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Zhou Q, Zhu W, Cai X, Jing J, Wang M, Wang S, Jin A, Meng X, Wei T, Wang Y, Pan Y. Obesity and brain volumes: mediation by cardiometabolic and inflammatory measures. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024:svn-2023-003045. [PMID: 39160093 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2023-003045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between overall obesity, central obesity and brain volumes, as well as to determine the extent to which cardiometabolic and inflammatory measures act as mediators in the association between body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and brain volumes. METHODS In the context of counterfactual framework, mediation analysis was used to explore the potential mediation in which cardiometabolic and inflammatory measures may mediate the relationship between BMI, WHR, and brain volumes. RESULTS Among 2413 community-dwelling participants, those with high BMI or WHR levels experienced an approximately brain ageing of 4 years. Especially, individuals with high WHR or BMI under the age of 65 exhibited white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) differences equivalent to around 5 years of ageing. Conversely, in the high-level WHR population over the age of 65, premature brain ageing in gray matter volume (GMV) exceeded 4.5 years. For GMV, more than 45% of the observed effect of WHR was mediated by glycaemic metabolism indicators. This proportion increases to 78.70% when blood pressure, triglyceride, leucocyte count, and neutrophil count are jointly considered with glycaemic metabolism indicators. Regarding WHR and BMI's association with WMHV, cardiometabolic and inflammatory indicators, along with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mediated 35.50% and 20.20% of the respective effects. CONCLUSIONS Overall obesity and central obesity were associated with lower GMV and higher WMHV, a process that is partially mediated by the presence of cardiometabolic and inflammatory measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wanlin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
- Lishui Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengxing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Suying Wang
- Cerebrovascular Research Lab, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Tiemin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU018, Beijing, China
| | - Yuesong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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Wei X, Sun Z, Wang N, Deng Z, Li W, Ying T, Wu M, Liu Y, He G. Immunometabolic profiling related with gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case-control study of CD4 + T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02338-6. [PMID: 39147954 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate immunometabolic associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted comprising 53 pairs of GDM patients and matched controls within a prospective cohort. Metabolomic signatures related to both CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits among pregnant women were investigated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models were used to explore the associations of CD4+ T cell phenotypes and selected metabolites with GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the mediating effect of selected metabolites on the relationship between CD4+ T cell phenotypes and glycemic traits. RESULTS Higher levels of Treg cells (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.57 (0.34, 0.95), p = 0.031) and increased expression of Foxp3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.59 (0.35, 0.97), p = 0.039) and GATA3 (OR per SD increment (95%CI): 0.42 (0.25, 0.72), p = 0.002) were correlated with a decreased risk of GDM. Plasma pyruvaldehyde, S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), bergapten, and 9-fluorenone mediated the association between Tregs and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), with mediation proportions of 46.9%, 39.6%, 52.4%, and 56.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Treg cells and Foxp3 expressions were inversely associated with GDM risk, with potential metabolic mechanisms involving metabolites such as pyruvaldehyde and SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wei
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- Nursing Department, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zequn Deng
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenyun Li
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Ying
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No.130, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Wang Y, Li C, Peng W, Sheng J, Zi C, Wu X. EGCG Suppresses Adipogenesis and Promotes Browning of 3T3-L1 Cells by Inhibiting Notch1 Expression. Molecules 2024; 29:2555. [PMID: 38893431 PMCID: PMC11173936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the changes in lifestyle and diet structure, the incidence of obesity has increased year by year, and obesity is one of the inducements of many chronic metabolic diseases. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is the most abundant component of tea polyphenols, has been used for many years to improve obesity and its complications. Though it has been reported that EGCG can improve obesity through many molecular mechanisms, EGCG may have many mechanisms yet to be explored. In this study, we explored other possible mechanisms through molecular docking and in vitro experiments. METHODS AutoDock Vina was selected for conducting the molecular docking analysis to elucidate the interaction between EGCG and Notch1, while molecular dynamics simulations were employed to validate this interaction. Then, the new regulation mechanism of EGCG on obesity was verified with in vitro experiments, including a Western blot experiment, immunofluorescence experiment, oil red O staining, and other experiments in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RESULTS The molecular docking results showed that EGCG could bind to Notch1 protein through hydrogen bonding. In vitro cell experiments demonstrated that EGCG can significantly reduce the sizes of lipid droplets of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and promote UCP-1 expression by inhibiting the expression of Notch1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, thus promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS In this study, molecular docking and in vitro cell experiments were used to explore the possible mechanism of EGCG to improve obesity by inhibiting Notch1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Wenyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Chengting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Puer Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (W.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Hohlstein P, Salvarcioglu C, Pollmanns MR, Adams JK, Abu Jhaisha S, Kabak E, Eisert A, Hamesch K, Weiskirchen R, Koch A, Wirtz TH. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Serum Leptin in Critically Ill Patients with Acute versus Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1170. [PMID: 38927377 PMCID: PMC11200812 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Differentiation between acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) can be challenging in patients with de novo liver disease but is important to indicate the referral to a transplant center and urgency of organ allocation. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine that regulates energy storage and satiety, has multiple regulatory functions in the liver. We enrolled 160 critically ill patients with liver disease and 20 healthy individuals to measure serum leptin concentrations as a potential biomarker for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Notably, patients with ALF had higher concentrations of serum leptin compared to patients with decompensated advanced chronic liver disease (dACLD) or ACLF (110 vs. 50 vs. 29 pg/mL, p < 0.001). Levels of serum leptin below 56 pg/mL excluded ALF in patients with acute hepatic disease, with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.8% in our cohort. Lastly, serum leptin did not show any dynamic changes within the first 48 h of ICU treatment, especially not in comparison with patients with ALF vs. ACLF or survivors vs. non-survivors. In conclusion, serum leptin may represent a helpful biomarker to exclude ALF in critically ill patients who present with acute liver dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hohlstein
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Can Salvarcioglu
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Maike R. Pollmanns
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Jule K. Adams
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Samira Abu Jhaisha
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Elena Kabak
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Albrecht Eisert
- Hospital Pharmacy, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Karim Hamesch
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
| | - Theresa H. Wirtz
- Department for Gastroenterology, Metabolic Disorders and Intensive Care Medicine, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (M.R.P.); (J.K.A.); (S.A.J.); (E.K.); (K.H.); (T.H.W.)
