in the presence of GLA. We then showed that the downregulation of Murine Double Minute Clone 2 (MDM2) and Ring Finger Protein 6 (RNF6) by GLA was implicated in the GLA-induced inhibition of the GC cells. Furthermore, MDM2 and RNF6 were identified as the targets of miR-3658 that was downregulated in the GC cells and upregulated by GLA. Moreover, it was shown that miR-3658 was hypermethylated in the GC cells, and GLA could rescue the expression of miR-3658 via demethylation by abrogating EZH2-mediated epigenetic silencing. In addition to the miR-3658-MDM2/RNF6 regulatory axis, activation of the SMG1-UPF mRNA decay pathway contributed to the downregulation of MDM2 and RNF6 by GLA in the GC cells. The inhibitory effect of GLA on gastric cancer and the expression of MDM2 and RNF6 was also validated in in vivo study. Our findings suggest that has the therapeutic potential for GC by downregulating oncogenes via posttranscriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Chen,
| | - Daqing Qi
- Department of Medical Affairs, Hangzhou Huqingyu Hall Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Linhui Chen
- Department of Medical Affairs, Hangzhou Huqingyu Hall Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
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Xu Z, Shang W, Zhao Z, Zhang B, Liu C, Cai H. Curcumin alleviates rheumatoid arthritis progression through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway: an in vitro and in vivo study. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12899-12911. [PMID: 35609329 PMCID: PMC9276000 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2078942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and joint bone and cartilage destruction. Curcumin can improve joint inflammation in rats with arthritis and inhibit synovial revascularization and abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts. However, it is unclear whether curcumin affects the RA progression. The TNF-α-stimulated primary RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) and SV-40 transformed MH7A cells were used as the in vitro model of RA. A mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was used as the in vivo model. The effects of curcumin on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and inflammatory response were assessed by colony formation, flow cytometry, wound scratch, Transwell assays, and western blotting analysis. Arthritis index scores and degree of paw swelling in mice were assessed to evaluate RA. Curcumin inhibited the TNF-α-induced proliferation, migration, invasion of MH7A and RA-FLS cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Administration with curcumin reversed the CIA-induced increase in arthritis scores, hind paw edema, and loss of appetite, while these effects were rescued by insulin-like growth factor 1, the upstream cytokine of PI3K/AKT. Moreover, curcumin suppressed the inflammatory response by reducing TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 secretion in CIA-stimulated mice. Curcumin has an excellent anti-RA effect in vivo and in vitro, which is exerted by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-17 and inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, curcumin may be a promising candidate for anti-RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang D, Deng T, Yuan W, Chen T, Jiang S. Glaucocalyxin A induces apoptosis of NSCLC cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:797-804. [PMID: 35576104 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the fastest growing malignancies in morbidity and mortality, and current therapies are in general not sufficiently effective for this deadly disease. This study characterizes the anti-cancer effects of Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) and explores the underlying mechanisms using human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. First, our data showed that GLA suppressed the viability of cancer cells, while no effect was observed in the normal bronchial epithelial cell Bease 2B cells. Second, GLA inhibited colony formation, induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Third, GLA down-regulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein, up-regulated the expression of Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) , and strengthened cleavage of Caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Fourth, GLA also diminished mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibited phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/ glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) pathway. In addition, injection of GLA (20 mg/kg) every two days significantly inhibited A549 xenograft tumor growth, accompanied by increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Together, our study provides evidence that the anticancer effect of GLA in NSCLC is mediated by inducing apoptosis through inhibiting PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway and suggests that GLA may be used as a promising natural medicine for NSCLC therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ting Deng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wa Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tongqiang Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shuping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Bio-fabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, China
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He F, Liu Y, Li T, Ma Q, Yongmei Z, He P, Xiong C. MicroRNA-146 attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced ovarian dysfunction by inhibiting the TLR4/NF- κB signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11611-11623. [PMID: 35531876 PMCID: PMC9275987 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2070584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a disease that seriously affects women’s reproductive function and even leads to lifelong infertility. Little is known about the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ovarian dysfunction. Thus, we aimed to identify the role of the up-regulation of microRNA (miRNA)-146 expression offered protection against ovarian dysfunction by inhibiting the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, TLR4/phosphorylated (p)-nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and Interleukin (IL)-6. In an in vivo study, we established an LPS-induced ovarian dysfunction mouse model. The mouse ovarian granulosa cells were transfected with miR-146 mimic or negative controls or inhibitor and then treated with LPS. Therefore, cell viability, cells apoptosis, IL-6 and TNF-a, TLR4, NF- κB were assessed, respectively. These results demonstrated that the up-regulation of miRNA-146 expression may protect against LPS-induced ovarian dysfunction and markedly increased the cell viability, and significantly reduced the ovarian granulosa cells apoptotic rate, and down-regulated IL-6 and TNF-a expression. In addition, miRNA-146 exerted protective ovarian functions might be via inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, we reveal the up-regulation of miRNA-146 expression mitigated ovarian dysfunction by negatively regulating expression of the IL-6 and TNF-a, which may shed light on the potential molecular mechanisms of overexpression of miRNA-146 may reversed the ovarian dysfunction by inhibiting the TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping He
