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Shankar M, Rani MSS, Gopi P, P A, Pandya P. Structure and energetics of serum protein complex of tea adulterant dye Bismarck brown Y using experimental and computational methods. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107976. [PMID: 37956472 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Tea, a widely consumed aromatic beverage, is often adulterated with dyes such as Bismarck brown Y (C.I. 21000) (BBY), Prussian blue, and Plumbago, which pose potential health risks. The objective of this study is to analyze how the food dye BBY interacts with serum protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). This study investigated the BBY-BSA interaction at the molecular level. Fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that the quenching of BSA by BBY is carried out by dynamic quenching mechanism. The displacement assay and molecular docking studies revealed that BBY binds at the flavanone binding site of BSA with hydrophobic interactions. Circular Dichroism results indicate the structural stability of the protein upon BBY binding. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated the stability of the complex in a dynamic solvent system, and quantum mechanics calculations showed slight conformational changes of the diaminophenyl ring due to increased hydrophobic interaction. The energetics of gas phase optimized and stable MD structures of BBY indicated similar values which further confirmed that the conformational changes were minor, and it also exhibited a moderate binding with BSA as shown by the MM/PBSA results. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular-level interactions between BBY and BSA, emphasizing the critical role of hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manwi Shankar
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Majji Sai Sudha Rani
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Priyanka Gopi
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Arsha P
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Prateek Pandya
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
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França VLB, Amaral JL, Martins YA, Caetano EWS, Brunaldi K, Freire VN. Characterization of the binding interaction between atrazine and human serum albumin: Fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular dynamics and quantum biochemistry. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110130. [PMID: 36037875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR), one of the most used herbicides worldwide, causes persistent contamination of water and soil due to its high resistance to degradation. ATR is associated with low fertility and increased risk of prostate cancer in humans, as well as birth defects, low birth weight and premature delivery. Describing ATR binding to human serum albumin (HSA) is clinically relevant to future studies about pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of ATR, as albumin is the most abundant carrier protein in plasma and binds important small biological molecules. In this work we characterize, for the first time, the binding of ATR to HSA by using fluorescence spectroscopy and performing simulations using molecular docking, classical molecular dynamics and quantum biochemistry based on density functional theory (DFT). We determine the most likely binding sites of ATR to HSA, highlighting the fatty acid binding site FA8 (located between subdomains IA-IB-IIA and IIB-IIIA-IIIB) as the most important one, and evaluate each nearby amino acid residue contribution to the binding interactions explaining the fluorescence quenching due to ATR complexation with HSA. The stabilization of the ATR/FA8 complex was also aided by the interaction between the atrazine ring and SER454 (hydrogen bond) and LEU481(alkyl interaction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor L B França
- Departament of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Jackson L Amaral
- Departament of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Yandara A Martins
- Departament of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ewerton W S Caetano
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60040-531, Brazil
| | - Kellen Brunaldi
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Valder N Freire
- Departament of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, 60440-900, Brazil.
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Nanocarriers for β-Carotene Based on Milk Protein. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yue S, Zhang X, Xu Y, Zhu L, Cheng J, Qiao Y, Dai S, Zhu J, Jiang N, Wu H, Zhang P, Hou Y. The influence of surface charge on the tumor-targeting behavior of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for MRI. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:646-655. [PMID: 34994759 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02349g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine-based tumor-targeted therapy has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the lack of specificity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. "Passive" targeting caused by the tumor EPR effect and "active" targeting endowed by the tumor-targeting moieties provide promising biomedical utilities and cancer therapy strategies for nanomedicine. However, as the nanoparticles are exposed to biological fluids, a large number of protein molecules will be adsorbed on their surface, known as protein corona, which may alter the targeting ability of the nanoparticles. The impact of different protein corona on the "passive" and "active" targeting behaviors is still ambiguous. Herein, three kinds of aqueous soluble Fe3O4 nanoparticles with different surface modifications were synthesized and applied to explore the correlation between their protein corona and passive/active tumor-targeting abilities. In the in vitro and in vivo studies, the protein corona exhibited completely different effects on the active and passive cancer-targeting capability of the particles. The particles presented active cancer-targeting ability if there was enough interaction time between the particles and cells. This was mainly due to the dynamic evolution of the protein corona, the proteins of which may be outcompeted by the cancer cell membrane and determine the targeting abilities. Unfortunately, the protein corona also inevitably accelerated RES/MPS uptake after the particles were injected into the body, which almost completely disabled the active targeting abilities of the particles. We believe that this in-depth understanding of protein corona will provide new ideas on the tumor-targeting mechanisms of nanoparticles and present a feasible approach to designing targeted drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Yue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Engineering and Transformation Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Lichong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Junwei Cheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Suyang Dai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jialin Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Ni Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, China.
| | - Peisen Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yi Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. .,Department of Nanomedicine & International Joint Cancer Institute, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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