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Yau STY, Leung E, Wong MCS, Hung CT, Chong KC, Lee A, Yeoh EK. Metabolic dysfunction-associated profiles and subsequent site-specific risk of obesity-related cancers among Chinese patients with diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082414. [PMID: 38569684 PMCID: PMC11146369 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare metabolic dysfunction-associated profiles between patients with diabetes who developed different obesity-related site-specific cancers and those who remained free of cancer during follow-up. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Public general outpatient clinics in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Patients with diabetes without a history of malignancy (n=391 921). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The outcomes of interest were diagnosis of site-specific cancers (colon and rectum, liver, pancreas, bladder, kidney and stomach) during follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to assess the associations between metabolic dysfunction and other clinical factors with each site-specific cancer. RESULTS Each 0.1 increase in waist-to-hip ratio was associated with an 11%-35% elevated risk of colorectal, bladder and liver cancers. Each 1% increase in glycated haemoglobin was linked to a 4%-9% higher risk of liver and pancreatic cancers. While low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were inversely associated with the risk of liver and pancreatic cancers, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively associated with pancreatic, gastric and kidney cancers, but positively associated with liver cancer. Furthermore, liver cirrhosis was linked to a 56% increased risk of pancreatic cancer. No significant association between hypertension and cancer risk was found. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic dysfunction-associated profiles contribute to different obesity-related cancer outcomes differentially among patients with diabetes. This study may provide evidence to help identify cancer prevention targets during routine diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tsz Yui Yau
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eman Leung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin Chi Sang Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Tim Hung
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Chun Chong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Lee
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eng Kiong Yeoh
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Abdalla M, El-Arabey AA, Gai Z. PDL-1 and insulin resistance in obesity: a possible pathway for macrovascular disease. Hum Cell 2024; 37:568-570. [PMID: 38267700 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohnad Abdalla
- Research Institute of Pediatrics Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, China
| | - Amr Ahmed El-Arabey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11751, Egypt.
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Research Institute of Pediatrics Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, China.
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Chen F, Wu SS, Chen C, Zhou C. Dynamic changes and clinical value of lipocalin 2 in liver diseases caused by microbial infections. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:177-185. [PMID: 38495277 PMCID: PMC10941746 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) plays a pivotal role in iron metabolism, particularly in the context of microbial infection resistance (e.g., viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc.). LCN2 combats microbial infection by directly assisting the body in competing with microorganisms for iron, inducing immune cells to secrete various cytokines to enhance systemic immune responses, or recruiting neutrophils to infectious sites. The liver serves as the primary organ for LCN2 secretion during microbial infections. This review encapsulates recent advances in dynamic changes, clinical values, and the effects of LCN2 in infectious liver diseases caused by various microbial microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Gutmann D, Dressler M, Eickmeier O, Herrmann E, Kirwil M, Schubert R, Zielen S, Zissler UM. Proinflammatory pattern in the lower airways of non-asthmatic obese adolescents. Cytokine 2024; 173:156452. [PMID: 38039695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is known to be a pro-inflammatory condition affecting multiple organs. Obesity as a systemic pro-inflammatory state, might be associated with bronchial inflammation in non-smoking adolescents with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 without evidence of concomitant chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied non-asthmatic obese patients (n = 20; median age 15.8 years; BMI 35.0 kg/m2) compared to age matched healthy control subjects (n = 20; median age 17.5 years; BMI 21.5 kg/m2). Induced sputum differential cell counts and sputum mRNA levels were assessed for all study subjects. Serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured. Further, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IP-10 protein levels were analyzed in induced sputum was. RESULTS Serum CRP levels, sputum inflammatory cell load and sputum eosinophils differed significantly between obese and non-obese subjects, for sputum neutrophils, a correlation was shown with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Differences were also observed for sputum mRNA expression of IL6, IL8, IL13, IL17, IL23, and IFN-γ, as well as the transcription factors T-bet, GATA3, and FoxP3. CONCLUSIONS Increased bronchial inflammation, triggered by systemic or local inflammatory effects of obesity itself, may account for the higher rates of airway disease in obese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Gutmann
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Melanie Dressler
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Olaf Eickmeier
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Eva Herrmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marta Kirwil
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division of Allergology, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| | - Ulrich M Zissler
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), CPC-M, Munich, Germany.