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tang Li
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiulin Ma
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Yongmei
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing He
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanyin Xiong
- Affiliated HuaDu Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Hosohata K, Jin D, Takai S. Glaucocalyxin A Ameliorates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cell Line HK-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010446. [PMID: 35008870 PMCID: PMC8745506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is increasingly prevalent in clinical settings. Glaucocalxin A (GLA), a biologically ent-kauranoid diterpenoid, has various pharmacological effects like antioxidation, immune regulation, and antiatherosclerosis. In this study, the effect of GLA on AKI and its mechanism were studied in vitro. HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), which were established as an in vitro AKI model. Subsequently, the mRNA expressions of inflammatory and antioxidant factors were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death were detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. GLA pre-treatment improved the cell viability of HK-2 cells exposed to H/R. GLA suppressed the H/R-induced ROS production in HK-2 cells. GLA also elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase of HK-2 cells exposed to H/R. Moreover, GLA prevented H/R-induced cell death in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, GLA ameliorated the activation of the protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in HK-2 cells exposed to H/R. Our findings suggested that GLA protected HK-2 cells from H/R-induced oxidative damage, which was mediated by the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These results indicate that GLA may serve as a promising therapeutic drug for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Hosohata
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-690-1271
| | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan; (D.J.); (S.T.)
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan; (D.J.); (S.T.)
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Wang Y, Chen S, Du K, Liang C, Wang S, Owusu Boadi E, Li J, Pang X, He J, Chang YX. Traditional herbal medicine: Therapeutic potential in rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114368. [PMID: 34197960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease influenced by diverse endogenous and exogenous factors. It is characterized by cartilage and bone destruction. The current conventional allopathic therapy is expensive and carries adverse side effects. Recently, there were some ethnopharmacological studies on RA including anti-RA effects and therapeutic targets of distinct dosage forms of traditional herbal medicines (THMs). AIM OF THE REVIEW This review provides a brief overview of the current understanding of the potential pharmacological mechanisms of THMs (active constituents, extracts and prescriptions) in RA. This study is intended to provide comprehensive information and reference for exploring new therapeutic strategies of THMs in the RA treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review captured scientific literatures invivo and vitro experiments on effects of anti-RA THMs published between 2016 and 2021 from journals and electronic databases (e.g. PubMed, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar). Relevant literatures were searched and analyzed by using keywords such as 'rheumatoid arthritis AND traditional herbal medicines', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND immune cells', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND inflammation', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND miRNA', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND Angiogenesis', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND oxidative stress', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND osteoclasts', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND CIA model', 'rheumatoid arthritis AND AA model' AND 'rheumatoid arthritis herbal prescription'. RESULTS Experiments in vitro and in vivo jointly demonstrated the potential of THMs in the RA treatment. There are plentiful therapeutic targets in RA. THMs and active ingredients could alleviate RA symptoms through different therapeutic targets, such as immunoregulation, inflammation, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), microRNAs (miRNAs), angiogenesis, oxidative stress, osteoclasts and multiple targets interaction. Anti-RA THMs, active ingredients and prescriptions through corresponding therapeutic targets were summarized and classified. CONCLUSIONS Flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids and triterpenes of THMs are identified as the main components to ameliorate RA. Regulation of different and multiple related therapeutic targets by THMs and their active ingredients were associated with greater therapeutic benefits, among which inflammation is the main therapeutic target. Nonetheless, further studies are required to unravel the complexities and in-depth mechanisms of THMs in alleviating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Kunze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shuangqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Evans Owusu Boadi
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaoli Pang
- Academy of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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