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Giriyappagoudar M, Vastrad B, Horakeri R, Vastrad C. Study on Potential Differentially Expressed Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3109. [PMID: 38137330 PMCID: PMC10740779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with reduced quality of life and earlier mortality, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this investigation, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of IPF and related key genes, so as to investigate the potential molecular pathogenesis of IPF and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Next-generation sequencing dataset GSE213001 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IPF and normal control group. The DEGs between IPF and normal control group were screened with the DESeq2 package of R language. The Gene Ontology (GO) and REACTOME pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the g:Profiler, the function and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Integrated Interactions Database (IID) database. Cytoscape with Network Analyzer was used to identify the hub genes. miRNet and NetworkAnalyst databaseswereused to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs), transcription factors (TFs), and small drug molecules. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to validate the hub genes. A total of 958 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 479 up regulated genes and 479 down regulated genes. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in response to stimulus, GPCR ligand binding, microtubule-based process, and defective GALNT3 causes HFTC. In combination with the results of the PPI network, miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network, hub genes including LRRK2, BMI1, EBP, MNDA, KBTBD7, KRT15, OTX1, TEKT4, SPAG8, and EFHC2 were selected. Cyclothiazide and rotigotinethe are predicted small drug molecules for IPF treatment. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of IPF, and provide a novel strategy for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttanagouda Giriyappagoudar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hubballi 580022, Karnataka, India;
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. Socitey’s College of Pharmacy, Gadag 582101, Karnataka, India;
| | - Rajeshwari Horakeri
- Department of Computer Science, Govt First Grade College, Hubballi 580032, Karnataka, India;
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
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Wi M, Kim Y, Kim CH, Lee S, Bae GS, Leem J, Chu H. Effectiveness and Safety of Fufang Danshen Dripping Pill (Cardiotonic Pill) on Blood Viscosity and Hemorheological Factors for Cardiovascular Event Prevention in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1730. [PMID: 37893448 PMCID: PMC10608055 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes can cause various vascular complications. The Compounded Danshen-Dripping-Pill (CDDP) is widely used in China. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness and safety of CDDP in the blood viscosity (BV) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic search of seven databases from their inception to July 2022 for randomized controlled trials that used CDDP to treat T2DM. To evaluate BV, we measured low shear rate (LSR), high shear rate (HSR), and plasma viscosity (PV). Homocysteine and adiponectin levels were also assessed as factors that could affect BV. Results: We included 18 studies and 1532 patients with T2DM. Meta-analysis revealed that CDDP significantly reduced LSR (mean difference [MD] -2.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] -3.77 to -1.72), HSR (MD -0.86, 95% CI -1.08 to -0.63), and PV (MD -0.37, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.19) compared to controls. CDDP also reduced homocysteine (MD -8.32, 95% CI -9.05 to -7.58), and increased plasma adiponectin (MD 2.72, 95% CI 2.13 to 3.32). Adverse events were reported less frequently in the treatment groups than in controls. Conclusions: CDDP is effective in reducing BV on T2DM. However, due to the poor design and quality of the included studies, high-quality, well-designed studies are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Wi
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.W.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yumin Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.W.); (Y.K.)
| | - Cheol-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Sangkwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Gi-Sang Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungtae Leem
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.W.); (Y.K.)
- Korean Traditional Medicine Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Sin-dong, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongmin Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Neuroscience, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksandaero 460, Iksan 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (C.-H.K.); (S.L.)
- Wollong Public Health Subcenter, Paju Public Health Center, Paju 10924, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Li Z, Ouyang H, Zhu J. Traditional Chinese medicines and natural products targeting immune cells in the treatment of metabolic-related fatty liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1195146. [PMID: 37361209 PMCID: PMC10289001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1195146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MAFLD stands for metabolic-related fatty liver disease, which is a prevalent liver disease affecting one-third of adults worldwide, and is strongly associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. It encompasses a broad spectrum of conditions ranging from simple liver fat accumulation to advanced stages like chronic inflammation, tissue damage, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. With limited approved drugs for MAFLD, identifying promising drug targets and developing effective treatment strategies is essential. The liver plays a critical role in regulating human immunity, and enriching innate and adaptive immune cells in the liver can significantly improve the pathological state of MAFLD. In the modern era of drug discovery, there is increasing evidence that traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, natural products and herb components can effectively treat MAFLD. Our study aims to review the current evidence supporting the potential benefits of such treatments, specifically targeting immune cells that are responsible for the pathogenesis of MAFLD. By providing new insights into the development of traditional drugs for the treatment of MAFLD, our findings may pave the way for more effective and targeted therapeutic approaches.
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